scholarly journals Assessment of the ecological state of the pond on the phytoplankton indicators (for example, Kuchane Lake, Pskov Region)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Tatiana Victorovna Drozdenko ◽  
Anastasiya Andreevna Kurka
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Aquatic Communities ◽  
Pskov Region ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Main Components

Aquatic ecosystems are in balance with the external environment factors and have a complex system of biological connections, disturbed under the influence of anthropogenic factors. First of all, the influence of anthropogenic factors affect the taxonomic composition of aquatic communities. Assessment of the degree of water pollution on the composition of living organisms to quickly establish its ecological condition. In summer 2016 the first time studied the planktonic algae Kuchane Lake located in Pushkinogorsky district of the Pskov Region on the territory of the Museum-Reserve of A.S. Pushkin Mikhailovskoye. Phytoplankton is one of the main components of the aquatic ecosystem, quickly responding to any changes in the environmental conditions, and its structural characteristics are the important elements in evaluating the ecological state of the pond. The article discusses the use of phytoplankton to assess the water quality of Kuchane Lake. Showed taxonomic composition of phytoplankton of the lake in the summer. Algae is characterized by relatively high species diversity. One hundred twenty six species taxa of phytoplankton belonging to 8 phylums were identified during the research: Chlorophyta (45), Bacillariophyta (38), Euglenohyta (15), Cyanophyta/ Cyanoprocaryota (9), Dinophyta (7), Chrysohyta (6), Сryptophyta (5), Xanthophyta (1). The basis of phytoplankton up green and diatoms. Investigated ecological and geographical analysis of phytoplankton and saprobiological analysis of the quality of the lake water.

scholarly journals Phytoplankton as a bioindicator of the water quality of Lake Malenets (Pskov Region)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
Tatiana V. Drozdenko ◽  
Irina V. Kek ◽  
Tatiana A. Mishkova
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Phytoplankton Species Composition ◽  
Pskov Region ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
First Time ◽  
Geographical Characteristics ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

This paper shows the use of planktonic algae in determining the ecological state of the reservoir. Phytoplankton is an important link in the aquatic ecosystem, which is the first to react to the slightest fluctuations in environmental conditions by changing its structure and quantitative characteristics, and therefore is very convenient in bioindication studies. In the summer of 2017, the planktonic algaflora of Lake Malenets, located on the territory of the Mikhailovskoye Museum-Reserve in the Pushkinogorsk District of the Pskov Region, was studied for the first time. In total, 87 species and intraspecific taxa of phytoplankton were identified from 8 phylums, 12 classes, 20 orders, 35 families, and 58 genera. The dominant algaflora complex is characterized as diatom-chlorophytic with the presence of golden algae. Using the Sierensen-Chekanovsky index, the degree of similarity of the phytoplankton species composition of Lake Malenets with the nearby Lake Kuchane was estimated. The calculation of quantitative indicators of phytoplankton abundance and biomass was carried out, the ecological and geographical characteristics of microalgae were presented, and the water quality class of Lake Malenets was established. The obtained results are of practical importance, since they allow to establish the ecological state of the water body as well as to develop methodological recommendations for its improvement and stabilization.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF THE LEVEL OF WATER MINERALIZATION ON THE CONCENTRATION OF HEAVY METALS IN MUSHROOMS

2020 ◽  
pp. 229-242
Author(s):  
Oksana Vradiy
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Human Impact ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Population Activity ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Right

The current ecological condition of forest plantations has been characterized by high anthropogenic load as a result of population activity. The consequences of the human impact have been manifested in the disturbance of natural landscapes, air pollution, hydrosphere, destruction of the lithosphere, uncontrolled depletion of forest resources, resulting in a decrease and extinction of a huge number of species of animals and plants. In the result of various industries’ work chemical compounds have been formed, which have been transformed into the biosphere and enter all living organisms. Therefore, there are serious problems in the relationship between nature and man. The human impact on the environment is extremely powerful and it is obvious that the biosphere as a result of this impact loses the ability to self-regulate and it does not allow it to function properly. One of the current environmental problems that threatens plants, animals and human health and the quality of the environment is heavy metal pollution. These substances gradually enter plants, animals and humans through the air, water and food chain over a period of time [4]. Toxicity of metals has a direct effect on flora, which is an integral part of ecosystems. These effects lead to changes in the biochemical, physiological and metabolic processes that take place in plants that grow directly in areas with high levels of heavy metals. Samples of edible forest mushrooms were taken on the territory of forests of Tyvriv, Vinnytsia and Kalyniv districts in the Forest-Steppe of the Right Bank of Ukraine. Studies of the concentration of heavy metals were performed in the research and measurement agrochemical laboratory of the Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry on the basis of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. The concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd of the studied fungi were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry after dry mineralization. Studies of the effect of cooking on the concentration of heavy metals in mushrooms were carried out according to the following scheme: 1. control option: mushrooms, cleaned and washed with tap water; 2. option 1: mushrooms soaked for 3 hours in water without mineral residue; 3. mushrooms soaked for 3 hours in water without mineral residue with the addition of salt (1 kg of mushrooms – 1 liter of water and 10 g of salt). The effect of soaking mushrooms in water without mineral residue with the addition of salt was studied. It was found that when soaking mushrooms for 3 hours in water without mineral residue, the concentration of zinc in them decreased: from 1.02 to 1.37 times; copper - from 1.14 to 1.5 times; lead - from 1.09 to 1.13 times; cadmium - from 1.3 to 1.5 times. When soaking mushrooms for 3 hours in water without mineral residue with the addition of salt, the concentration of zinc in them decreased: from 1.23 to 1.28 times; copper - from 1.2 to 1.36 times; lead - from 1.31 to 1.38 times; cadmium - from 1.41 to 1.6 times.

scholarly journals The impact of man-made accidents and catastrophes in the stable functioning of industrial enterprises on the quality of life of the population and socio-economic development

2021 ◽  
Vol 296 ◽  
pp. 06004
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Kamdina ◽  
Olga Simchenko ◽  
Valery Grakhov ◽  
Alexander Suntsov ◽  
Evgeny Chazov
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
History Of ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Impact

The article considers the quality of life of population and the impact of man-made accidents and disasters during stable functioning of industrial enterprises. The author offered to take into account the influence of anthropogenic factors, the source of which is industrial production, provoking man-made accidents and catastrophes, when assessing the quality of life of population. To fully take into account the factors affecting the quality of life of population, a comprehensive methodology created by the Council for the Study of Productive Forces by order of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation that contains 19 indicators for diagnosing the quality of life of the population of the region, grouped by seven main areas, was chosen. Changes in the system of indicators of the consolidated index of the quality of life of the population under the influence of man-made accidents and catastrophes in the context of 7 spheres are shown. As an example, the impact on the main components of the quality of life of the population of the largest man-made disaster in the history of mankind and the nuclear industry - the Chernobyl accident - is considered.

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of the nature of the impact of ultraviolet radiation on watermelon seeds in time mode

2019 ◽  
pp. 155-158
Author(s):  
A. V. Gulin ◽  
V. I. Donskaya
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Wave Radiation ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Ultraviolet Rays ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Impact

Relevance. One of the main components of the spectrum of sunlight is ultraviolet rays – invisible to the human eye short-wave radiation. The influence of these rays on plant life was considered insignificant until recently, but recent studies have shown the fallacy of such conclusions. Ultraviolet has a beneficial effect not only on the human body and animals, but also on plants, including – crops. The destruction of the ozone layer is currently continuing under the influence of anthropogenic factors. In this regard, the study of the effect of ultraviolet radiation on living organisms, including plants, is very relevant from both theoretical and practical points of view. The epidermis of plant leaves and seed shells are permeable to medium-and long-wave UV radiation, so of particular interest is the ultraviolet radiation of the Sun and artificial sources of ultraviolet radiation in the range of 400...180 nm.Purpose of work: to assess the nature of the impact of ultraviolet radiation in the time mode on watermelon seeds using cytogenetic analysis.Methods. The material for research was the seeds of the watermelon variety "Astrakhan". The studies were conducted in 2017-2018.Results. The results of studies have shown that long-term exposure to ultraviolet radiation can affect the physiological processes and anatomical structure of plants, as well as have serious genetic changes: aneuploidy, cytotomy, pyknosis and various chromosomal aberrations that lead to mutations or death of plants. However, plants acquire useful mutations with short-term exposure-0.5-2 hours, which can be used later in selection. 

Neutral Lipids of Oats Fruit (Avena Sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
N. K. Yuldasheva ◽  
S. D. Gusakova ◽  
D. Kh. Nurullaeva ◽  
N. T. Farmanova ◽  
R. P. Zakirova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Active Substances

Introduction. Lipids are a widespread group of biologically active substances in nature, making up the bulk of the organic substances of all living organisms. They accumulate in plants in seeds, as well as in fruits and perform a number of vital functions: they are the main components of cell membranes and the energy reserve for the body.Aim. Study of neutral lipids of sown oats (Avena sativa L.).Materials and methods. The objects of the study were fruits (grains) of oats of the sown variety "Tashkent 1," harvested in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Results and discussions. Neutral lipids of oat grains have been found to contain 13 fatty acids with a predominance of the sum of oleic, linolenic and linoleic acids. The total degree of unsaturation was almost 78%. Absorption bands characteristic of these substances were observed in the IR spectrum of MEGC.Conclusion. According to the results of the NL analysis, oat grains consisted of triacylglycerides and free LCDs, which were accompanied by hydrocarbons, phytosterols, triterpenoids and tocopherols.

VALORIZATION OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT OF SOUTH SERBIA FROM THE AIR QUALITY ASPECT

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1329-1333
Author(s):  
Miodrag Šmelcerović
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Sources Of Pollution

The protection of the environment and people’s health from negative influences of the pollution of air as a medium of the environment requires constant observing of the air quality in accordance with international standards, the analysis of emission and imission of polluting matters in the air, and their connection with the sources of pollution. Having in mind the series of laws and delegated legislations which define the field of air pollution, it is necessary to closely observe these long-term processes, discovering cause-and-effect relationships between the activities of anthropogenic sources of emission of polluting matters and the level of air degradation. The relevant evaluation of the air quality of a certain area can be conducted if the level of concentration of polluting matters characteristic for the pollution sources of this area is observed in a longer period of time. The data obtained by the observation of the air pollution are the basis for creation of the recovery program of a certain area. Vranje is a town in South Serbia where there is a bigger number of anthropogenic pollution sources that can significantly diminish the air quality. The cause-and-effect relationship of the anthropogenic sources of pollution is conducted related to the analysis of systematized data which are in the relevant data base of the authorized institution The Institute of Public Health Vranje, for the time period between the year of 2012. and 2017. By the analysis of data of imission concentrations of typical polluting matters, the dominant polluting matters were determined on the territory of the town of Vranje, the ones that are the causers of the biggest air pollution and the risk for people’s health. Analysis of the concentration of soot, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides indicates their presence in the air of Vranje town area in concentrations that do not exceed the permitted limit values annually. The greatest pollution is caused by the soot content in the air, especially in the winter period when the highest number of days with the values above the limit was registered. By perceiving the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors, it is clear that the concentration of polluting matters can be decreased only by establishing control over anthropogenic sources of pollution, and thus it can be contributed to the improvement of the air quality of this urban environment.

Methodical approach to the assessment of the educational migration environment of the population of the Carpathian region

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Lyubov Semiv
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Conditions ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Methodical Approach ◽  
Synthetic Indicator ◽  
Industry Collaboration ◽  
Migration Potential ◽  
Educational Migration ◽  
Main Components

The role and importance of the educational migration environment in activating migration movements of the population is described. The main components of the educational migration environment of the population are identified, and their features are outlined. Indicators have been proposed and the conditions for the formation of the educational migration environment of the population have been determined. It is proved that «freedom of knowledge movement» motivates students, teachers and researchers to combine educational and research activities with future employment abroad. The processes of educational migration in the form of cross-border education and academic mobility are presented. The concept of educational migration environment is defined and five main components of its formation are described: quantitative measurement of educational migration potential; quality of the academic environment; motivational conditions; opportunities for universities and industry collaboration in research; institutional conditions in the educational sphere. The list of indicators offered by the Ukrainian statistics is provided for quantitative representation of each component of the educational migration. Based on the method of multidimensional (cluster) analysis, the regional index of formation of educational migration environment is calculated. Using this method allows to move from the assessment of educational migration environment on 28 indicators to the construction of one synthetic indicator. Application of methodical approach allows to see the place of the region by the important parameters of development of the environment of educational migration of the population, to evaluate the attractiveness, opportunities and threats of formation of this environment in the regional dimension. It is proved that the «most favorable» environment in the Carpathian region has the Lviv region (4th place in Ukraine). Other regions of the Ukrainian Carpathians occupy in the ranking the lower places: respectively Ivano-Frankivsk (15th place), Chernivtsi (21st place), Transcarpathian region (24th place).

Survey of the Ecological State of Eight Man-Made Lakes Within the City Limits of Freiburg, Germany

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-310
Author(s):  
Agnes G. Pulvermüller ◽  
Heidulf E. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Secchi Depth ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
The City ◽  
Oxygen Profiles

Abstract The survey of the ecological condition of eight lakes within the city limits of Freiburg included hydrochemical measurements and analyses (oxygen profiles, Secchi depth, pH, biochemical oxygen demand) together with biological parameters (chlorophyll a, phytoplanktonbiomass, Escherichia coli counts), as well as parasitic examinations. Only some of the investigated parameters are presented here. Seven of the eight lakes were found to be eutrophic. The process of eutrophication appears to be still in progress. One lake can be considered to be hypertrophic. Schistosome dermatitis was observed. The water quality in general was considered to be acceptable; suggestions to maintain or improve the water quality are made.

New Monitoring Strategy for the Quality Control in the Processing Practice of Scutellariae Radix

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-311
Author(s):  
Qi Huang ◽  
Chunsong Cheng ◽  
Lili Li ◽  
Daiyin Peng ◽  
Cun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Monitoring Strategy ◽  
Scutellariae Radix ◽  
Chromatographic Fingerprints ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Processed Products ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Multivariate Monitoring

Background: Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin) is commonly processed into 3 products for different clinical applications. However, a simple analytical method for quality control has rarely been reported to quickly estimate the degree of processing Huangqin or distinguish differently processed products or unqualified Huangqin products. Objective: To study a new strategy for quality control in the processing practice of Huangqin. Methods: Seven kinds of flavonoids that mainly exist in Huangqin were determined by HPLC-DAD. Chromatographic fingerprints were established to study the variation and discipline of the 3 processed products of Huangqin. PCA and OPLS-DA were used to classify differently processed products of Huangqin. Results: The results showed that baicalin and wogonoside were the main components in the crude and the alcohol Huangqin herb while baicalein and wogonin mainly existed in carbonized Huangqin. The results of mathematical statistics revealed that the processing techniques can make the quality of medicinal materials more uniform. Conclusion: This multivariate monitoring strategy is suitable for quality control in the processing of Huangqin.

scholarly journals Determination of Environmental Factors for the Implementation of the Exploitability Index in Industrial Aggregate Mining Using Multi-Criteria Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Julio Manuel de Luis-Ruiz ◽  
Benito Ramiro Salas-Menocal ◽  
Gema Fernández-Maroto ◽  
Rubén Pérez-Álvarez ◽  
Raúl Pereda-García
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Factor ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Made In

The quality of human life is linked to the exploitation of mining resources. The Exploitability Index (EI) assesses the actual possibilities to enable a mine according to several factors. The environment is one of the most constraining ones, but its analysis is made in a shallow way. This research is focused on its determination, according to a new preliminary methodology that sets the main components of the environmental impact related to the development of an exploitation of industrial minerals and its weighting according to the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). It is applied to the case of the ophitic outcrops in Cantabria (Spain). Twelve components are proposed and weighted with the AHP and an algorithm that allows for assigning a normalized value for the environmental factor to each deposit. Geographic Information Systems (GISs) are applied, allowing us to map a large number of components of the environmental factors. This provides a much more accurate estimation of the environmental factor, with respect to reality, and improves the traditional methodology in a substantial way. It can be established as a methodology for mining spaces planning, but it is suitable for other contexts, and it raises developing the environmental analysis before selecting the outcrop to be exploited.

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