Impact of Magnitude Selection on Aleatory Variability Associated with Ground‐Motion Prediction Equations: Part I—Local, Energy, and Moment Magnitude Calibration and Stress‐Drop Variability in Central Italy

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (3A) ◽  
pp. 1427-1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Bindi ◽  
D. Spallarossa ◽  
M. Picozzi ◽  
D. Scafidi ◽  
F. Cotton
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Stress Drop ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Moment Magnitude ◽  
Motion Prediction ◽  
Local Energy ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction Equations ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction ◽  
Aleatory Variability

scholarly journals What is the impact of the August 24, 2016 Amatrice earthquake on the seismic hazard assessment in central Italy?

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maura Murru ◽  
Matteo Taroni ◽  
Aybige Akinci ◽  
Giuseppe Falcone
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Motion Prediction ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction Equations ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction ◽  
The Impact

<p>The recent Amatrice strong event (M<sub>w</sub>6.0) occurred on August 24, 2016 in Central Apennines (Italy) in a seismic gap zone, motivated us to study and provide better understanding of the seismic hazard assessment in the macro area defined as “Central Italy”. The area affected by the sequence is placed between the M<sub>w</sub>6.0 1997 Colfiorito sequence to the north (Umbria-Marche region) the Campotosto area hit by the 2009 L’Aquila sequence M<sub>w</sub>6.3 (Abruzzo region) to the south. The Amatrice earthquake occurred while there was an ongoing effort to update the 2004 seismic hazard map (MPS04) for the Italian territory, requested in 2015 by the Italian Civil Protection Agency to the Center for Seismic Hazard (CPS) of the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia INGV. Therefore, in this study we brought to our attention new earthquake source data and recently developed ground-motion prediction equations (GMPEs). Our aim was to validate whether the seismic hazard assessment in this area has changed with respect to 2004, year in which the MPS04 map was released. In order to understand the impact of the recent earthquakes on the seismic hazard assessment in central Italy we compared the annual seismic rates calculated using a smoothed seismicity approach over two different periods; the Parametric Catalog of the Historical Italian earthquakes (CPTI15) from 1871 to 2003 and the historical and instrumental catalogs from 1871 up to 31 August 2016. Results are presented also in terms of peak ground acceleration (PGA), using the recent ground-motion prediction equations (GMPEs) at Amatrice, interested by the 2016 sequence.</p>

When Source and Path Components Trade-Off in Ground-Motion Prediction Equations

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 2259-2267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemarie S. Baltay ◽  
Lauren S. Abrahams ◽  
Thomas C. Hanks
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Stress Drop ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Motion Prediction ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction Equations ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Motion Models ◽  
Ground Motion Models

Abstract Current research on ground-motion models (also known as ground-motion prediction equations [GMPEs]) and their uncertainties focus on the separate contributions of source, path, and site to both median values and their variability. Implicit here is the assumption that the event term, path term, and site term reflect only properties of the source, path, and site, respectively. Events with larger stress drop generate more high-frequency energy, and thus more ground motion. Therefore, the correlation of high-frequency (i.e., peak ground acceleration [PGA] or peak ground velocity [PGV]) event terms in GMPEs with stress drop is taken to be genuine. However, PGA and PGV ground-motion observations of the 2014 M 6.0 South Napa, California, earthquake clearly violate these assumptions. For this earthquake, high-frequency ground-motion residuals of recorded ground motion with respect to Next Generation Attenuation-West2 Project (NGA-West2) ground-motion models show a dependence on distance, biasing the calculation of the event term by incorrectly mapping a regional attenuation effect into it. We examine the trade-off between source and path effects for the South Napa earthquake and a well-recorded California subset of the NGA-West2 data. We fit near-source (i.e., within 20 or 50 km) event terms and remaining differential geometrical spreading and anelastic attenuation terms in comparison to a simultaneous inversion for the source and path terms. This South Napa instance highlights one situation for which the high-frequency event term can be interpreted as relative stress drop only when the distance dependence of the ground motions does not bias the residuals.

Moment Magnitude Estimation of Large Earthquakes Based on Long-Period Ground Motion Prediction Equations and Preassumed Fault Models

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 1640004
Author(s):  
Rami Ibrahim ◽  
Hongjun Si ◽  
Kazuki Koketsu ◽  
Hiroe Miyake
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Moment Magnitude ◽  
Motion Prediction ◽  
Fault Models ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction Equations ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Large Earthquakes

We proposed a simple method of moment magnitude estimation based on long-period (5–30[Formula: see text]s) ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs). We constructed empirical fault models for different trial magnitudes. The source-to-site distance from the preassumed fault models to seismic stations was estimated. The best magnitude estimate was determined with reference to the minimum residual between the magnitude estimated from the GMPEs and the trial magnitude used to define the fault model. Using this method, the moment magnitudes of six large interplate earthquakes that occurred around the Japan Islands were estimated. The estimated magnitudes obtained in this study are in good agreement with those calculated from the global centroid moment tensor project. The method has potential to be used for rapid moment magnitude estimation of large earthquakes.

scholarly journals Ground Motion Prediction Equations for Malaysia Due to Subduction Zone Earthquakes in Sumatran Region

IEEE Access ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 23920-23937
Author(s):  
M. S. Liew ◽  
Kamaluddeen Usman Danyaro ◽  
Mazlina Mohamad ◽  
Lim Eu Shawn ◽  
Aziz Aulov
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Motion Prediction ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction Equations ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction ◽  
Subduction Zone Earthquakes

scholarly journals Ground motions in urban Los Angeles from the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence

2021 ◽  
pp. 875529302110039
Author(s):  
Filippos Filippitzis ◽  
Monica D Kohler ◽  
Thomas H Heaton ◽  
Robert W Graves ◽  
Robert W Clayton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Earthquake Sequence ◽  
Motion Prediction ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction Equations ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction ◽  
Velocity Models ◽  
Spectral Accelerations

We study ground-motion response in urban Los Angeles during the two largest events (M7.1 and M6.4) of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence using recordings from multiple regional seismic networks as well as a subset of 350 stations from the much denser Community Seismic Network. In the first part of our study, we examine the observed response spectral (pseudo) accelerations for a selection of periods of engineering significance (1, 3, 6, and 8 s). Significant ground-motion amplification is present and reproducible between the two events. For the longer periods, coherent spectral acceleration patterns are visible throughout the Los Angeles Basin, while for the shorter periods, the motions are less spatially coherent. However, coherence is still observable at smaller length scales due to the high spatial density of the measurements. Examining possible correlations of the computed response spectral accelerations with basement depth and Vs30, we find the correlations to be stronger for the longer periods. In the second part of the study, we test the performance of two state-of-the-art methods for estimating ground motions for the largest event of the Ridgecrest earthquake sequence, namely three-dimensional (3D) finite-difference simulations and ground motion prediction equations. For the simulations, we are interested in the performance of the two Southern California Earthquake Center 3D community velocity models (CVM-S and CVM-H). For the ground motion prediction equations, we consider four of the 2014 Next Generation Attenuation-West2 Project equations. For some cases, the methods match the observations reasonably well; however, neither approach is able to reproduce the specific locations of the maximum response spectral accelerations or match the details of the observed amplification patterns.

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