Integrating Data under the European Plate Observing System from the Regional and Selected Local Seismic Networks in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 1717-1725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Rudziński ◽  
Stanisław Lasocki ◽  
Beata Orlecka-Sikora ◽  
Jan Wiszniowski ◽  
Dorota Olszewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Anthropogenic Seismicity ◽  
Scientific Potential ◽  
Core Service ◽  
Seismic Networks ◽  
Research Facilities ◽  
Teleseismic Events ◽  
European Plate

Abstract High-quality and open-access seismic data are of great importance for both research and increasing public awareness of actual seismic hazards and risks. We present four seismic networks that currently operate in Poland: the backbone Polish Seismological Network (PLSN), which monitors natural teleseismic events as well as regional events from Poland, and three networks that mainly serve the monitoring of anthropogenic seismicity. The acquired data from all four networks are openly available through the European Plate Observing System (EPOS) Information Technology (IT) facilities: the PLSN data within the Observatories and Research Facilities for European Seismology–European Integrated Data Archive and the anthropogenic seismicity data episodes through the induced seismicity-EPOS platform of EPOS Thematic Core Service Anthropogenic Hazards. For each network, we describe briefly the recorded seismic activity, the equipment and composition of the network, the acquisition system, and the data availability. Information from recent studies is used to demonstrate the scientific potential of the acquired anthropogenic seismicity data.

scholarly journals Evidence of active magmatic rifting at the Ma’Alalta volcanic field (Afar, Ethiopia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianmaria Tortelli ◽  
Anna Gioncada ◽  
Carolina Pagli ◽  
Mauro Rosi ◽  
Laura De Dosso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Lava Flows ◽  
Magmatic Activity ◽  
Magma Storage ◽  
Plumbing System ◽  
Mafic Lava ◽  
Cinder Cones ◽  
Mafic Rocks ◽  
Seismic Networks

AbstractDuring continental rifting, strain and magmatism are believed to localize to narrow magmatic segments, while the rift margin is progressively abandoned. We integrate volcanological, geochemical, petrological and seismic data from the Ma’Alalta volcanic field (MVF) near the western margin of Afar, to show that the MVF is an active magmatic segment. Magmatism in MVF initiated with lava flows and large-volume, caldera-forming ignimbrites from a central edifice. However, the most recent magmatic activity shifted towards mafic lava fields, cinder cones and obsidian-rich silicic domes erupted from vents aligned NNW-SSE, defining a ~ 35-km-long magmatic segment. Along the same area, a NNW-SSE alignment of earthquakes was recorded by two local seismic networks (2005–2009 and 2011–2013). The geochemistry of the mafic rocks is similar to those of nearby axial volcanoes. Inferred magma storage depth from mineral geobarometry shows that a shallow, silicic chamber existed at ~ 5-km depth below the stratovolcano, while a stacked plumbing system with at least three magma storage levels between 9 and 24 km depth fed the recent basalts. We interpret the wide set of observations from the MVF as evidence that the area is an active magmatic segment, showing that localised axial extension can be heavily offset towards the rift margin.

Assessing Short‐Term Clock Errors and Drifts of Temporary Seismic Networks Using the Active Airgun Source in Binchuan, Yunnan

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 2165-2174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinzhong Jiang ◽  
Runhai Yang ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Ya Xiang ◽  
Weidong Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Matched Filter ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Filter Method ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Hardware Failure ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Station Pair ◽  
Seismic Networks

ABSTRACT We conducted a short‐term airgun experiment at the Binchuan Fixed Airgun Signal Transmission Station from 14 to 20 February 2017, and two different types of seismometers (Güralp CMG‐40T and QS05A) recorded 62 airgun shots triggered under the same conditions. However, we observed significant clock errors and drifts in seismic data recorded by four QS05A seismometers. To assess the short‐term clock errors and drifts for seismometers, we propose a new method that measures the P‐wave arrival‐time differences between airgun signals recorded at a station pair, using the matched filter method. We find ∼1.0  s absolute clock errors for two Güralp CMG‐40T stations (CKT2 and 53261) and one QS05A station (STA05), as well as ∼0.5  s timing leaps for four QS05A stations (STA19, STA21, STA31, and STA33) during the experiment. Furthermore, all the QS05A seismometers exhibit clock drifts with similar linear trends. Additionally, we use teleseismic waveforms to verify the absolute clock errors for stations CKT2, 53261, and STA05. After double‐checking several possible factors, we determine the hardware failure or malfunctioning that may cause clock errors for the two types of seismometers.

scholarly journals Seismic Phase Association Based on the Maximum Likelihood Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Hoon Sheen ◽  
Paul A. Friberg
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Method ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Earthquake Early Warning Systems ◽  
Local Earthquake ◽  
The Common ◽  
Seismic Networks ◽  
Teleseismic Events

Phase association is a process that links seismic phases triggered at the stations of a seismic network to declare the occurrence of earthquakes. During phase association, a set of phases from different stations is examined to determine the common origin of phases within a specific region, predominantly on the basis of a grid search and the sum of observations. The association of seismic phases in local earthquake monitoring systems or earthquake early warning systems is often disturbed not only by transient noises, but also by large regional or teleseismic events. To mitigate this disturbance, we developed a seismic phase association method, binder_max, which uses the maximum likelihood method to associate seismic phases. The method is based on the framework of binder_ew, the phase associator of Earthworm, but it uses a likelihood distribution of the arrival information instead of stacking arrival information. Applying binder_max to data from seismic networks of South Korea and Ohio, United States, we found a significant improvement in the robustness of the method against large regional or teleseismic events compared to binder_ew. Our results indicate that binder_max can associate seismic phases of local earthquakes to the same degree as binder_ew as well as can avoid many of the false associations that have limited binder_ew.

Reliability tests of moment tensor inversion of anthropogenic seismicity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Tymińska ◽  
Grzegorz Lizurek
Keyword(s):  
Moment Tensor ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Seismic Moment Tensor ◽  
Signal Ratio ◽  
Amplitude Inversion ◽  
Double Couple ◽  
Anthropogenic Seismicity ◽  
Determine Mechanism ◽  
Seismic Networks

<p>Seismic moment tensor becomes part of basic seismic data processing. For anthropogenic events mostly common and available method to determine mechanism is amplitude inversion. However essential for correct amplitude inversion are good quality data. Factors commonly occurring in anthropogenic seismicity like high noise to signal ratio, low magnitude and shortage of seismic stations with unfavorable focal coverage can introduce undetected errors to inversion solution. In this work, synthetic tests for two seismic networks are presented to examine the reliability of P-wave first peak amplitude inversion for these areas. The synthetic tests of the noise influence on the results of full MT solutions were carried out for two surface networks monitoring anthropogenic seismicity: VERIS network in Vietnam and LUMINEOS network in Poland. Various mechanisms with double couple component variability from 10% to 100% were considered to take into account mechanisms caused by different types of human activity. High variability of solutions in tests shows that some spurious components cannot be avoided in full moment tensor solutions obtained for presented networks in certain cases.</p><p>This work was partially supported by research project no. 2017/27/B/ST10/01267, funded by the National Science Centre, Poland, under agreement no. UMO-2017/27/B/ST10/01267.</p>

From National to Transnational Seismic Monitoring Products and Services in the Republic of Bulgaria, Republic of Moldova, Romania, and Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandru Mărmureanu ◽  
Constantin Ionescu ◽  
Bogdan Grecu ◽  
Dragos Toma-Danila ◽  
Alexandru Tiganescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Seismic Monitoring ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Waveform Data ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Crustal Earthquakes ◽  
Seismic Waveform ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Seismic Networks ◽  
Research Facilities

Abstract The aim of this article is to analyze the background, current status, and outlook of seismic monitoring products and services in Bulgaria, Moldova, Romania, and Ukraine. These countries manage seismic networks that contribute to the European Integrated Data Archive node in the framework of the Observatories and Research Facilities for European Seismology, which represents a collaborative effort in coordinating observational seismology across the European region through the collection, archiving, and dissemination of seismic waveform data, metadata, and related products. All of the aforementioned countries share a common threat: strong earthquakes occurring in the Vrancea area located in central-eastern Romania at intermediate depths (usually in the 60–180 km interval). Events such as the ones on 10 November 1940 and 4 March 1977 generated high damage in Romania, northern Bulgaria, and Moldova. In addition to Vrancea, crustal earthquakes in areas such as Shabla or Dulovo can lead to cross-border damage. Therefore, understanding the way national seismic networks are distributed, how they cooperate, and the products and services that they provide in (near) real time and their terms is of significant interest in the context of necessary hazard harmonization and joint emergency intervention and risk mitigation actions.

Harnessing AI for Health Message Generation: The Folic Acid Message Engine (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Schmaelzle ◽  
Shelby Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Successful Communication ◽  
Machine Learning Model ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Scientific Potential ◽  
B Vitamin

BACKGROUND Communication campaigns utilizing social media can raise public awareness, but they are difficult to sustain. One barrier is the need to constantly generate and post novel, yet on-topic messages, which creates a resource-intensive bottleneck. OBJECTIVE Here, we harness the latest advances in artificial intelligence (AI) to build a system that can generate a large number of candidate messages, which could be used for a campaign. The topic of folic acid, a B-vitamin that helps prevent major birth defects, serves as an example, but the system can work with other topics as well. METHODS We used the Generative-Pre-trained-Transformer-2 (GPT2) architecture, a machine learning model trained on a large natural language corpus, and fine tuned it using a dataset of auto-downloaded tweets about #folicacid. The fine tuned model was then used as a message engine, that is to create new messages about this topic. We carried out an online study to gauge how human raters evaluate the AI-generated tweet messages compared to original, human-crafted messages. RESULTS We find that the Folic Acid Message Engine can easily create several hundreds of new messages that appear natural to humans. Online raters evaluated the clarity and quality of a selected sample AI-generated tweets as on par with human-generated ones. Overall, these results show that it is feasible to use such a message engine to suggest messages for online campaigns. CONCLUSIONS The message engine can serve as a starting point for more sophisticated AI-guided message creation systems for health communication. Beyond the practical potential of such systems for campaigns in the age of social media, they also hold great scientific potential for quantitative analysis of message characteristics that promote successful communication. We discuss future developments and obvious ethical challenges that need to be addressed as AI technologies for health persuasion enter the stage.

Lessons from the 2004 Sumatra–Andaman earthquake

2006 ◽  
Vol 364 (1845) ◽  
pp. 1927-1945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroo Kanamori
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Unique Feature ◽  
Physical Size ◽  
Great Earthquakes ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
System Data ◽  
Seismic Networks ◽  
Andaman Earthquake ◽  
The Impact

The 2004 Sumatra–Andaman earthquake ( M w =9.0–9.3) is one of the greatest earthquakes ever recorded. In terms of its physical size, it is comparable to the 1960 Chilean ( M w =9.5) and the 1965 Alaskan ( M w =9.2) earthquakes. However, the damage caused by this earthquake is far greater than that caused by other great earthquakes. The 2004 Sumatra–Andaman earthquake has been studied in great detail over broad time-scales, from a fraction of seconds to hours and months, using the modern seismic data available from global seismic networks and the Global Positioning System data. We summarize the findings obtained mainly from seismic data, and discuss the unique feature of this earthquake, and possible directions of research to minimize the impact of great earthquakes on our society.

scholarly journals The Finnish National Seismic Network: Toward Fully Automated Analysis of Low-Magnitude Seismic Events

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni Veikkolainen ◽  
Jari Kortström ◽  
Tommi Vuorinen ◽  
Ilmo Salmenperä ◽  
Tuija Luhta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Background Activity ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Crystalline Bedrock ◽  
Management Concepts ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Anthropogenic Seismicity ◽  
Seismic Networks ◽  
High Level ◽  
Seismic Background

Abstract We present an overview of the seismic networks, products, and services in Finland, northern Europe, and the challenges and opportunities associated with the unique combination of prevailing crystalline bedrock, low natural intraplate seismic background activity, and a high level of anthropogenic seismicity. We introduce national and local seismic networks, explain the databases, analysis tools, and data management concepts, outline the Finnish macroseismic service, and showcase data from the 2017 M 3.3 Liminka earthquake in Ostrobothnia, Finland.

scholarly journals The Interreg IV Italia-Austria "SeismoSAT" project: connecting seismic data centers via satellite

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Pesaresi ◽  
W. Lenhardt ◽  
M. Rauch ◽  
M. Živčić ◽  
R. Steiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
Ideal Condition ◽  
Integrated Networks ◽  
Internet Connections ◽  
Seismic Networks

Abstract. Since 2002 OGS (Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale) in Udine (Italy), the Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik (ZAMG) in Vienna (Austria), and the Agencija Republike Slovenije za Okolje (ARSO) in Ljubljana (Slovenia) are using the Antelope software suite as the main tool for collecting, analyzing, archiving and exchanging seismic data in real time, initially in the framework of the EU Interreg IIIA project "Trans-national seismological networks in the South-Eastern Alps" (Bragato et al., 2004, 2010). The data exchange has proved to be effective and very useful in case of seismic events near the borders between Italy, Austria and Slovenia, where the poor single national seismic networks coverage precluded a correct localization, while the usage of common data from the integrated networks improves considerably the overall reliability of real time seismic monitoring of the area (Fig. 1). At the moment the data exchange between the seismic data centers relies on their internet connections: this however is not an ideal condition for civil protection purposes, since the reliability of standard internet connections is poor. For this reason in 2012 the Protezione Civile della Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano in Bolzano (PCBZ, Italy), OGS, ZAMG subsidiary in Tirol (ZAMG Tirol) and ARSO joined in the Interreg IV Italia-Austria Project "SeismoSAT" (Progetto SeismoSAT, 2012) aimed in connecting the seismic data centers in real time via satellite. ARSO does not belong to the Interreg Italia-Austria region: for this reason ARSO joined the SeismoSAT project as an "associated partner", which, according to Interreg rules can not be funded. ARSO participation in the project is therefore at the beginning limited in benefiting only indirectly from improvement in the robustness of the data exchange between the other data centers, while eventually fully taking part in the project if other sources of funding will be available. The project is in a preliminary phase: the general schema of the project, including first data bandwidth estimates and a possible architecture are here illustrated.

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