Evaluation of Evidence for Inhibition of Very Strong Ground Motions in the Abrahamson and Silva Next Generation Attenuation Ground-Motion Model

2010 ◽  
Vol 100 (5A) ◽  
pp. 2174-2184 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Abrahamson ◽  
K. Wooddell
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Strong Ground Motions ◽  
Ground Motion Model ◽  
Evaluation Of Evidence ◽  
Strong Ground

An Empirical Model to Predict Topographic Effects in Strong Ground Motion Using California Small- to Medium-Magnitude Earthquake Database

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 1033-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Rai ◽  
Adrian Rodriguez-Marek ◽  
Alan Yong
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Topographic Effects ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motions ◽  
Ground Motion Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
A Site ◽  
Strong Ground

We develop a model to predict the effects of topography on earthquake ground motions using a database of small- to medium-magnitude earthquakes from California. The proposed model relies on a parameter called relative elevation that quantifies topography using the elevation of a site relative to its surroundings. We also investigate an alternative parameterization of topography called smoothed curvature. We study the bias in the residuals from the Chiou et al. (2010) ground motion model with respect to these parameters and fit a model to remedy those biases. We then compare these models by assessing their goodness of fit to the data. The proposed model for topographic effects is intended as a correction to the Chiou et al. (2010) small- to medium-magnitude earthquake prediction model.

scholarly journals Simulation of non-stationary stochastic ground motions based on recent Italian earthquakes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Sabetta ◽  
Antonio Pugliese ◽  
Gabriele Fiorentino ◽  
Giovanni Lanzano ◽  
Lucia Luzi
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Stochastic Simulations ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Arias Intensity ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Ground Motion Model ◽  
Ground Motion Records

AbstractThis work presents an up-to-date model for the simulation of non-stationary ground motions, including several novelties compared to the original study of Sabetta and Pugliese (Bull Seism Soc Am 86:337–352, 1996). The selection of the input motion in the framework of earthquake engineering has become progressively more important with the growing use of nonlinear dynamic analyses. Regardless of the increasing availability of large strong motion databases, ground motion records are not always available for a given earthquake scenario and site condition, requiring the adoption of simulated time series. Among the different techniques for the generation of ground motion records, we focused on the methods based on stochastic simulations, considering the time- frequency decomposition of the seismic ground motion. We updated the non-stationary stochastic model initially developed in Sabetta and Pugliese (Bull Seism Soc Am 86:337–352, 1996) and later modified by Pousse et al. (Bull Seism Soc Am 96:2103–2117, 2006) and Laurendeau et al. (Nonstationary stochastic simulation of strong ground-motion time histories: application to the Japanese database. 15 WCEE Lisbon, 2012). The model is based on the S-transform that implicitly considers both the amplitude and frequency modulation. The four model parameters required for the simulation are: Arias intensity, significant duration, central frequency, and frequency bandwidth. They were obtained from an empirical ground motion model calibrated using the accelerometric records included in the updated Italian strong-motion database ITACA. The simulated accelerograms show a good match with the ground motion model prediction of several amplitude and frequency measures, such as Arias intensity, peak acceleration, peak velocity, Fourier spectra, and response spectra.

Conditional Ground-Motion Model for Damaging Characteristics of Near-Fault Ground Motions Based on Instantaneous Power

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 2828-2842
Author(s):  
Esra Zengin ◽  
Norman Abrahamson
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Spectral Acceleration ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Velocity Pulse ◽  
Near Fault ◽  
Instantaneous Power ◽  
Ground Motion Model ◽  
Short Time

ABSTRACT The velocity pulse in near-fault ground motions has been used as a key characteristic of damaging ground motions. Characterization of the velocity pulse involves three parameters: presence of the pulse, period of the pulse, and amplitude of the pulse. The basic concept behind the velocity pulse is that a large amount of seismic energy is packed into a short time, leading to larger demands on the structure. An intensity measure for near-fault ground motions, which is a direct measure of the amount of energy arriving in short time, called instantaneous power (IP (T1)), is defined as the maximum power of the bandpass-filtered velocity time series measured over a time interval of 0.5T1, in which T1 is the fundamental period of the structure. The records are bandpass filtered in the period band (0.2T1−3T1) to remove the frequencies that are not expected to excite the structure. Zengin and Abrahamson (2020) showed that the drift is better correlated with the IP (T1) than with the velocity pulse parameters for records scaled to the same spectral acceleration at T1. A conditional ground-motion model (GMM) for the IP is developed based on the 5%-damped spectral acceleration at T1, the earthquake magnitude, and the rupture distance. This conditional GMM can be used for record selection for near-fault ground motions that captures the key features of velocity pulses and can lead to a better representation of the median and variability of the maximum interstory drift. The conditional GMM can also be used in a vector hazard analysis for spectral acceleration (T1) and IP (T1) that can be used for more accurate estimation of drift hazard and seismic risk.

Ground Motion Model for Small-to-Moderate Earthquakes in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Zalachoris ◽  
Ellen M. Rathje
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Induced Seismicity ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Site Amplification ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Ground Motion Model ◽  
Magnitude Scaling ◽  
Proposed Model

A ground motion model (GMM) tuned to the characteristics of the observed, and potentially induced, seismicity in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas is developed using a database of 4,528 ground motions recorded during 376 events of Mw > 3.0 in the region. The GMM is derived using the referenced empirical approach with an existing Central and Eastern North America model as the reference GMM and is applicable for Mw = 3.0–5.8 and hypocentral distances less than 500 km. The proposed model incorporates weaker magnitude scaling than the reference GMM for periods less than about 1.0 s, resulting in smaller predicted ground motions at larger magnitudes. The proposed model predicts larger response spectral accelerations at short hypocentral distances (≤20 km), which is likely because of the shallow hypocenters of events in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas. Finally, the VS30 scaling for the newly developed model predicts less amplification at VS30 < 600 m/s than the reference GMM, which is likely because of the generally thinner sediments in the study area. This finding is consistent with recent studies regarding site amplification in Central and Eastern North America.

A Ground-Motion Logic-Tree Scheme for Regional Seismic Hazard Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 837-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özkan Kale ◽  
Sinan Akkar
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Motion Prediction ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction Equations ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction ◽  
Logic Tree ◽  
Ground Motion Model ◽  
The One

We propose a methodology that can be useful to the hazard expert in building ground-motion logic trees to capture the center and range of ground-motion amplitudes. The methodology can be used to identify a logic-tree structure and weighting scheme that prevents the dominancy of a specific ground-motion model. This strategy can be useful for regional probabilistic seismic hazard since logic-trees biased by a specific ground-motion predictive model (GMPE) may cause disparities in the seismic hazard for regions represented by large number of sites with complex seismic features. The methodology first identifies a suit of candidate ground-motion prediction equations that can cover the center, body and range of estimated ground motions. The GMPE set is then used for establishing alternative logic-trees composed of different weighting schemes to identify the one(s) that would not be biased towards a particular GMPE due to its sensitivity to the weights. The proposed methodology utilizes visual and statistical tools to assess the ground motion distributions over large areas that makes it more practical for regional hazard studies.

STOCHASTIC SEISMIC RESPONSE OF BASE-ISOLATED BUILDINGS

2013 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350006 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. JACOB ◽  
K. SEPAHVAND ◽  
V. A. MATSAGAR ◽  
S. MARBURG
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Stochastic Response ◽  
Ground Motion Model ◽  
Stochastic Seismic Response

The stochastic response of base-isolated building considering the uncertainty in the characteristics of the earthquakes is investigated. For this purpose, a probabilistic ground motion model, for generating artificial earthquakes is developed. The model is based upon a stochastic ground motion model which has separable amplitude and spectral non-stationarities. An extensive database of recorded earthquake ground motions is created. The set of parameters required by the stochastic ground motion model to depict a particular ground motion is evaluated for all the ground motions in the database. Probability distributions are created for all the parameters. Using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, the set of parameters required by the stochastic ground motion model to simulate ground motions is obtained from the distributions and ground motions. Further, the bilinear model of the isolator described by its characteristic strength, post-yield stiffness and yield displacement is used, and the stochastic response is determined by using an ensemble of generated earthquakes. A parametric study is conducted for the various characteristics of the isolator. This study presents an approach for stochastic seismic response analysis of base-isolated building considering the uncertainty involved in the earthquake ground motion.

The Simulation of Strong Ground Motion Using Empirical Green Function and Stochastic Method for Southern Taiwan Area

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsung-Jen Teng ◽  
Pei-Ting Chen ◽  
Ting-Wei Chang ◽  
Yuan-Sen Yang ◽  
Chien-Kuo Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Function ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Strong Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Large Earthquake ◽  
Green Function Method ◽  
Strong Ground Motions ◽  
Empirical Green Function ◽  
Southern Taiwan ◽  
Strong Ground

This study presents strong ground motion simulation methods for the future fragility study of a power plant in Southern Taiwan. The modified stochastic method and empirical Green function method are utilized to synthesize the strong ground motions of specific events. A modified physical random function model of strong ground motions for specific sites and events is presented in this study with verification of sample level. Based on the special models of the source, path, and local site, the random variables of the physical random function of strong ground motions is obtained. The inverse Fourier transform is used to simulate strong ground motions. For the empirical Green function method, the observed site records from small earthquake events occurring around the source area of a large earthquake are collected to simulate the broadband strong ground motion from a large earthquake event. Finally, an application of proposed two simulated methods of this study for simulating the ground motion records of Nishi-Akashi Station at 1995 Kobe earthquake and 2006 Southern Taiwan PingDong earthquake are presented.

On the Seismic Response of the Faculty of Architecture and Engineering Building at Tohoku University

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 523-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Enrique Villalobos ◽  
Santiago Pujol ◽  
Hamood Al-Washali ◽  
Kazuki Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Strong Ground Motions ◽  
First Motion ◽  
Strong Ground

The Faculty of Architecture and Engineering Building at Tohoku University survived two strong ground motions. This is not surprising because the structure was stiff and strong. What is surprising is that the first ground motion did not cause severe structural damage but the second one caused so much structural damage that the building had to be evacuated and demolished. The damage occurred despite two key facts: (1) the intensities of the mentioned ground motions are understood to have been similar and (2) the building was strengthened after the first motion (and before the second) following stringent standards.

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