The 1868 Hayward Fault, California, Earthquake: Implications for Earthquake Scaling Relations on Partially Creeping Faults

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. 2894-2909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Hough ◽  
Stacey S. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Scaling Relations ◽  
Earthquake Scaling

Toward a physical undenstanding of earthquake scaling relations

1996 ◽  
Vol 146 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 661-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. -M. Yin ◽  
G. C. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Scaling Relations ◽  
Earthquake Scaling

scholarly journals The merger-driven evolution of massive early-type galaxies

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (S359) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Carlo Cannarozzo ◽  
Carlo Nipoti ◽  
Alessandro Sonnenfeld ◽  
Alexie Leauthaud ◽  
Song Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Velocity ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Velocity Dispersion ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Scaling Relations ◽  
Early Type ◽  
History Of ◽  
Kinematic Properties ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractThe evolution of the structural and kinematic properties of early-type galaxies (ETGs), their scaling relations, as well as their stellar metallicity and age contain precious information on the assembly history of these systems. We present results on the evolution of the stellar mass-velocity dispersion relation of ETGs, focusing in particular on the effects of some selection criteria used to define ETGs. We also try to shed light on the role that in-situ and ex-situ stellar populations have in massive ETGs, providing a possible explanation of the observed metallicity distributions.

scholarly journals Testing the star formation scaling relations in the clumps of the North American and Pelican nebulae cloud complex

2020 ◽  
Vol 500 (3) ◽  
pp. 3123-3141
Author(s):  
Swagat R Das ◽  
Jessy Jose ◽  
Manash R Samal ◽  
Shaobo Zhang ◽  
Neelam Panwar
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Surface Density ◽  
Star Formation Rate ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Free Fall ◽  
Scaling Relations ◽  
Time Model ◽  
Fall Time ◽  
The North ◽  
Crossing Time

ABSTRACT The processes that regulate star formation within molecular clouds are still not well understood. Various star formation scaling relations have been proposed as an explanation, one of which is to formulate a relation between the star formation rate surface density $\rm \Sigma _{SFR}$ and the underlying gas surface density $\rm \Sigma _{gas}$. In this work, we test various star formation scaling relations, such as the Kennicutt–Schmidt relation, the volumetric star formation relation, the orbital time model, the crossing time model and the multi free-fall time-scale model, towards the North American Nebula and Pelican Nebula and in the cold clumps associated with them. Measuring stellar mass from young stellar objects and gaseous mass from CO measurements, we estimate the mean $\rm \Sigma _{SFR}$, the star formation rate per free-fall time and the star formation efficiency for clumps to be 1.5 $\rm M_{\odot}\, yr^{-1}\, kpc^{-2}$, 0.009 and 2.0 per cent, respectively, while for the whole region covered by both nebulae (which we call the ‘NAN’ complex) the values are 0.6 $\rm M_{\odot}\, yr^{-1}\, kpc^{-2}$, 0.0003 and 1.6 per cent, respectively. For the clumps, we notice that the observed properties are in line with the correlation obtained between $\rm \Sigma _{SFR}$ and $\rm \Sigma _{gas}$, and between $\rm \Sigma _{SFR}$ and $\rm \Sigma _{gas}$ per free-fall time and orbital time for Galactic clouds. At the same time, we do not observe any correlation with $\rm \Sigma _{gas}$ per crossing time and multi free-fall time. Even though we see correlations in the former cases, however, all models agree with each other within a factor of 0.5 dex. It is not possible to discriminate between these models because of the current uncertainties in the input observables. We also test the variation of $\rm \Sigma _{SFR}$ with the dense gas but, because of low statistics, a weak correlation is seen in our analysis.

An accreting < 105M⊙ black hole at the center of dwarf galaxy IC750

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (S356) ◽  
pp. 376-376
Author(s):  
Ingyin Zaw
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Dwarf Galaxies ◽  
Dwarf Galaxy ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
Scaling Relations ◽  
Host Galaxies ◽  
Seed Formation ◽  
Maser Emission ◽  
Water Masers

AbstractNuclear black holes in dwarf galaxies are important for understanding the low end of the supermassive black hole mass distribution and the black hole-host galaxy scaling relations. IC 750 is a rare system which hosts an AGN, found in ˜0.5% of dwarf galaxies, with circumnuclear 22 GHz water maser emission, found in ˜3–5% of Type 2 AGNs. Water masers, the only known tracer of warm, dense gas in the center parsec of AGNs resolvable in position and velocity, provide the most precise and accurate mass measurements of SMBHs outside the local group. We have mapped the maser emission in IC 750 and find that it traces a nearly edge-on warped disk, 0.2 pc in diameter. The central black hole has an upper limit mass of ˜1 × 105 M⊙ and a best fit mass of ˜8 × 104 M⊙, one to two orders of magnitude below what is expected from black hole-galaxy scaling relations. This has implications for models of black hole seed formation in the early universe, the growth of black holes, and their co-evolution with their host galaxies.

scholarly journals Feeding and feedback from little monsters: AGN in dwarf galaxies

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (S359) ◽  
pp. 238-242
Author(s):  
Mar Mezcua
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Early Universe ◽  
Dwarf Galaxies ◽  
Scaling Relations ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Hole Formation ◽  
Intermediate Mass ◽  
Black Hole Formation ◽  
Low Mass

AbstractDetecting the seed black holes from which quasars formed is extremely challenging; however, those seeds that did not grow into supermassive should be found as intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) of 100 – 105 M⊙ in local dwarf galaxies. The use of deep multiwavelength surveys has revealed that a population of actively accreting IMBHs (low-mass AGN) exists in dwarf galaxies at least out to z ˜3. The black hole occupation fraction of these galaxies suggests that the early Universe seed black holes formed from direct collapse of gas, which is reinforced by the possible flattening of the black hole-galaxy scaling relations at the low-mass end. This scenario is however challenged by the finding that AGN feedback can have a strong impact on dwarf galaxies, which implies that low-mass AGN in dwarf galaxies might not be the untouched relics of the early seed black holes. This has important implications for seed black hole formation models.

scholarly journals Shifting the scaling relations of single-atom catalysts for facile methane activation by tuning the coordination number

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhyeok Choi ◽  
Sungho Yoon ◽  
Yousung Jung
Keyword(s):  
Transition State ◽  
Coordination Number ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Methane Activation ◽  
Single Atom ◽  
Scaling Relations ◽  
Scaling Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

The scaling relationship of methane activation via a radical-like transition state shifts toward a more reactive region with decreasing coordination number of the active sites.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document