Recurrence Time Distributions of Large Earthquakes in a Stochastic Model for Coupled Fault Systems: The Role of Fault Interaction

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 1679-1687 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Zoller ◽  
S. Hainzl
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Recurrence Time ◽  
Fault Interaction ◽  
Fault Systems ◽  
Large Earthquakes

scholarly journals The Role of Faults in Groundwater Circulation before and after Seismic Events: Insights from Tracers, Water Isotopes and Geochemistry

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1499
Author(s):  
Davide Fronzi ◽  
Francesco Mirabella ◽  
Carlo Cardellini ◽  
Stefano Caliro ◽  
Stefano Palpacelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preferential Flow ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Tracer Tests ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Tectonic Structures ◽  
Fault Systems ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Before And After

The interaction between fluids and tectonic structures such as fault systems is a much-discussed issue. Many scientific works are aimed at understanding what the role of fault systems in the displacement of deep fluids is, by investigating the interaction between the upper mantle, the lower crustal portion and the upraising of gasses carried by liquids. Many other scientific works try to explore the interaction between the recharge processes, i.e., precipitation, and the fault zones, aiming to recognize the function of the abovementioned structures and their capability to direct groundwater flow towards preferential drainage areas. Understanding the role of faults in the recharge processes of punctual and linear springs, meant as gaining streams, is a key point in hydrogeology, as it is known that faults can act either as flow barriers or as preferential flow paths. In this work an investigation of a fault system located in the Nera River catchment (Italy), based on geo-structural investigations, tracer tests, geochemical and isotopic recharge modelling, allows to identify the role of the normal fault system before and after the 2016–2017 central Italy seismic sequence (Mmax = 6.5). The outcome was achieved by an integrated approach consisting of a structural geology field work, combined with GIS-based analysis, and of a hydrogeological investigation based on artificial tracer tests and geochemical and isotopic analyses.

The role of frictional plasticity in the evolution of normal fault systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 122-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Dempsey ◽  
Susan M. Ellis ◽  
Julie V. Rowland ◽  
Rosalind A. Archer
Keyword(s):  
Normal Fault ◽  
Fault Systems

scholarly journals Instability of CII is needed for efficient switching between lytic and lysogenic development in bacteriophage 186

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (21) ◽  
pp. 12030-12041
Author(s):  
Iain M Murchland ◽  
Alexandra Ahlgren-Berg ◽  
Julian M J Pietsch ◽  
Alejandra Isabel ◽  
Ian B Dodd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Transcriptional Activator ◽  
Uv Treatment ◽  
Prophage Induction ◽  
In Vivo Degradation

Abstract The CII protein of temperate coliphage 186, like the unrelated CII protein of phage λ, is a transcriptional activator that primes expression of the CI immunity repressor and is critical for efficient establishment of lysogeny. 186-CII is also highly unstable, and we show that in vivo degradation is mediated by both FtsH and RseP. We investigated the role of CII instability by constructing a 186 phage encoding a protease resistant CII. The stabilised-CII phage was defective in the lysis-lysogeny decision: choosing lysogeny with close to 100% frequency after infection, and forming prophages that were defective in entering lytic development after UV treatment. While lysogenic CI concentration was unaffected by CII stabilisation, lysogenic transcription and CI expression was elevated after UV. A stochastic model of the 186 network after infection indicated that an unstable CII allowed a rapid increase in CI expression without a large overshoot of the lysogenic level, suggesting that instability enables a decisive commitment to lysogeny with a rapid attainment of sensitivity to prophage induction.

scholarly journals A minimalist model of characteristic earthquakes

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 513-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vázquez-Prada ◽  
Á. González ◽  
J. B. Gómez ◽  
A. F. Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Recurrence Time ◽  
Characteristic Earthquake ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Algebraic Description ◽  
Earthquake Size ◽  
Self Organized Criticality ◽  
Characteristic Earthquakes ◽  
Frequency Relation

Abstract. In a spirit akin to the sandpile model of self-organized criticality, we present a simple statistical model of the cellular-automaton type which simulates the role of an asperity in the dynamics of a one-dimensional fault. This model produces an earthquake spectrum similar to the characteristic-earthquake behaviour of some seismic faults. This model, that has no parameter, is amenable to an algebraic description as a Markov Chain. This possibility illuminates some important results, obtained by Monte Carlo simulations, such as the earthquake size-frequency relation and the recurrence time of the characteristic earthquake.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF HIGH-RESOLUTION MICROELECTRODE EEG RECORDINGS IN AN ANIMAL MODEL OF SPONTANEOUS LIMBIC SEIZURES

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (02) ◽  
pp. 605-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. KOMALAPRIYA ◽  
M. C. ROMANO ◽  
M. THIEL ◽  
U. SCHWARZ ◽  
J. KURTHS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Recurrence Time ◽  
Very High Frequency ◽  
Limbic Seizures ◽  
High Frequency Oscillations ◽  
Quantification Analysis ◽  
Eeg Recordings

We perform a systematic data analysis on high resolution (0.5–12 kHz) multiarray microelectrode recordings from an animal model of spontaneous limbic epilepsy, to investigate the role of high frequency oscillations and the occurrence of early precursors for seizures. Results of spectral analysis confirm the importance of very high frequency oscillations (even greater than 600 Hz) in normal (healthy) and abnormal (epileptic) hippocampus. Furthermore, we show that the measures of Recurrence Quantification Analysis (RQA) and Recurrence Time Statistics (RTS) are successful in indicating, rather uniquely, the onset of ictal state and the occurrence of some warnings/precursors during the pre-ictal state, in contrast to the linear measures investigated.

MODELLING THE ROLE OF IMMUNITY IN MACROPARASITE INFECTIONS

1995 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 379-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
MO YANG HYUN ◽  
FRANCISCO ANTONIO BEZERRA COUTINHO ◽  
EDUARDO MASSAD
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Model

A stochastic model is proposed to analyse the role of immunity processes in modulating the infection by macroparasites, with applications in schistosomiasis.

Dissecting large earthquakes in Japan: Role of arc magma and fluids

Island Arc ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dapeng Zhao ◽  
M. Santosh ◽  
Akira Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Large Earthquakes ◽  
Arc Magma
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