Postseismic deformation following the Landers earthquake, California, 28 June 1992

1994 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 780-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng-Kang Shen ◽  
David D. Jackson ◽  
Yanjie Feng ◽  
Michael Cline ◽  
Mercedes Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Rupture Zone ◽  
Postseismic Deformation ◽  
Landers Earthquake ◽  
Initial Rupture ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Strain Release ◽  
The Times

Abstract Accelerated strain followed the Landers and Big Bear earthquakes, returning to the normal rate only after a period of several months. We observed this strain throughout most of southern California using the Global Positioning System (GPS). Three GPS receivers operating continuously in fixed positions at Pinyon Flat, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (Pasadena), and Goldstone all recorded postseismic deformation in a relative sense. In addition, we established 16 sites where we deployed portable receivers occasionally over a period of about 6 months near the rupture zones of the earthquakes. Anomalous postseismic displacements ranged from 55 mm near the epicenter to a few millimeters far from the fault. We modeled the displacements, using dislocation theory, as due to variable slip on the faults that were displaced at the times of the earthquakes. The model suggests that the postseismic strain released the equivalent of about 15% of the seismic moment of the mainshock. While the strain released from the upper 10 km is about the same as what can be explained by direct effects of aftershocks, the major contribution of strain release comes from the lower layer, below 10-km depth. Significant afterslip or viscous relaxation must have occurred below 10-km depth to explain the observed deformation more than 100 km from the fault. One interpretation is that high stress on the margin of the co-seismic rupture zone drives the rupture to extend itself into urbroken rock below and along the initial rupture zone.

The co-seismic slip distribution of the Landers earthquake

1994 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 646-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Freymueller ◽  
N. E. King ◽  
P. Segall
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Slip Distribution ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Landers Earthquake ◽  
Seismic Slip ◽  
Surface Displacements ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Inversion Procedure ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Simultaneous Rupture

Abstract We derived a model for the co-seismic slip distribution on the faults which ruptured during the Landers earthquake sequence of 28 June 1992. The model is based on the inversion of surface geodetic measurements, primarily vector displacements measured using the Global Positioning System (GPS). The inversion procedure assumes that the slip distribution is to some extent smooth and purely right-lateral strike slip. For a given fault geometry, a family of solutions of varying smoothness can be generated. We choose the optimal model from this family based on cross-validation, which measures the predictive power of the data, and the trade-off of misfit and roughness. Solutions which give roughly equal weight to misfit and smoothness are preferred and have certain features in common: (1) there are two main patches of slip, on the Johnson Valley fault, and on the Homestead Valley, Emerson, and Camp Rock faults; (2) virtually all slip is in the upper 10 to 12 km; and (3) the model reproduces the general features of the geologically measured surface displacements, without prior constraints on the surface slip. In all models, regardless of smoothing, very little slip is required on the fault that represents the Big Bear event, and the total moment of the Landers event is 9 · 1019 N-m. The nearly simultaneous rupture of multiple distinct faults suggests that much of the crust in this region must have been close to failure prior to the earthquake.

GPS and GSM Based Tracking System for Objects Moving over Wide Geographical Areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Ameen ◽  
Ziad Mohammed ◽  
Abdulrahman Siddiq
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Tracking Systems ◽  
Acceptable Result ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Tracking Objects

Tracking systems of moving objects provide a useful means to better control, manage and secure them. Tracking systems are used in different scales of applications such as indoors, outdoors and even used to track vehicles, ships and air planes moving over the globe. This paper presents the design and implementation of a system for tracking objects moving over a wide geographical area. The system depends on the Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) technologies without requiring the Internet service. The implemented system uses the freely available GPS service to determine the position of the moving objects. The tests of the implemented system in different regions and conditions show that the maximum uncertainty in the obtained positions is a circle with radius of about 16 m, which is an acceptable result for tracking the movement of objects in wide and open environments.

Aplikasi Pemosisi Lokal Berbasis Android Dengan Menggunakan GPS

INTI TALAFA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaman Khaeruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Database Server ◽  
Global Positioning

Seiring dengan pesatnya kemajuan teknologi saat ini, kebutuhan manusia menjadi lebih beragam, termasuk kebutuhan akan informasi. Tidak hanya media informasinya yang semakin beragam, jenis informasi yang dibutuhkan juga semakin beragam, salah satunya adalah kebutuhan informasi akan posisi kita terhadap lingkungan sekitar. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan itu sebuah sistem pemosisi diciptakan. Sistem pemosisi yang banyak digunakan saat ini cenderung berfokus pada lingkup ruang yang besar (global) padahal, dalam lingkup ruang yang lebih kecil (lokal) sebuah sistem pemosisi juga diperlukan, seperti di ruang-ruang terbuka umum (taman atau kebun), ataupun dalam sebuah bangunan. Sistem pemosisi lokal yang ada saat ini sering kali membutuhkan infrastruktur yang mahal dalam pembangunannya. Aplikasi Pemosisi Lokal Berbasis Android dengan Menggunakan GPS ini adalah sebuah aplikasi yang dibangun untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pengguna akan informasi lokasi dan posisi mereka terhadap lingkungan di sekitarnya dalam lingkup ruang yang lebih kecil (lokal) dengan memanfaatkan perangkat GPS (Global Positioning System) yang telah tertanam dalam perangkat smartphone Android agar infrastruktur yang dibutuhkan lebih efisien. Dalam implementasinya, Aplikasi Pemosisi Lokal ini bertindak sebagai klien dengan dukungan sebuah Database Server yang berfungsi sebagai media penyimpanan data serta sumber referensi informasi yang dapat diakses melalui jaringan internet sehingga tercipta sebuah sistem yang terintegrasi secara global. Kata kunci: aplikasi, informasi, pemosisi, GPS.

The Distribution of Hospitality Services in Uyo Urban, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 137-150
Author(s):  
Violet Bassey Eneyo
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Nearest Neighbour ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Neighbour Analysis

This paper examines the distribution of hospitality services in Uyo Urban, Nigeria. GIS method was the primary tool used for data collection. A global positioning system (GPS) Garmin 60 model was used in tracking the location of 102 hospitality services in the study area. One hypothesis was stated and tested using the nearest neighbour analysis. The finding shows evidence of clustering of the various hospitality services. The tested hypothesis further indicated that hospitality services clustered in areas that guarantee a sustainable level of patronage to maximize profit. Thus, the hospitality services clustered in selected streets in the metropolis while limited numbers were found outside the city’s central area.

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