Measurement of Paraphotons in the Double Chooz Experiment Using Articulated Arm Calibration Methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Angus Damon
Keyword(s):  
Calibration Methods ◽  
Double Chooz

scholarly journals Space Charge Effects in Noble-Liquid Calorimeters and Time Projection Chambers

Instruments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Sandro Palestini
Keyword(s):  
Space Charge ◽  
Scaling Laws ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Space Charge Effects ◽  
Charge Effects ◽  
Time Projection Chambers ◽  
Drift Length ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
Time Projection

The subject of space charge in ionization detectors is reviewed, showing how the observations and the formalism used to describe the effects have evolved, starting with applications to calorimeters and reaching recent, large time-projection chambers. General scaling laws, and different ways to present and model the effects are presented. The relations between space-charge effects and the boundary conditions imposed on the side faces of the detector are discussed, together with a design solution that mitigates some of the effects. The implications of the relative size of drift length and transverse detector size are illustrated. Calibration methods are briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Calibration and Uncertainty Estimation for Water Content Measurement in Solids

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Aro ◽  
Mohamed Wajdi Ben Ayoub ◽  
Ivo Leito ◽  
Éric Georgin ◽  
Benoit Savanier
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Uncertainty Estimation ◽  
Multiple Point ◽  
Content Measurement ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
Vapor Analysis ◽  
Secondary Methods

AbstractIn the field of water content measurement, the calibration of coulometric methods (e.g., coulometric Karl Fischer titration or evolved water vapor analysis) is often overlooked. However, as coulometric water content measurement methods are used to calibrate secondary methods, their results must be obtained with the highest degree of confidence. The utility of calibrating such instruments has been recently demonstrated. Both single and multiple point calibration methods have been suggested. This work compares these calibration methods for the evolved water vapor analysis technique. Two uncertainty estimation approaches (Kragten’s spreadsheet and M-CARE software tool) were compared as well, both based on the ISO GUM method.

scholarly journals A Multi Camera and Multi Laser Calibration Method for 3D Reconstruction of Revolution Parts

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 765
Author(s):  
Hugo Álvarez ◽  
Marcos Alonso ◽  
Jairo R. Sánchez ◽  
Alberto Izaguirre
Keyword(s):  
3D Reconstruction ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Laser Plane ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
Laser Calibration ◽  
Calibration Object ◽  
Focus Plane ◽  
Chessboard Pattern ◽  
Line Patterns

This paper describes a method for calibrating multi camera and multi laser 3D triangulation systems, particularly for those using Scheimpflug adapters. Under this configuration, the focus plane of the camera is located at the laser plane, making it difficult to use traditional calibration methods, such as chessboard pattern-based strategies. Our method uses a conical calibration object whose intersections with the laser planes generate stepped line patterns that can be used to calculate the camera-laser homographies. The calibration object has been designed to calibrate scanners for revolving surfaces, but it can be easily extended to linear setups. The experiments carried out show that the proposed system has a precision of 0.1 mm.

scholarly journals Recent Progress of Fluxgate Magnetic Sensors: Basic Research and Application

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1500
Author(s):  
Songrui Wei ◽  
Xiaoqi Liao ◽  
Han Zhang ◽  
Jianhua Pang ◽  
Yan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Magnetic Sensor ◽  
Magnetic Sensors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
Wearable Electronic ◽  
Wearable Electronic Devices

Fluxgate magnetic sensors are especially important in detecting weak magnetic fields. The mechanism of a fluxgate magnetic sensor is based on Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction. The structure of a fluxgate magnetic sensor mainly consists of excitation windings, core and sensing windings, similar to the structure of a transformer. To date, they have been applied to many fields such as geophysics and astro-observations, wearable electronic devices and non-destructive testing. In this review, we report the recent progress in both the basic research and applications of fluxgate magnetic sensors, especially in the past two years. Regarding the basic research, we focus on the progress in lowering the noise, better calibration methods and increasing the sensitivity. Concerning applications, we introduce recent work about fluxgate magnetometers on spacecraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, wearable electronic devices and defect detection in coiled tubing. Based on the above work, we hope that we can have a clearer prospect about the future research direction of fluxgate magnetic sensor.

scholarly journals Reactor rate modulation oscillation analysis with two detectors in Double Chooz

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Abrahão ◽  
◽  
H. Almazan ◽  
J. C. dos Anjos ◽  
S. Appel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactor Power ◽  
Background Model ◽  
Fast Neutrons ◽  
Mixing Angle ◽  
Oscillation Analysis ◽  
Central Value ◽  
Double Chooz ◽  
Model Independent ◽  
Best Fit

Abstract A θ13 oscillation analysis based on the observed antineutrino rates at the Double Chooz far and near detectors for different reactor power conditions is presented. This approach provides a so far unique simultaneous determination of θ13 and the total background rates without relying on any assumptions on the specific background contributions. The analysis comprises 865 days of data collected in both detectors with at least one reactor in operation. The oscillation results are enhanced by the use of 24.06 days (12.74 days) of reactor-off data in the far (near) detector. The analysis considers the $$ {\overline{\nu}}_e $$ ν ¯ e interactions up to a visible energy of 8.5 MeV, using the events at higher energies to build a cosmogenic background model considering fast-neutrons interactions and 9Li decays. The background-model-independent determination of the mixing angle yields sin2(2θ13) = 0.094 ± 0.017, being the best-fit total background rates fully consistent with the cosmogenic background model. A second oscillation analysis is also performed constraining the total background rates to the cosmogenic background estimates. While the central value is not significantly modified due to the consistency between the reactor-off data and the background estimates, the addition of the background model reduces the uncertainty on θ13 to 0.015. Along with the oscillation results, the normalization of the anti-neutrino rate is measured with a precision of 0.86%, reducing the 1.43% uncertainty associated to the expectation.

scholarly journals Progress in Traceable Nanoscale Capacitance Measurements Using Scanning Microwave Microscopy

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 820
Author(s):  
François Piquemal ◽  
José Morán-Meza ◽  
Alexandra Delvallée ◽  
Damien Richert ◽  
Khaled Kaja
Keyword(s):  
Uncertainty Budget ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Capacitance Measurements ◽  
Uncertainty Sources ◽  
Microwave Microscopy ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
Combined Uncertainty ◽  
Calibration Samples ◽  
Scanning Microwave Microscopy

Reference samples are commonly used for the calibration and quantification of nanoscale electrical measurements of capacitances and dielectric constants in scanning microwave microscopy (SMM) and similar techniques. However, the traceability of these calibration samples is not established. In this work, we present a detailed investigation of most possible error sources that affect the uncertainty of capacitance measurements on the reference calibration samples. We establish a comprehensive uncertainty budget leading to a combined uncertainty of 3% in relative value (uncertainty given at one standard deviation) for capacitances ranging from 0.2 fF to 10 fF. This uncertainty level can be achieved even with the use of unshielded probes. We show that the weights of uncertainty sources vary with the values and dimensions of measured capacitances. Our work offers improvements on the classical calibration methods known in SMM and suggests possible new designs of reference standards for capacitance and dielectric traceable measurements. Experimental measurements are supported by numerical calculations of capacitances to reveal further paths for even higher improvements.

Stable Calibrations of Six-DOF Serial Robots by Using Identification Models with Equalized Singular Values

Robotica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Zhouxiang Jiang ◽  
Min Huang
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Robot ◽  
Singular Values ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Identification Accuracy ◽  
Condition Numbers ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
Six Dof ◽  
The Stability

SUMMARY In typical calibration methods (kinematic or non-kinematic) for serial industrial robot, though measurement instruments with high resolutions are adopted, measurement configurations are optimized, and redundant parameters are eliminated from identification model, calibration accuracy is still limited under measurement noise. This might be because huge gaps still exist among the singular values of typical identification Jacobians, thereby causing the identification models ill conditioned. This paper addresses such problem by using new identification models established in two steps. First, the typical models are divided into the submodels with truncated singular values. In this way, the unknown parameters corresponding to the abnormal singular values are removed, thereby reducing the condition numbers of the new submodels. However, these models might still be ill conditioned. Therefore, the second step is to further centralize the singular values of each submodel by using a matrix balance method. Afterward, all submodels are well conditioned and obtain much higher observability indices compared with those of typical models. Simulation results indicate that significant improvements in the stability of identification results and the identifiability of unknown parameters are acquired by using the new identification submodels. Experimental results indicate that the proposed calibration method increases the identification accuracy without incurring additional hardware setup costs to the typical calibration method.

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