Since the baby boomers generation, each new generation has seen its chances of belonging to the middle-income class fall

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Baby Boomers ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Income Class ◽  
New Generation

Profile, Gaming Usage and Purposes of Gaming of Internet Café Users in Manila

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-58
Author(s):  
Ana Clariza Natanauan ◽  
Jenmart Bonifacio ◽  
Mikael Manuel ◽  
Rex Bringula ◽  
John Benedic Enriquez
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Income Class ◽  
College Degrees ◽  
Strategy Games

This descriptive-exploratory study attempted to give the readers a portrait of cyber café gamers in Manila. It determined the profile of gamers, their gaming usage, and their purposes of cyber café gaming. Descriptive statistics revealed that most of the respondents were Manila settlers, students, pursuing or had obtained college degrees, male, young, Roman Catholic, single, belonged to middle-income class, and played games in cyber cafés in the afternoon once to twice a week. One-way chi-square showed that frequency of gaming was not equally distributed in a week and gamers showed tendency to play games in a cyber in a particular time of the day. Real-time strategy games were the most frequently played games in cyber cafés. To recreate, to relieve boredom, and to have fun were the top three reasons in playing games in cyber cafés. Conclusions and directions for future research were also presented.

scholarly journals Analysis of Inter-Temporal Change in the Energy and CO2 Emissions Efficiency of Economies: A Two Divisional Network DEA Approach

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3300
Author(s):  
Khalid Mehmood ◽  
Yaser Iftikhar ◽  
Shouming Chen ◽  
Shaheera Amin ◽  
Alia Manzoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
High Income ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Income Class ◽  
Network Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Production And Distribution

Measuring changes in energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions of various large economies is fundamental for analyzing the impact and effectiveness of various policies in this direction. This study analyzes intertemporal changes in energy and CO2 emissions efficiency of economies by applying a network data envelopment analysis approach that takes into consideration the internal structure of the analysis units. We have applied two divisional network data envelopment analysis models for analysis of the economic and distributive efficiency of economies from 2001 to 2011. The results are very useful in analyzing the situation; we found that none of the economies was efficient in both aspects in the sample period, implying that none of the countries in the analysis was efficient in the production and distribution of economic outputs simultaneously. Brazil, Canada, China and Germany showed improvement in economic efficiency but the distribution efficiency of the most of the economies is low because of the increase in population and high-income class. Most of the countries had an increase in the high-income class but China performed better in the second division because it has managed to improve its middle-income class in the recent past by moving more people from low-income class to middle income class. It is suggested that countries should emphasize on economic restructuring and expansion of the middle-income class to improve their performance in the production and distribution of economic outputs.

scholarly journals P116 SURGE: Survey of Undergraduate Respondents on Global surgery Education

BJS Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Michal Kawka
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Global Surgery ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Surgery Education ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Media Data

Abstract Introduction It is estimated that over 10% of the global burden of disease can be treated with surgery, most of which is located in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), underpinning the importance of the topic of global surgery (GS). The multidisciplinary principles of GS are increasingly recognised as being key to modern practice and as such, must be fostered at early stages of medical training. However, it is unclear whether medical students are being exposed to GS. This study aimed to assess the importance of GS and its presence in medical curricula. Methods A novel, 22-item online questionnaire was developed and disseminated to medical students and faculty members using social media. Data collection was conducted by a collaboration of medical students, who acted as regional leads at their institutions. Results 795 medical students and 141 faculty members representing 38/42 of UK medical schools (90.4%) completed the questionnaire. Only 84 students (10.6%) were previously exposed to GS. Most students (66.3%) and faculty (60.6%) agreed that GS should be an integral part of the curriculum. Only 20 students (2.5%) were or familiar with what a career in GS means. Conclusion Approximately 2/3 of students and faculty agree that global surgery should be an integral part of the mandatory curriculum. Findings of this study should underpin further incorporation of GS into curricula, as high-income countries can decisively contribute to achieving the global surgery 2030 targets, by training a new generation of clinicians who are ready for the challenges of the 21st century.

scholarly journals Income Inequality and Income-Class Consumption Patterns

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
LaVaughn M. Henry
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Income Growth ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Income Class ◽  
The Face

This Commentary investigates whether there has been a growing divergence in the consumption of luxury and necessity goods across income classes. The analysis shows that while necessities represent a majority of the consumption basket for lower and middle income quintiles, their consumption of necessities in inflation-adjusted dollars has been declining in the face of higher prices of such goods and stagnant income growth. Higher income quintiles have seen increases in their consumption of luxuries, simultaneous with a decline in their consumption of necessities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document