The future of social insurance: An evolutionary approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 61-88
Author(s):  
Jin Soo Kim ◽  
Hwa Sook Bae ◽  
Won Suk Chung ◽  
Jeongeum Cha ◽  
Sungha Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Evolutionary Approach ◽  
The Future

The Economic Context for Reforming the Safety Net

2019 ◽  
Vol 686 (1) ◽  
pp. 352-368
Author(s):  
Karen Dynan
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Government Debt ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
Financial Conditions ◽  
The Future ◽  
Macroeconomic Growth

As we wrestle with the future of our safety net and social insurance programs, it is important to understand not only the features and outcomes associated with individual programs but also the broader economic context. This reflection piece discusses several relevant aspects of the macroeconomy and of economic and financial conditions facing households: rising government debt, slower macroeconomic growth, limited tools to fight future recessions, greater income inequality, and the financial struggles of households. It goes on to draw lessons for how we should reform our system of entitlement programs.

Fiscal Therapy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Gale
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Public Investments ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
New Public ◽  
The Future ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Federal Debt ◽  
The Government

America faces two distinct but related economic challenges. Steadily rising federal debt—largely fueled by rising healthcare costs and an aging population that will boost spending on Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid—will make it harder to grow the nation’s economy, boost living standards, respond to wars or recessions, address social needs, and maintain the US role as a global leader. At the same time, an increasingly fractured society has left many people behind and let critical investments lag, even as overall prosperity has grown. How and when US citizens address these challenges will help determine the future they build for themselves and their children. This book proposes a remedy with three core elements: controlling entitlement spending in ways that preserve and enhance the programs’ anti-poverty and social insurance roles; betting on the future by stipulating major new public investments in human and physical capital; and raising and reforming taxes to pay for government services fairly and efficiently. Together, these changes would control federal borrowing, strengthen the economy, increase opportunity, reduce inequality, and build better lives for current and future generations. There is no need to kill popular programs or starve government. Indeed, a primary goal of fiscal reform is to maintain and enhance the vital functions that government provides. The country needs to act responsibly, pay for the government it wants, and shape that government in ways that serve it best.

A Local Act for Social Insurance in the Eighteenth Century

1952 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-197
Author(s):  
B. Keith-Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
National Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Social Security ◽  
National Health ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
National Insurance ◽  
The Future

It may be that historians of the future will regard the present age as distinguished above all things by the system of social security introduced by the series of statutes which included the National Health Service Act, 1946, the National Insurance Act, 1948, and the National Assistance Act, 1948.

Time Series Analysis of the Sex Composition of the Unemployed.

1983 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 153-178
Author(s):  
S. Haberman
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Unemployment Benefit ◽  
Series Analysis ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Run Off ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Unemployed

This paper describes the use of time series analysis in the solution of a problem arising in social insurance. As part of a model which estimates the future cost of unemployment benefit the Government Actuary's Department (GAD) is required to forecast the proportion of the unemployed in future calendar quarters, who are male. The format of the paper is to describe forecasting in general terms in §1 and the particular problem under consideration in §2. In subsequent sections, the data available (§ 3), the existing forecasting model (§ 4) and alternative time series models (§§ 5–8) are described. The everyday job of the actuary involves the estimation of a future series of events. Examples include the estimation of future streams of liability outgo and asset income in life assurance, the run-off of outstanding claims in nonlife insurance, and the future numbers of persons in a subgroup of the total population. This estimation can be qualitative or quantitative, short-term or long-term, deterministic or stochastic and will involve the establishment of a mathematical-statistical model, and the determination of the relevant parameters by an analysis of the data available.

The ‘Maschinenbeitrag’ Debate in Europe: In Search of the Optimal Financing Base for Social Security

1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-60
Author(s):  
Jan Peeters
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Human Labour ◽  
The Future ◽  
Is Value

ABSTRACTIn several West European countries the way in which social security is currently financed by payroll contributions is widely criticised for its negative effects on employment and on the future stability of social security revenue. The calculation of the contributions on a broader assessment base, that is, value-added, might be a plausible alternative. Since human labour is increasingly replaced by technology, could the latter's value-added be used for financing social insurance? This article reviews the major empirical studies on the economic effects of such a rebasing to a so-called ‘Maschinenbeitrag’. It shows that the economic and budgetary benefits are very uncertain; therefore a shift towards a fiscalisation of social security financing is suggested as an alternative line of policy.

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