scholarly journals Finite-Fault Rupture Detector (FinDer): Going Real-Time in CalifornianShakeAlertWarning System

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 1692-1704 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Böse ◽  
C. Felizardo ◽  
T. H. Heaton
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Fault Rupture ◽  
Finite Fault

scholarly journals Real-time Finite Fault Rupture Detector (FinDer) for large earthquakes

2012 ◽  
Vol 191 (2) ◽  
pp. 803-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maren Böse ◽  
Thomas H. Heaton ◽  
Egill Hauksson
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Fault Rupture ◽  
Finite Fault ◽  
Large Earthquakes

Estimating Rupture Dimensions of Three Major Earthquakes in Sichuan, China, for Early Warning and Rapid Loss Estimates

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 920-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawei Li ◽  
Maren Böse ◽  
Max Wyss ◽  
David J. Wald ◽  
Alexandra Hutchison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Line Source ◽  
Source Parameters ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Fault Rupture ◽  
S Wave ◽  
Finite Fault ◽  
Source Models

ABSTRACT Large earthquakes, such as Wenchuan in 2008, Mw 7.9, Sichuan, China, provide an opportunity for earthquake early warning (EEW), as many heavily shaken areas are far (∼50  km) from the epicenter and warning times could be sufficient (≥5  s) to take preventive action. On the other hand, earthquakes with magnitudes larger than ∼M 6.5 are challenging for EEW because source dimensions need to be defined to adequately estimate shaking. Finite-fault rupture detector (FinDer) is an approach to identify fault rupture extents from real-time seismic records. In this study, we playback local and regional onscale strong-motion waveforms of the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan, 2013 Mw 6.6 Lushan, and 2017 Mw 6.5 Jiuzhaigou earthquakes to study the performance of FinDer for the current layout of the China Strong Motion Network. Overall, the FinDer line-source models agree well with the observed spatial distribution of aftershocks and models determined from waveform inversion. However, because FinDer models are constructed to characterize seismic ground motions (as needed for EEW) instead of source parameters, the rupture length can be overestimated for events radiating high levels of high-frequency motions. If the strong-motion data used had been available in real time, 50%–80% of sites experiencing intensity modified Mercalli intensity IV–VII (light to very strong) and 30% experiencing VIII–IX (severe to violent) could have been issued a warning with 10 and 5 s, respectively, before the arrival of the S wave. We also show that loss estimates based on the FinDer line source are more accurate compared to point-source models. For the Wenchuan earthquake, for example, they predict a four to six times larger number of fatalities and injured, which is consistent with official reports. These losses could be provided 1/2∼3  hr faster than if they were based on more complex inversion rupture models.

scholarly journals The 25 October 2010 Mentawai tsunami earthquake, from real-time discriminants, finite-fault rupture, and tsunami excitation

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew V. Newman ◽  
Gavin Hayes ◽  
Yong Wei ◽  
Jaime Convers
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Fault Rupture ◽  
Finite Fault ◽  
Tsunami Earthquake

scholarly journals Status of Earthquake Early Warning in Switzerland

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédérick Massin ◽  
John Clinton ◽  
Maren Böse
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Seismic Network ◽  
Earthquake Early Warning ◽  
Fault Rupture ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Origin Time ◽  
P Waves ◽  
Finite Fault

The Swiss Seismological Service (SED) at ETH has been developing methods and open-source software for Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) for more than a decade and has been using SeisComP for earthquake monitoring since 2012. The SED has built a comprehensive set of SeisComP modules that can provide EEW solutions in a quick and transparent manner by any seismic service operating SeisComP. To date, implementations of the Virtual Seismologist (VS) and Finite-Fault Rupture Detector (FinDer) EEW algorithms are available. VS provides rapid EEW magnitudes building on existing SeisComP detection and location modules for point-source origins. FinDer matches growing patterns of observed high-frequency seismic acceleration amplitudes with modeled templates to identify rupture extent, and hence can infer on-going finite-fault rupture in real-time. Together these methods can provide EEW for all event dimensions from moderate to great, if a high quality, EEW-ready, seismic network is available. In this paper, we benchmark the performance of this SeisComP-based EEW system using recent seismicity in Switzerland. Both algorithms are observed to be similarly fast and can often produce first EEW alerts within 4–6 s of origin time. In real time performance, the median delay for the first VS alert is 8.7 s after origin time (56 earthquakes since 2014, from M2.7 to M4.6), and 7 s for FinDer (10 earthquakes since 2017, from M2.7 to M4.3). The median value for the travel time of the P waves from event origin to the fourth station accounts for 3.5 s of delay; with an additional 1.4 s for real-time data sample delays. We demonstrate that operating two independent algorithms provides redundancy and tolerance to failures of a single algorithm. This is documented with the case of a moderate M3.9 event that occured seconds after a quarry blast, where picks from both events produced a 4 s delay in the pick-based VS, while FinDer performed as expected. Operating on the Swiss Seismic Network, that is being continuously optimised for EEW, the SED-ETHZ SeisComP EEW system is achieving performance that is comparable to operational EEW systems around the world.

scholarly journals Real-time inversion of GPS data for finite fault modeling and rapid hazard assessment

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan W. Crowell ◽  
Yehuda Bock ◽  
Diego Melgar
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Fault Modeling ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Time Inversion ◽  
Finite Fault

scholarly journals Real-time inversions for finite fault slip models and rupture geometry based on high-rate GPS data

2014 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 3201-3231 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Minson ◽  
Jessica R. Murray ◽  
John O. Langbein ◽  
Joan S. Gomberg
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Fault Slip ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Finite Fault

scholarly journals Speeding up and boosting tsunami warning in Chile

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Fuentes ◽  
Sebastian Arriola ◽  
Sebastian Riquelme ◽  
Bertrand Delouis
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Linear Method ◽  
Seismic Energy ◽  
Fault Model ◽  
Tsunami Forecast ◽  
Finite Fault ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Finite Fault Model ◽  
Chile Tsunami

Abstract. Chile host a great tsunamigenic potential along its coast, even with the large earthquakes occurred during the last decade, there is still a large amount of seismic energy to release. This permanent feature and the fact that the distance between the trench and the coast is just 100 km creates a difficult environment to do real time tsunami forecast. In Chile tsunami warnings are based on reports of the seismic events (hypocenter and magnitude) and a database of precomputed tsunami scenarios. However, because yet there is no answer to image the finite fault model within first minutes (before the first tsunami wave arrival), the precomputed scenarios consider uniform slip distributions. Here, we propose a scheme of processes to fill the gaps in-between blind zones due to waiting of demanding computational stages. The linear shallow water equations are solved to obtain a rapid estimation of the run-up distribution in the near field. Our results show that this linear method captures most of the complexity of the run-up heights in terms of shape and amplitude when compared with a fully non-linear tsunami code. Also, the run-up distribution is obtained in quasi real-time as soon as the seismic finite fault model is produced.

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