scholarly journals Availability of analgesic opioids, 2011-13 and 2014-16

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Opioids

scholarly journals Heat Therapy to Reduce Chest-Pain Among Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS): A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aan Nur'aeni ◽  
Yanny Trisyani ◽  
Donny Nurhamsyah ◽  
Oman Hendi ◽  
Rahmalia Amni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Heat Therapy ◽  
Nonpharmacological Intervention ◽  
Analgesic Opioids

The main clinical manifestations of patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) during the acute period is chest pain. Handling complaints of pain patients with ACS definitively done with medication; however, it is possible to do additional nonpharmacological therapies to optimize the results. Nonpharmacological treatment can be performed in various ways, one of them with heat therapy. This literature review aimed to determine the use of heat therapy as an additional nonpharmacological intervention in reducing the intensity of chest pain in patients with ACS. Four electronic databases were used to carry out systematic searches on articles, namely Proquest, Science Direct, Pubmed, and CINAHL-Ebsco. The combination of keywords was "heat therapy" AND "chest pain" AND "acute coronary syndrome" NOT "Literature review" OR "Literature review" OR "Overview" OR "Systematic Review" OR "Meta-analysis." The inclusion criteria used were experimental study articles, peer-reviewed articles, and research articles written in English and performed in the period between 2014-2019. The search results obtained three articles that met the inclusion criteria and analyzed. The results of the study found that heat therapy effective in reducing the intensity of chest pain, the use of analgesic opioids, and improving the patient's hemodynamics. In conclusion, the therapy can be considered used as adjunctive therapy to reduce chest pain in patients with ACS with certain criteria. In addition, further research is also needed to see the effectiveness of this therapy if it is implemented with more frequent frequencies and compare its effectiveness in reducing chest pain if the application is given to the anterior or posterior of the chest.

scholarly journals Language competence and communication skills in 3-year-old children after prenatal exposure to analgesic opioids

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 625-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Skovlund ◽  
Marte Handal ◽  
Randi Selmer ◽  
Ragnhild Eek Brandlistuen ◽  
Svetlana Skurtveit
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Analgesic Opioids

Opioid-Like Actions of Neuropeptide Y in Rat Substantia Gelatinosa: Y1 Suppression of Inhibition and Y2 Suppression of Excitation

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 3266-3275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy D. Moran ◽  
William F. Colmers ◽  
Peter A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Substantia Gelatinosa ◽  
Inhibitory Synapses ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Release Process ◽  
Postsynaptic Currents ◽  
Y1 Receptors ◽  
Analgesic Opioids

Neuropathic pain that results from injury to the peripheral or CNS responds poorly to opioid analgesics. Y1 and Y2 receptors for neuropeptide Y (NPY) may, however, serve as targets for analgesics that retain their effectiveness in neuropathic pain states. In substantia gelatinosa neurons in spinal cord slices from adult rats, we find that NPY acts via presynaptic Y2 receptors to attenuate excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) and predominantly on presynaptic Y1 receptors to attenuate glycinergic and GABAergic inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs). Because NPY attenuates the frequency of TTX-resistant miniature EPSCs and IPSCs, perturbation of the neurotransmitter release process contributes to its actions at both excitatory and inhibitory synapses. These effects, which are reminiscent of those produced by analgesic opioids, provide a cellular basis for previously documented spinal analgesic actions mediated via Y1 and Y2 receptors in neuropathic pain paradigms. They also underline the importance of suppression of inhibition in spinal analgesic mechanisms.

Evaluation of spin in the abstracts of systematic reviews focused on analgesic opioids for non-cancer chronic pain management: A cross sectional analysis (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Analise Claassen ◽  
Jonathan Staheli ◽  
Ryan Ottwell ◽  
Wade Arthur ◽  
Will Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Cancer Pain ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Chronic Pain Management ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Study Characteristics ◽  
Analgesic Opioids

BACKGROUND Patients with chronic, non-cancer pain are frequently prescribed opioids, often due to favourable results from systematic reviews. However, even studies with high-quality evidence can suffer from spin, which includes misleading reporting, interpretation, and extrapolation of study results. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated spin in systematic review abstracts concerning analgesic opioids for non-cancer, chronic pain management and the relationship between its presence and study characteristics. METHODS We searched MEDLINE and Embase for systematic reviews pertaining to analgesic opioids for non-cancer, chronic pain management. Screening and data extraction were done in a masked, duplicate fashion. Abstracts were evaluated for the presence of the nine most-severe types of spin. RESULTS Our search returned 1,109 articles; of which, 53 systematic reviews met our eligibility criteria. We found at least one type of spin in 30.2% of the included systematic review abstracts. Spin type 5 was the most common type of spin in our sample and occurred in 17% of abstracts. Spin types 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 were not detected. Abstracts of systematic reviews published in journals that recommend PRISMA adherence were 9.33 times more likely to contain spin compared to those published in journals without specific PRISMA guidelines. The remaining study characteristics were not significantly associated with spin. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that nearly one-third of the 53 included systematic reviews contained at least one type of spin in their abstract. Based on our results, systematic reviews about managing chronic, non-cancer pain with opioids require improvements in their abstract reporting.

Screening Patients for Opioid Risk (DRAFT)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Fudin ◽  
Jacqueline Cleary ◽  
Courtney Kominek ◽  
Abigail Brooks ◽  
Thien C. Pham
Keyword(s):  
Drug Testing ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Respiratory Arrest ◽  
Opioid Therapy ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Opioid Antagonist ◽  
Opioid Overdose ◽  
Analgesic Opioids

The narrow therapeutic index associated with most analgesic opioids creates a high degree of risk, obliging caution in patient selection; this chapter describes screening practices. More attention is due to the use of opioid therapy for chronic non-cancer pain as episodes of respiratory arrest increase. Universal precautions are recommended for all patients. Before and throughout treatment, selected tools assessing risk and misuse should be employed. Increased access to the opioid antagonist naloxone has followed the increase in opioid poisoning deaths; the Risk Index for Overdose or Serious Opioid-induced Respiratory Depression (RIOSORD) helps determine the likelihood of an opioid overdose, serving to select candidates for at-home naloxone access. Urine drug testing aids treatment plan adherence. Tables include: a comparison of screening tools for risk stratification; a comparison of tools for assessment of opioid misuse; the scoring procedure for the RIOSORD; and a list of risk classes with predicted probabilities.

scholarly journals Evaluating the activity of dispensing opioid analgesic medication

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Elena DINTE ◽  
◽  
Radu BORZA ◽  
Oana MOCAN GURKA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Health Insurance System ◽  
National Health Insurance System ◽  
Time Consumption ◽  
Analgesic Medication ◽  
Analgesic Opioids ◽  
The Impact

Objectives. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the drug dispensing activity of analgesic opioids in pharmacies. Materials and methods. The study was conducted in an observational and retrospective manner, based on a questionnaire distributed in different pharmacies across Romania. Results. The dispensing activity of opioid analgesics is conducted in 71 out of the 100 pharmacies that have received the questionnaire. These pharmacies are located in 12 out of the 41 counties, mostly in the urban area and 96% of them are community pharmacies. The most prescribed and dispensed pharmaceutical forms are solid forms, the injectable products and transdermic systems being dispensed in a high percentage, up to 40% respectively, only in 25% of the questioned pharmacies. The average time spent by a pharmacist for the entire activity of dispensing an opioid analgesic prescribed by a doctor was estimated at 17.82± 0.58 minutes. Conclusions. The activity regarding opioid analgesics in the community pharmacy is limited by the low rentability, high costs and time consumption. The results of the study impose a further analysis on the impact that this service has upon public health, in order to this activity be sustained by the national health insurance system. Measures must be implemented to ensure that patients from rural or unprivileged areas are able to get their analgesics from the nearest community pharmacy constantly.

scholarly journals Correlates of extramedical use of OxyContin® versus other analgesic opioids among the US general population

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 58-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia S. Martins ◽  
Carla L. Storr ◽  
Hong Zhu ◽  
Howard D. Chilcoat
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
The Us ◽  
Analgesic Opioids
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