scholarly journals Food gathering and natural resources use evidence at the end of the Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic period in the North-Western Caucasus (based on the Dvoinaya Cave and the Chygai Rockshelter materials)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 153-161
Author(s):  
Elena Viktorovna Leonova ◽  
Olesya Igorevna Uspenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Stone Tools ◽  
Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Faunal Remains ◽  
Western Caucasus ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
The North ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Late Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Mesolithic Period ◽  
North Western

Complex studies of multi-layer Stone Age sites located in the foothills of the North-Western Caucasus (Gubs Gorge) made it possible to obtain fairly representative collections of archaeological materials including stone and bone artifacts and faunal remains, dating from the end of the Late Palaeolithic to Mesolithic and Eneolithic periods. Large concentrations of terrestrial gastropods Helix sp. shells were found in the Early and Late Mesolithic layers. These gastropods were the objects of collecting and probably composed a significant part of the primitive communities diet. Dvoinaya Cave and Chygai Rockshelter belong to series of synchronous Mediterranean, Levant and Zagros sites with large concentrations of grape snails in the late Upper Palaeolithic and Mesolithic layers. The data of the use-wear analysis of stone tools, micro-chemical and IR-spectroscopic analysis of the residues on the stone tools surfaces allow to conclude that the ancient inhabitants of the Gubs Gorge collected and processed various plant resources, including wood, grass fibers, resin of coniferous and fruit plants with the purpose of manufacturing and fastening of handles, frames and shafts of arrows. The river mollusks Theodoxus danubialis shells were used for making beads. More than 30 shells with punched or drilled holes were found in the lowest layer of the Dvoinaya Cave.

New Evidence of the Late Neopleistocene Peopling of the Lower Ob Valley

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
I. D. Zolnikov ◽  
A. A. Anoikin ◽  
E. A. Filatov ◽  
A. V. Vybornov ◽  
A. V. Vasiliev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Paleolithic ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
West Siberian Plain ◽  
Faunal Remains ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Paleolithic Site ◽  
The North ◽  
Available Information

This study focuses on the early human occupation of the arctic part of the West Siberian Plain and introduces the finds at the Paleolithic site Kushevat (Shuryshkarsky District, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug), discovered in 2020. Geological and geomorphological characteristics of the Lower Ob region are provided, the chronology of the key Middle and Late Neopleistocene sequences is assessed, and criteria underlying the search for Paleolithic sites in the area are outlined. We describe the discovery and excavations at Kushevat, its stratigraphy and its faunal remains. On the basis of correlation with neighboring key Late Neopleistocene sections with a representative series of absolute dates, the age of the site is estimated at cal 50–35 ka BP. Results of a traceological study of a possibly human-modified reindeer antler are provided. Findings at Kushevat and the available information on the early peopling of northern Eurasia suggest that the boundary of the inhabited part of that region must be shifted ~200 km to the north. The Ob, therefore, is one of the last major Siberian rivers where traces of the Early Upper Paleolithic culture have been found. The discovery of a stratified site in its lower stretch is a milestone in the Paleolithic studies in the region. A large area over which faunal remains are distributed, and the presence of lithics among the surface finds, suggest that Kushevat is a highly prospective site for future archaeological studies of the early stages in the human peopling of the region.

Bifacial scraper-knives in the Micoquian sites in the North-Western Caucasus: Typology, technology, and reduction

2017 ◽  
Vol 428 ◽  
pp. 49-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.V. Golovanova ◽  
E.V. Doronicheva ◽  
V.B. Doronichev ◽  
I.G. Shirobokov
Keyword(s):  
Western Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
North Western

scholarly journals The Complexes of the Late Period of the Nabil Archaeological Culture (North-Western Sakhalin).

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-145
Author(s):  
Pashentsev P. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Sakhalin Island ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
South Sakhalin ◽  
Trade And Exchange ◽  
Metal Tools ◽  
Archaeological Objects

The article analyzes the archaeological materials of the two Nabil dwellings located on the sand spit, which separates one of the largest lagoons in the north-eastern part of Sakhalin Island from the Sea of Okhotsk. The researched archaeological objects are presented by pit dwellings with entrances in the form of a corridor-crawlway. The objects are synchronized, and they have C14 calibration age within the 4th –2nd century BC. During the existence of the settlement (the climate boundary was between Sub-Boreal and Sub-Atlantic phases) the climate was a little warmer than the modern one. The objects were located in the favourable fishing area of the island. The household complexes of the dwellings are similar. The Nabil’s pottery has foreign cultural influence and it is differentiated from the Early Nabil complexes. There are a lot of stone tools intended for the fishery. The stone tools were locally produced. There are both the stone tools and the corroded metal fragments and the stone replica of the metal tools. The Nabil jewelry is of transit origin and it shows the presence of relationships between South Sakhalin and the continental areas of Far East. It is assumed that in the conditions of a shortage of metals, the need for its import caused the integration of the peoples of Sakhalin into the system of regional trade and exchange relations. Keywords: Sakhalin Island, Paleometal age, Nabil culture, pit dwelling, pointed shape pottery, stone tools, tubular beads, iron Acknowledgements: The author is grateful to her teachers and colleagues Doctor of History Alexander A. Vasilevsky and Candidate of History Vyacheslav A. Grishchenko for critical and suggestive remarks that contributed to a broader understanding of the sources.

scholarly journals The Mountain Jews, the Uryms, the Cherkesohays: the North- Western Caucasus Non-Muslim Groups Typology in the middle of 19th century

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-59
Author(s):  
Vladimir Kolesov
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Western Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Network Communities ◽  
North Western

The article describes three the North-Western Caucasus minor groups – The Mountain Jews, the Uryms (Mountain Greeks), the Cherkesohays (Mountain Armenians). These groups analyzed by non-subethnic, but as “network communities”. They had to tendency to consolidation, but had disappeared in result (grouping). The author explored the Typology of their communication with aboriginal peoples and the process of cultural landscape creation in the context of Russian Imperial Paradigm.

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