scholarly journals Developing a list of woody plants recommended for landscaping and reconstruction of Cheboksary green areas based on the assessment of the urban environment quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
Konstantin V. Samokhvalov ◽  
Evgeny A. Sinichkin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Fluctuating Asymmetry ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Asymmetry Coefficient ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
Economic Significance

The paper presents the results of research to assess the quality of the urban environment in the areas we have identified by the functional and economic significance of Cheboksary using a method of fluctuating asymmetry of Betula pendula Roth leaves and a scale of gas resistance of tree and shrub plants. The studies have showed that the integral indices of fluctuating asymmetry of Betula pendula leaf plates of all surveyed green planting objects vary from 0,038 to 0,054. The highest levels of asymmetry were found in the eastern and southern parts of the city, where the values of leaf asymmetry fluctuations range from 0,050 to 0,054. Based on an assessment of the quality of the urban environment the authors have developed recommendations to improve and expand the range of resistant woody plants to anthropogenic stress of Cheboksary. Depending on the nature of the urban environment and the degree of woody plants resistance to anthropogenic pollution, we offer a range of woody and shrub plants for landscaping, it contains 73 species. The recommended range of trees and shrubs for landscaping in the Central zone of Cheboksary is 68 species (asymmetry coefficient 0,040 to 0,044), in the Coastal and Suburban areas 62 species (asymmetry coefficient 0,046 to 0,049), in the Industrial zone 29 species (asymmetry coefficient 0,050 to 0,053).

scholarly journals Changes in the Fluctuating Asymmetry of the Leaf and Reproductive Capacity of Betula pendula Roth Reflect Pessimization of Anthropogenically Transformed Environment

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1970
Author(s):  
Nina Turmukhametova ◽  
Elena Shadrina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Fluctuating Asymmetry ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Developmental Stability ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Factorial Anova ◽  
Zero Capacity

We have estimated the reproductive capacity of Betulapendula Roth and its relationship with an integrated measure of developmental stability, i.e., fluctuating asymmetry (FA) of the leaf. On the territory of a city with moderate anthropogenic pollution, a change has been detected in the integrated fluctuating asymmetry (IFA) of the morphology of the female reproductive sphere and reproductive capacity of Betula pendula. In conditions of anthropogenic stress, the birch is observed to produce a large yield of fruits annually, which is not subject to year-to-year fluctuations. Morphological variety of size and shape of fruit-producing organs increases along the gradient of industrial and transport pollution; part of morphotypes of infructescences and seeds is characterized by lowered or zero capacity for reproduction determined by seed quality (germination energy and germination capacity). The statistical data processing involved correlation, Shapiro–Wilk test, Levene’s test, factorial ANOVA, Scheffe test, Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA, Mann–Whitney test, χ2 method. Analysis of IFA has allowed us to reasonably well assess the state of the plant organism and to characterize environmental quality. A negative correlation between IFA and quantitative parameters of the functions of the reproductive sphere of B. pendula (infructescence diameter, seed quality) has been found, and positive correlation with qualitative parameters (the number of morphs of infructescences and seeds, the share of rare morphs of infructescences). Pessimization of urban environment creates the conditions for an increase in the share of defective infructescences and non-germinating seeds; a compensatory mechanism for this is an increase in reproductive effort of B. pendula. The consistency of responses in the vegetative and reproductive spheres reflects the disturbances in developmental stability of plants in urban communities.

scholarly journals Economic Aspects Analysis in Calculation and Application of the Urban Environment Quality Index

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
D M Suvorov ◽  
L. A. Suvorova ◽  
T V Baibakova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Urban Ecology ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
The City

The goal of the study is to make a comparative analysis of the dynamics of indices of economic indicators and sufficiency indicators used to calculate an urban environment quality index of a Russian municipality. The city of Kirov, Russia, was taken as a sample for the study, which went on from 2012 through 2018. The analysis demonstrated practically no statistically significant correlations in the dynamics of indices of individual subgroups of indicators, as well as in the dynamics of indices of individual indicators, although with a few exceptions. The results of the study confirm the need to improve the methodology of calculating the integral indices of cities and regions. These indices are related to urban ecology, quality of life, and sustainable development issues. The results also demonstrated the inadequacy of such tools for systematic and comprehensive international analysis of today urbanization problems.

scholarly journals Sustainable Development as a Concept to Improve the Quality of the Urban Environment of Single-Industry Towns

2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-515
Author(s):  
Irina Antonova ◽  
Timur Belalov ◽  
Anna Zhdanova
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Federal Programs ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
The Past ◽  
Single Industry ◽  
Urban Settlements

The research featured the urban environment quality index for single-industry towns and non-single-industry towns in 2018–2019. The research objective was to identify statistical differences between single-industry towns and other urban settlements in terms of the components and combined value of the urban environment quality index. The paper introduces several strategies for the development of the urban environment of single-industry towns based on the concept of sustainable development. The study employed statistical methods and Statistica 10 program. Based on parametric and nonparametric criteria, the author revealed statistical differences for such aspects as "green areas" and "public and business infrastructure" for 2018 and 2019, as well as calculated the combined value for 2019. The strategies described in the present paper can help to overcome the existing problems of single-industry towns and avoid repeating the mistakes made by government when implementing similar federal programs in the past. The study may be of interest for executive authorities, municipal authorities, and residents of single-industry urban settlements.

scholarly journals Uncertain Comprehensive Evaluation Method Based on Expected Value

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 461-472
Author(s):  
Fangfang Yang ◽  
Youhua Fu
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Uncertainty Theory ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Uncertain Variable ◽  
Expected Value ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation Method ◽  
Environment Quality

AbstractThe author presents a new comprehensive evaluation method based on uncertainty theory in this paper. According to this kind of method, the evaluation quality of each evaluated index given by every expert is regarded as an uncertain variable. Then a comparison rule of uncertain comprehensive evaluation is proposed by means of expected value of uncertain variable. Some properties about the comparison rule are discussed. At last, an example about the comparison of urban environment quality is given to illustrate the uncertain comprehensive evaluation method.

VALORIZATION OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT OF SOUTH SERBIA FROM THE AIR QUALITY ASPECT

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1329-1333
Author(s):  
Miodrag Šmelcerović
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Sources Of Pollution

The protection of the environment and people’s health from negative influences of the pollution of air as a medium of the environment requires constant observing of the air quality in accordance with international standards, the analysis of emission and imission of polluting matters in the air, and their connection with the sources of pollution. Having in mind the series of laws and delegated legislations which define the field of air pollution, it is necessary to closely observe these long-term processes, discovering cause-and-effect relationships between the activities of anthropogenic sources of emission of polluting matters and the level of air degradation. The relevant evaluation of the air quality of a certain area can be conducted if the level of concentration of polluting matters characteristic for the pollution sources of this area is observed in a longer period of time. The data obtained by the observation of the air pollution are the basis for creation of the recovery program of a certain area. Vranje is a town in South Serbia where there is a bigger number of anthropogenic pollution sources that can significantly diminish the air quality. The cause-and-effect relationship of the anthropogenic sources of pollution is conducted related to the analysis of systematized data which are in the relevant data base of the authorized institution The Institute of Public Health Vranje, for the time period between the year of 2012. and 2017. By the analysis of data of imission concentrations of typical polluting matters, the dominant polluting matters were determined on the territory of the town of Vranje, the ones that are the causers of the biggest air pollution and the risk for people’s health. Analysis of the concentration of soot, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides indicates their presence in the air of Vranje town area in concentrations that do not exceed the permitted limit values annually. The greatest pollution is caused by the soot content in the air, especially in the winter period when the highest number of days with the values above the limit was registered. By perceiving the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors, it is clear that the concentration of polluting matters can be decreased only by establishing control over anthropogenic sources of pollution, and thus it can be contributed to the improvement of the air quality of this urban environment.

scholarly journals Toward a Better Understanding of Metal Nanoparticles, a Novel Strategy from Eucalyptus Plants

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 929
Author(s):  
Hanadi Sawalha ◽  
Rambod Abiri ◽  
Ruzana Sanusi ◽  
Noor Azmi Shaharuddin ◽  
Aida Atiqah Mohd Noor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Ideal Candidate ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Novel Strategy ◽  
The Ideal

Nanotechnology is a promising tool that has opened the doors of improvement to the quality of human’s lives through its potential in numerous technological aspects. Green chemistry of nanoscale materials (1–100 nm) is as an effective and sustainable strategy to manufacture homogeneous nanoparticles (NPs) with unique properties, thus making the synthesis of green NPs, especially metal nanoparticles (MNPs), the scientist’s core theme. Researchers have tested different organisms to manufacture MNPs and the results of experiments confirmed that plants tend to be the ideal candidate amongst all entities and are suitable to synthesize a wide variety of MNPs. Natural and cultivated Eucalyptus forests are among woody plants used for landscape beautification and as forest products. The present review has been written to reflect the efficacious role of Eucalyptus in the synthesis of MNPs. To better understand this, the route of extracting MNPs from plants, in general, and Eucalyptus, in particular, are discussed. Furthermore, the crucial factors influencing the process of MNP synthesis from Eucalyptus as well as their characterization and recent applications are highlighted. Information gathered in this review is useful to build a basis for new prospective research ideas on how to exploit this woody species in the production of MNPs. Nevertheless, there is a necessity to feed the scientific field with further investigations on wider applications of Eucalyptus-derived MNPs.

scholarly journals Evaluating Cultural Landscape Remediation Design Based on VR Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 423
Author(s):  
Zhengsong Lin ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Su Tang ◽  
Yang Song ◽  
Xinyue Ye
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
Rural Revitalization ◽  
Remediation Design ◽  
Ecological Remediation

Due to the recent excessive pursuit of rapid economic development in China, the cultural heritage resources have been gradually destroyed. This paper proposes cultural recovery and ecological remediation patterns, and adopts virtual reality (VR) technology to evaluate the visual aesthetic effect of the restored landscape. The results show that: (1) the average vegetation coverage increased, providing data support for remediation design evaluation; and (2) the fixation counts and average saccade counts of the subjects increased after the remediation design, indicating that the restored cultural landscape reduced visual fatigue and provided a better visual aesthetic experience. Furthermore, the comparative analysis of the quality of the water environment shows that the remediation design project improved the ecological environment quality of the relics area. The results of this study will contribute to rural revitalization in minority areas in southwest China.

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