scholarly journals Orenburg as the capital of autonomous Kazakhstan (1920-1925): the reasons of choice and attempts of search for alternatives

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-165
Author(s):  
Kuanysh Gazizovich Akanov
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Central Core ◽  
Territorial Disputes ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Soviet Republic ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Administrative Center

The paper considers the history of approval of Orenburg city as the capital of Kirgiz (Kazakh) Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (KASSR) which was formed by the decree from 26 of August, 1920, as well as the history accession of the city and some district of province to Kazakhstan. The reasons of choice of Orenburg as administrative center of Kirgiz Republic and possible proposed alternatives are researched. The author analyses publications of Kazakhstan and Russian scientists on the indicated theme. Among the objective reasons of choice of Orenburg as the capital, the author names the following ones: the importance of Orenburg for Kirgiz Republic of that time, as a city with developed infrastructure and industry, as well as cultural and economic potential; the presence of sufficiently strong stratum workers,; attempt to make the city a central core of politics and become closer to Asian and Turkic people; regulation of territorial disputes about question of accessory of Orenburg; temporariness of the capital status of Orenburg to Kyrgyzia, in view of geographical distance of the city from the other regions of Autonomy and little representatives of title Kazakh ethnos. The author introduces for scientific use some documents of the State archive of the Orenburg Region in the process of research.

scholarly journals Nazistowscy przywódcy przedwojennego Opola i opozycja antyhitlerowska w latach 1933–1945 w świetle akt z Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej oraz z Archiwum Państwowego w Opolu

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4 (1)) ◽  
pp. 157-198
Author(s):  
Janusz Oszytko
Keyword(s):  
Local History ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Previous Article ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
The City ◽  
Totalitarian State

The article is a new contribution to the local history of Opole of 1933–1945 in the light of not known and not published archival documents about the pre-war Nazi leaders of the Opole Regency and the anti-Hitler opposition as well. Those documents are stored both in the State Archive in Opole (file: Gestapo Oppeln) and in the Institute of National Remembrance (IPN Archive – various archive files). The first part of the article describes the Nazi elite of the Opole Regency in the period of 1933–1945. This interesting and complicated history of Opole and Opole region concerns the operation of the NSDAP monoparty, as well as its affiliated organizations and repressive organs of a totalitarian state. This part of the article was developed mainly from various files from the Institute of National Remembrance. The second part describes the anti-Hitler opposition in the Opole Regency in the period of 1933–1945. Very interesting and also not known in the scientific circulation are materials about political opponents, collected by Gestapostelle Oppeln, which are right now being published by the author of the article, following the previous article about the files relating to the Jews (dealt with in articles by J. Oszytko) and to the Poles (in a book by Dermin and Popiołek) which were kept by the Gestapo in Opole. To summarize, the article casts light on the history of the city, with respect to, on the one hand, the rise of German totalitarianism changing into one-party domination of the NSDAP party, and – on the other hand – the scope of persecution of parties and persons standing in opposition to Hitler’s rule in our city and region.  

scholarly journals A history of the city written in a map – cartography as the mirror of socio-political events in Gdańsk in the years of 1918–1939

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Bień
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
World War ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Political Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Made In

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> A cartographic map of Gdańsk in the years of 1918&amp;ndash;1939 was very different from the other maps of Polish cities. The reasons for some differences were, among others, the proximity of the sea, the multicultural mindset of the inhabitants of Gdańsk from that period, and some historical events in the interwar period (the founding of the Free City of Gdańsk and the events preceding World War II). Its uniqueness came from the fact that the city of Gdańsk combined the styles of Prussian and Polish housing, as well as form the fact that its inhabitants felt the need for autonomy from the Second Polish Republic. The city aspired to be politically, socially and economically independent.</p><p>The aim of my presentation is to analyze the cartographic maps of Gdańsk, including the changes that had been made in the years of 1918&amp;ndash;1939. I will also comment on the reasons of those changes, on their socio-historical effects on the city, the whole country and Europe.</p>

Biography and (Global) Microhistory

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Gamsa
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
The Other ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
Forthcoming Book ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
History Of ◽  
German Origin ◽  
The One ◽  
The City

AbstractThis article has two goals. It reflects on the recent developments and agenda of an approach to historical writing that is now becoming known by the name global microhistory, and it analyses the attention which this approach pays to individual lives. It also explores some of the challenges in writing the biography of a city alongside the life history of a person. The city is Harbin, a former Russian-managed railway hub in Manchuria, today a province capital in Northeast China. The person is Baron Roger Budberg (1867–1926), a physician of Baltic German origin who arrived in Harbin during the Russo-Japanese war and remained there until his death, leaving published works and unpublished correspondence in German and Russian. My forthcoming book about Budberg and Harbin challenges the distinction between writing “biography”, on the one hand, and “history”, on the other, while navigating between the “micro” and “macro” layers of historical enquiry.

al-Madīnah or la ville? An architectural & urban “clash of civilizations” – the example of the city of Algiers

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafał Kobis
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
The Other ◽  
Clash Of Civilizations ◽  
French Colonialism ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

Abstract The main aim of author was to present the specific features of the architecture and urbanisation of Algiers – the capital of Algeria. The history of the city was marked by two great periods: Muslim domination (especially from the 15th century) and French colonialism (in the years 1830 – 1962). Both of these have left behind numerous traces of architectural and urbanistic thought. The material effect of French domination is the architecture of modern Algiers, which took the form of a French ville, similar to Paris, Lyon or Marseille. On the other hand, the architecture of Algiers also includes the old Arab district – Casbah, that resembles the cities of the Middle East (Madīnah in Arabic), like Istanbul, Cairo or Damascus. Both architectural traditions give the city of Algiers a cosmopolitan and universal character. The threat to the peculiar coexistence of these traditions is the progressive migration from the countryside to the city, which results in the expansion of area of slums, called bidonvilles.

scholarly journals From the History of the Yekaterinburg Merchant Family of the Agafurovs: New Discoveries

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-260
Author(s):  
Aleksey N. Starostin
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Charity Work ◽  
The City

The Agafurovs were the well established Russian Tatar merchants. Before 1917 the Agafurov family had significantly contributed to the cultural development of the city of Yekaterinburg and its Muslim community. The family was actively involved in charity work, financially supported the city «House of worship», the Russian-Tatar public library as well as several schools. The biographies of the some Agafurov family members are rather well researched on the basis of the sources preserved in the Ural libraries. However, researchers still lack a knowledge about what did happen to them since they have left Russia after the 1917 Russian revolution. The article is an attempt to fill in this gap. It deals with what happened to the Agafurov family members during their emigration to China (Harbin) in 1920 – 1940es. The present research is based on the hitherto unknown documents from the former Russian Emigrants in the Manchurian Empire Bureau, which are currently preserved in the State Archive of Khabarovsk Region (Khabarovskii Krai).

scholarly journals TO THE HISTORY OF THE APPEARANCE OF THE «POT OF LAZUR»

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Анатолий Александрович Цыганов
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Water Body ◽  
War Of 1812 ◽  
The Other ◽  
Water Object ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

«Водный объект «Лазурь» (недостроенный канал) на территории парка «Победы» в г. Твери протягивается от р. Тьмаки до устья руч. Перемерки, впадающего в р. Волгу, в районе затона Тверского речного порта. Проект не был реализован в связи с Отечественной войной 1812 г. Уже позднее в начале XX в., почти в самом устье образовавшегося объекта была проложена Волжская ветка Николаевской железной дороги. Так возникла система прудов - «водный объект «Лазурь». Water body «Lazur» (unfinished canal) in the territory of the Victory Park in Tver stretches from p. Dark to the mouth of the stream. Measure flowing into the river. Volga, in the area of the backwater of the Tver river port As the Blinovs noted, «on the 1812 th, we began to dig a ditch from T'maki along Lazuri on June 1... Poles dug Russian and, at least 600 people at work» The canal between T'makoy and the Volga, according to the plan of Georg Oldenburgsky, was supposed to protect the city from floods and serve as a place for keeping baroque in winter. he project was not implemented in connection with the Patriotic War of 1812. Later, at the beginning of the 20th century, almost at the mouth of the formed "Water Object Lazur", the Volga branch of the Nikolaev Railway to the Konya-Evch mill was laid. s a result, the first pond was formed with a level mark of 125.2 m a. o., which is significantly lower than the other eight ponds.

scholarly journals Mikhail Bulgakov and Aleksandr Sukhovo-Kobylin. Textology of a Theater Album

2020 ◽  
pp. 219-245
Author(s):  
Elena N. Penskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Data Bank ◽  
The Other ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Documentary Source ◽  
National Team ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mikhail Bulgakov ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Special Studies

Personal collections of documents related to the performances of SukhovoKobylin’s and Bulgakov’s own plays have never been compared. Bulgakov practically never mentions Sukhovo-Kobylin in his texts. However, the “meeting” of the two playwrights took place in the space of the theatrical album. Unlike the literary album that has been studied many times, there are no special studies about the typology of the theatrical album and its cultural semantics. The textological study of album “autocollections” as drama companions contributes to the acquisition of semantic “keys” not only to certain texts, but also to those meta-links that they form as well as to the compilation of mobile text transcriptions. The album laboratories of the two playwrights make this similarity clear. The theatrical albums by Sukhovo-Kobylin (a blue blotter with envelopes of versions of plays that are part of the “Pictures of the Past” trilogy, held in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Arts) and Bulgakov (eight albums in the Handwritten Section of the IRLI) reveal two layers. One is an “encyclopedia” of theatrical history of plays, posters, reviews, accompanied by the author’s notes, and a detailed “dossier of censorship ordeals”. The other layer is newspaper clippings with author’s marginalities, marks that simulate a vocabulary universe and the library of plots reflecting newspaper reality and later turned into works. Thus, it is known that Sukhovo-Kobylin was one of the characters in V. Chernoyarov’s feuilleton “The National Team”, published in the magazine “Novyy Zritel” in 1926 and pasted into Bulgakov’s album related to the play The Days of the Turbins at the Moscow Art Theater in 1926. The specified album is an auto-documentary source of Theatrical Novel. The metamorphoses of the texts in the album, accompanied by the author’s notes, marginalities, typologically bring together the theatrical albums of Sukhovo-Kobylin and Bulgakov. They are related semiotically and visually to the scenario of a conventional play, the director’s staged copy, or the exhibition plan of the exposition. The playwrights quite obviously collect the dossier, the “data bank”, fixing the junctions, the path from the manuscript to the publication and the scene (especially in Bulgakov’s case), as if they were making up a biography of their own text. Bulgakov appreciates the author’s recipes and technical guidelines for making an author, formulated in feuilletons of the 1920s. By coincidence, Sukhovo-Kobylin got into this feuilleton environment.

scholarly journals Children’s Memories of the Leningrad Blockade in the Materials of the Central State Archive of the Udmurt Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-269
Author(s):  
Sergey N. Uvarov
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Central State ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City

The article offers the previously unpublished memoirs of eleven Leningrad residents who were children during the German blockade of the city. All of them were collected in 1998-1999 by Nina Aleksandrovna Koroleva, and are today kept in her collection in the Central State Archive of the Udmurt Republic. After the war, Nina Aleksandrovna came to live in Udmurtia, where she started to record memories about wartime. Conventionally, her documents can be divided into two groups. The first includes the memories of those who were evacuated to Udmurtia during the Great Patriotic War. The second group consists of memories of those who ended up in the republic after the end of the war. All documents are preserved in the author's edition. The memoirs reflect childhood impressions of the siege period. Their authors share their feelings from the beginning of the blockade, and report details of their daily life during the siege; they also reveal the coping strategies of the respective families. Descriptions of the labor conducted by children invite for conclusions about their contribution to the Soviet victory. Very emotional are the reports about the lifting of the blockade. Some memoirs contain details of the evacuation from Leningrad to the mainland. From the perspective of the history of everyday life, the publication of these memoirs expands our knowledge about the Great Patriotic War and, in particular, about the blockade of Leningrad.

scholarly journals Kierunki działalności sportowo-oświatowej i kulturalnej Łódzkiego Klubu Sportowego w Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej

2019 ◽  
pp. 89-108
Author(s):  
Piotr Kędzia
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fair Play ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Sports Club ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
The City

The operations of the Łódź Sports Club in the interwar period are an important part of the history of sport in the city of Łódź, as well as Poland. The Club’s prestige and successes should be chiefly attributed to the athletes’ and the coaches’ commitment, coupled with the activists’ organisational skills. A historical analysis of the Club’s operations indicates that, in addition to training athletes in various disciplines, the establishment was also involved in a wide range of impressive cultural and educational activities. These centred on organising reading rooms, talks, lectures, social meetings and trips as well as promoting patriotic values and the idea of fair play. Hence, the Club’s educational work was channelled into axiological models of sports competition on the one hand, and into propagating education and culture on the other.

scholarly journals Uma tríade botânica na paisagem oitocentista portuense: jardins e hortos de excelência científica e económica

CEM ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 218-238
Author(s):  
Cristiana Vieira ◽  
Ana Catarina Antunes ◽  
Sónia Faria
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
The Other ◽  
City Center ◽  
The Past ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

The present work explores the recognition of the past and present genius loci of three spaces of Porto city center as remaining and transformed representations of spaces with distinct, interconnected and pertinent botanical missions in the nineteenth century landscape of the city. Through the exploration of sources left by the interveners or graphic testimonies of the urban landscape from 1850 to the present day of these (ethno-)botanical spaces, we explore how the interveners and spaces of the Jardim Botânico da Academia Polythecnica do Porto, the Horto-pharmacêutico da Botica da Hospital Real de Santo António and the Horto das Virtudes mutually influenced. On the other hand, it is demonstrated how these spaces determined a time of special interest in botany that would not be repeated in the history of the city and its population.

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