The status of water bodies has improved but remains an issue

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Bodies ◽  
The Status

Global Evaluation of the Status and Sustainability of Terrestrial Landscapes and Water Bodies

2020 ◽  
pp. 231-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasiliy V. Dmitriev ◽  
Vitaly V. Terleev ◽  
Aleksandr O. Nikonorov ◽  
Aleksandr N. Ogurtsov ◽  
Aleksey G. Osipov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Bodies ◽  
Global Evaluation ◽  
The Status

scholarly journals Status of drowning in Nepal: A study of central police data

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 576
Author(s):  
Bhagabati Sedain ◽  
Puspa Raj Pant
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The Public ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Police Data ◽  
The Status ◽  
Data Source

Background:  Drowning is a serious and mostly preventable injury-related cause of death. Low-and-middle income countries represent 90% of total drowning deaths worldwide. There is lack of epidemiological studies of drowning in Nepal. The aim of this paper is to describe the status of drowning in Nepal. Methods: Cases of drowning, occurring between January 2013 and December 2015 were extracted from the Daily Incident Recording System of Nepal Police. Variables on age, sex of the deceased, types of water bodies, places, season when drowning occurred and activities of deceased were extracted and descriptive analysis was done. Results: A total of 1,507 drowning cases were recorded over a 3 year period. The rate of drowning was 1.9 per 100,000 (2.95 for males and 0.92 for females). Majority of drowning occurred among males (76%) and more than half were (53%) under 20 years of age. Mostly drowning occurred in rivers (natural water bodies). The findings provide strong indication that drowning occurs throughout the year in Nepal. Children were highly vulnerable to drowning. The magnitude of drowning was found to be lower than estimated by global burden of disease (GBD) study. Conclusion: The burden of drowning in Nepal is considerable, but mostly unknown to the public. Despite only having access to a limited data source, this study provides useful evidence that comprehensive research in Nepal is needed urgently.

scholarly journals New possibilities of remote spectrometry of surface water bodies

2019 ◽  
Vol 484 (6) ◽  
pp. 750-754
Author(s):  
B. L. Sukhorukov ◽  
A. M. Nikanorov
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Visible Range ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Spectrometric Data ◽  
Structural Composition ◽  
Optical Images ◽  
The Status ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Remote Spectrometry

Article presents a new approach to the analysis of spectrometric data obtained by modern spectrometers in the visible range of wavelengths for surveys of surface water bodies. The efficiency of the new approach in the interpretation of spectrometric data in the visible range is shown with the use, proposed by us, of the space of optical images (SOI) formed by a combination of experimental and model ranges of the remote sensing reflectance (RS). The RS ranges calculated parallel to measuring the absorbance indexes in particular hydrological seasons with a known structural composition of phytoplankton permit us to gradate the SOI with respect to the structural composition of phytoplankton. The curve of the status of the ecosystem of the Don River constructed by the data of remote spectrometry shows changes in the structure of phytoplankton during the observation period.

scholarly journals Species Composition Features of Zoopankton in Mineralized Water Bodies from Specially Protected Natural Territories in Ulug-Khem Basin (Republic of Tuva)

2021 ◽  
pp. 398-414
Author(s):  
A. К. Kirova
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Natural Objects ◽  
Mineralized Water ◽  
The Status ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Specially Protected Natural Territories

The species composition of zooplankton in mineralized water bodies located in the Ulug-Khem basin (Republic of Tuva) was studied. These lakes have the status of natural monuments of regional significance. In total we recorded 53 species of microscopic Custaceans and Rotifers from 32 genera, 13 families, and 8 orders. Cladocera comprises 53% of the species. The dependence of the species diversity on the level of mineralization was revealed; 89% of the species were found in brackish water bodies. The zooplankton composition of the hyperhaline lakes Dus-Khol (Svatikovo) and Cheder has remained constant for many dozen years. The zooplankton includes some species known only from Republic of Tuva in Russia, namely, Microcyclops afganicus and Macrotrix tabrizensis. M. asiaticus and Alona irinae, rare for the fauna of Russia, live in the lake Haak-Hol. A decrease in the total numbers of zooplankton is observed in the lakes, namely: in the lake Dus-Khol, it has decreased by 4 times, in the lake Khadyn it has decreased by 10–19 times as compared to the middle of the last century. Despite the lack of intermediate information, we regard this as a consequence of anthropogenic impact. The emergence of an indicator of pollution (Brachionus nilsoni) in the lake Khadin confirms this version. At the same time, the stable finding of species rare for the fauna of Russia indicates the presence of favorable conditions for their development and life, which increases the value of the reservoirs themselves, which are already unique natural objects.

Status of Indian Wetlands With Special Reference to Pesticides and Their Impact

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-83
Author(s):  
Javid Manzoor ◽  
Manoj Sharma ◽  
Irfan Rashid Sofi ◽  
Mufida Fayaz ◽  
Musadiq Hussain Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Numerous Species ◽  
The Status ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Mangrove Trees ◽  
Harmful Effects

Wetlands are home to numerous species of fish, birds, and reptiles. The enormous roots of the mangrove trees act as shelter to small fish, reptiles, and amphibians. Pesticides and agro-chemical fertilizers have been playing a very pivotal role in the degradation of the land and the water bodies. The different herbicides that are present in wetlands are Dicamba, Endothall, MCPA, Triallate, Trifluralin, 2, 4-D, and insecticides Carbaryl, Carbofuran, Fenvalerate, Malathion, Parathion, and Terbufos. These pesticides have been provided with the aim of catering to the security of the crops which are highly vulnerable to the pests. However, harmful effects of pesticides on wetland species have been a concern for long time. Wetlands constitute one such habitat threatened by the pesticides. But there has been a lack of comprehensive research in this direction. The chapter will identify the gaps in the current research and will review the status of Indian wetlands with special reference to pesticides and their impact.

scholarly journals Fish Diversity of River Siyom of Arunachal Pradesh India: A Case Study

Our Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-169
Author(s):  
K. Bagra ◽  
D.N. Das
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Fish Diversity ◽  
Arunachal Pradesh ◽  
Fishery Resources ◽  
The Status ◽  
Social Restriction ◽  
Destructive Fishing

Arunachal Pradesh being rich in fishery resources biophysically, the status of the fish diversity is not known from all the water bodies. A case study was undertaken in the river Siyom (28°11′25′′-28°10′52′′N and 94°45′17′′-97°47′51′′E) of West Siang district, Arunachal Pradesh from 2002 to 2004 with the fragmentary work till 2007. For the purpose, sampling of fish was done from the river time to time using local contraption along with modern nets. A total of 44 species of fishes belongs to 9 families were identified. Fishes of family Cyprinidae were found to be dominant followed by Balitoridae. Some of the fish species were found very rare in the river, which may be due to various anthropogenic factors. Therefore, in addition to social restriction on community fishing some awareness measures need to be taken to prevent the destructive fishing activities in the river.DOI: 10.3126/on.v8i1.4324

scholarly journals Status of drowning in Nepal: A study of central police data

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 576
Author(s):  
Bhagabati Sedain ◽  
Puspa Raj Pant
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The Public ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Police Data ◽  
The Status ◽  
Data Source

Background:  Drowning is a serious and mostly preventable injury-related cause of death. Low-and-middle income countries represent over 90% of total drowning deaths worldwide. There is lack of epidemiological studies of drowning in Nepal. The aim of this paper is to describe the status of drowning in Nepal. Methods: Cases of drowning, occurring between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2015 were extracted from the Daily Incident Recording System of Nepal Police. Drowning cases were extracted and analysed regardless of their intent. Variables on age, sex of the deceased, types of water bodies, geographical locations, season when drowning occurred and activities of deceased were extracted and descriptive analysis was conducted. Results: A total of 1,507 drowning cases were recorded over a 3 year period. The rate of drowning was 1.9 per 100,000 (2.95 for males and 0.92 for females). Majority of drowning occurred among males (76%) and more than half were (53%) under 20 years of age. Mostly drowning occurred in rivers (natural water bodies). The findings provide strong indication that drowning occurs throughout the year in Nepal. Children were highly vulnerable to drowning. The magnitude of drowning was found to be lower than estimated by global burden of disease (GBD) study. Conclusion: The burden of drowning in Nepal is considerable, but mostly unknown to the public. Despite only having access to a limited data source, this study provides useful evidence that comprehensive research in Nepal is needed urgently.

A new case of false “wide” distribution for tropical cladocerans: the genus Notoalona Rajapaksa & Fernando, 1987 (Crustacea: Cladocera) in the Old World

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4615 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-510
Author(s):  
ANNA N. NERETINA ◽  
ALEXEY A. KOTOV ◽  
KAY VAN DAMME
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Genetics ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Tropical Asia ◽  
Tropical Water ◽  
Basal Group ◽  
African Populations ◽  
The Status ◽  
Basal Spine

Members of the genus Notoalona Rajapaksa & Fernando, 1987 (Cladocera: Chydoridae: Aloninae) are small-sized chydorids, inhabiting tropical water bodies around the World. Based on morphological features two species, N. globulosa (Daday, 1898) and N. pseudomacronyx Van Damme, Maiphae & Sa-Ardrit, 2013, were revealed in tropical Asia, but the status of African populations has remained unclear for a long time. Some authors identified African specimens as N. globulosa, others considered them as potentially new species awaiting description. Here we reexamined morphology of Notoalona populations from tropical Asia (Thailand, Laos) and Africa (Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan and Madagascar). Although parthenogenetic females from Asia and Africa are basically similar, a single stable difference was found. In N. globulosa, the length of the basal spine and claw base are almost equal to each other, while in all investigated African specimens the basal spine is two times longer than base of postabdominal claw. This feature allows us to identify African populations as N. pseudomacronyx. Length of the setules in the basal group near the postabdominal basal spine, which was previously discussed in the literature as a specific feature for African populations, in fact, is overly variable and cannot be considered as diagnostic characteristic for the description of African populations as a separate taxon. Thus, the distribution range of N. pseudomacronyx is hereby expanded from South Africa to South East Asia, while N. globulosa s.l. occupies water bodies from tropical Asia to Australia. The same distribution patterns, when sibling species occur together in tropical Asia, have been shown for some other cladocerans as well. No doubt, the Asian tropics may be a particularly interesting area for future investigations on co-occurrence of sibling cladocerans, their ecology, behavior, genetics and potential hybridization. 

Response of phytoplankton to heavy pollution of water bodies

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-280
Author(s):  
Tatyana Shevchenko ◽  
Peter Klochenko ◽  
Inna Nezbrytska
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Biomass Structure ◽  
Dominant Complex ◽  
Phytoplankton Structure ◽  
The Status ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
Heavy Pollution

AbstractPhytoplankton structure was studied in five ponds (located in the Oleksandriya Nature Park, Ukraine), which significantly differed in the level of their contamination. The concentration of ammonium (NH4+-N) in the studied water bodies was 0.02–74.00 mg l−1, of nitrite (NO2−-N) – 0.002–1.750 mg l−1, nitrate (NO3−-N) – 0.13–58.00 mg l−1, inorganic compounds of phosphorus (Pinorg) – 0.041–0.160 mg l−1, chloride (Cl−) – 35.4–560.5 mg l−1, whereas the content of organic matter (PO and DO) – 4.4–10.4 and 18.0–81.0 mg O l−1, respectively. It has been found that the response of phytoplankton to heavy pollution consisted in changes in its species richness, taxonomic structure, species composition, quantitative indices, numbers and biomass structure, dimensional structure, pigment index, dominant complex, as well as changes in its ecological spectrum. Individual divisions of algae differed in their response to heavy pollution of water bodies, which was conditioned by the specificity of algae metabolism. Bacillariophyta and Cyanoprokaryota proved to be more sensitive to contamination, whereas Chlorophyta and Euglenophyta – more tolerant. The obtained data can be used to monitor the status of water bodies and their biota and to determine the type and intensity of contamination.

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