scholarly journals PALINOMORPHOLOGICAL AND PALINOTOXICAL ASSESSMENT OF AEROTECHNOGENIC POLLUTION IN URBOEKOSISTEMS

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
E E Ibragimova
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Stress Indicator ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Abortive Pollen ◽  
Aerotechnogenic Pollution ◽  
Sterile Pollen ◽  
Salix Babylonica ◽  
High Level

The men's generative system of populations of Salix babylonica growing along roads with various level of pollution was investigated. It is established that emissions of motor transport make the adverse effect on generative bodies of Salix babylonica that is shown in the raised production of sterile pollen and its poor quality that is confirmed by exis - tence of reliable differences between the populations growing in zones with various level of aero technogenic pollution. At plants of an inspection zone quite high rate of sterility - 18% of a man's gametophyte was revealed, however production of abortive pollen had been increasing at the populations growing in zones with the average and high level of pollution by 2,7 times. Calculation of an index of sterility lack of distinctions in production of sterile man's gametes between zones with average and high pollution levels have been revealed. The obtained data allowed making the conclusion that the plants that aren't changing production of abortive pollen in process of increase in pollution are tolerant and can be recommended for gardening of urbophytocenosis. Therefore Salix babylonica is offered to use for gardening of anthropogenous phytocenosis as culture, tolerant to a technogenic stress. Indicator of the raised production of abortive pollen grains in system of environmental monitoring behind the objects of environment has been recommended to use testing various degree of anthropogenous loading.

Pollen morphology of some Tamarix (Tamaricaceae) species of Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 151-161
Author(s):  
T. Shagholi ◽  
M. Keshavarzi ◽  
M. Sheidai
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Methods ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Petal Length ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
High Level ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopes

Tamarix L. (Tamaricaceae) is a halophytic shrub in different parts of Asia and North Africa. Taxonomy and species limitation of Tamarix is very complex. This genus has three sections as Tamarix, Oligadenia, and Polyadenia, which are mainly separated by petal length, the number of stamens, the shape of androecial disk and attachment of filament on the androecial disk. As there was no palynological data on pollen features of Tamarix species of Iran, in the present study 12 qualitative and quantitative pollen features were evaluated to find diagnostic ones. Pollen grains of 8 Tamarix species were collected from nature. Pollen grains were studied without any treatment. Measurements were based on at least 50 pollen grains per specimen. Light and scanning electron microscopes were used. Multivariate statistical methods were applied to clarify the species relationships based on pollen data. All species studied showed monad and tricolpate (except some individuals of T. androssowii). Some Tamarix species show a high level of variability, in response to ecological niches and phenotypic plasticity, which make Tamarix species separation much more difficult. Based on the results of the present study, pollen grains features are not in agreement with previous morphological and molecular genetics about the sectional distinction.

scholarly journals Pain Standards for Accredited Healthcare Organizations (ACDON Project): A Mixed Methods Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Concepción Pérez ◽  
Jimmy Martin-Delgado ◽  
Mercedes Vinuesa ◽  
Pedro J. Ibor ◽  
Mercedes Guilabert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Cancer Pain ◽  
Delphi Technique ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Nominal Group ◽  
Cancer Pain Management ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
High Level

Up to 50% of cancer patients and up to 90% of those in terminal stages experience pain associated with disease progression, poor quality of life, and social impact on caregivers. This study aimed to establish standards for the accreditation of oncological pain management in healthcare organizations. A mixed methods approach was used. First, a pragmatic literature review was conducted. Second, consensus between professionals and patients was reached using the Nominal Group and Delphi technique in a step that involved anesthesiologists, oncologists, family physicians, nurses, psychologists, patient representatives, and caregivers. Third, eight hospitals participated in a pilot assessment of the level of fulfillment of each standard. A total of 37 standards were extracted. The Nominal Group produced additional standards, of which 60 were included in Questionnaire 0 that was used in the Delphi Technique. Two Delphi voting rounds were performed to reach a high level of consensus, and involved 64 and 62 participants with response rates of 90% and 87%, respectively. Finally, 39 standards for the management of cancer pain were agreed upon. In the self-evaluation, the average range of compliance was between 56.4% and 100%. The consensus standards of the ACDON Project might improve the monitoring of cancer pain management. These standards satisfied the demands of professionals and patients and could be used for the accreditation of approaches in cancer pain management.

scholarly journals Male meiosis and pollen morphology in diploid Indonesian wild bananas and cultivars

The Nucleus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fajarudin Ahmad ◽  
Yuyu S. Poerba ◽  
Gert H. J. Kema ◽  
Hans de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Sterility ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Chromosome Analysis ◽  
Male Meiosis ◽  
Enzyme Treatment ◽  
Unreduced Gamete ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Sterile Pollen ◽  
Mother Cells

AbstractBreeding of banana is hampered by its genetic complexity, structural chromosome rearrangements and different ploidy levels. Various scientific disciplines, including cytogenetics, linkage mapping, and bioinformatics, are helpful tools in characterising cultivars and wild relatives used in crossing programs. Chromosome analysis still plays a pivotal role in studying hybrid sterility and structural and numerical variants. In this study, we describe the optimisation of the chromosome spreading protocol of pollen mother cells focusing on the effects of standard fixation methods, duration of the pectolytic enzyme treatment and advantages of fluorescence microscopy of DAPI stained cell spreads. We demonstrate the benefits of this protocol on meiotic features of five wild diploid Musa acuminata bananas and a diploid (AA) cultivar banana “Rejang”, with particular attention on pairing configurations and chromosome transmission that may be indicative for translocations and inversions. Pollen slides demonstrate regular-shaped spores except “Rejang”, which shows fertile pollen grains of different size and sterile pollen grains, suggesting partial sterility and unreduced gamete formation that likely resulted from restitutional meiotic divisions.

scholarly journals High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Circular Cyclocoagulation in Glaucoma: A Step Forward for Cyclodestruction?

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Mastropasqua ◽  
Vincenzo Fasanella ◽  
Alessandra Mastropasqua ◽  
Marco Ciancaglini ◽  
Luca Agnifili
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Ciliary Body ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
High Intensity Focused Ultrasound ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Refractory Glaucoma ◽  
High Level

The ciliary body ablation is still considered as a last resort treatment to reduce the intraocular pressure (IOP) in uncontrolled glaucoma. Several ablation techniques have been proposed over the years, all presenting a high rate of complications, nonselectivity for the target organ, and unpredictable dose-effect relationship. These drawbacks limited the application of cyclodestructive procedures almost exclusively to refractory glaucoma. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), proposed in the early 1980s and later abandoned because of the complexity and side effects of the procedure, was recently reconsidered in a new approach to destroy the ciliary body. Ultrasound circular cyclocoagulation (UC3), by using miniaturized transducers embedded in a dedicated circular-shaped device, permits to selectively treat the ciliary body in a one-step, computer-assisted, and non-operator-dependent procedure. UC3 shows a high level of safety along with a predictable and sustained IOP reduction in patients with refractory glaucoma. Because of this, the indication of UC3 was recently extended also to naïve-to-surgery patients, thus reconsidering the role and timing of ciliary body ablation in the surgical management of glaucoma. This article provides a review of the most used cycloablative techniques with particular attention to UC3, summarizing the current knowledge about this procedure and future possible developments.

scholarly journals Composition, Sources, and Distribution of PM2.5 Saccharides in a Coastal Urban Site of China

Atmosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengxin Xiao ◽  
Qiongzhen Wang ◽  
Xiaofei Qin ◽  
Guangyuan Yu ◽  
Congrui Deng
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Haze Pollution ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Level

The characteristics of biogenic aerosols in an urban area were explored by determining the composition and temporal distribution of saccharides in PM2.5 in Shanghai. The total saccharides showed a wide range of 9.4 ng/m3 to 1652.9 ng/m3, with the averaged concentrations of 133.1 ng/m3, 267.5 ng/m3, 265.1 ng/m3, and 674.4 ng/m3 in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. The saccharides include anhydrosaccharides (levoglucosan and mannosan), which were higher in cold seasons due to the increased biomass burning; saccharide alcohols (mannitol, arabitol, sorbitol); and monosaccharides (fructose, glucose), which were more abundant in warm seasons and attributed to the biological emissions. Through positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis, four emission sources of saccharides were resolved, including biomass burning, fungal spores, plant decomposition, and pollen. Moreover, the process analysis of high concentrations of leveglucosan was conducted by backward trajectory and fire points. We found that concentrations of anhydrosaccharides were relatively stable under different pollution levels, while saccharide alcohols exhibited an obvious decrease with the concentration of PM2.5, indicating that biomass burning was not the core reason for heavy haze pollution. However, high level PM2.5 pollution might inhibit the effects of biological activities.

Voluntary intake, digestibility and rate of passage of a hay and a silage fed to horses and to cattle

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 ◽  
pp. 164-164
Author(s):  
B. McLean ◽  
A. Afzalzadeh ◽  
L. Bates ◽  
R.W. Mayes ◽  
F.D.DeB. Hovell
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Alternative Strategy ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Hind Gut ◽  
Adequate Nutrient

It is well established that the intake and digestibility of roughages by ruminants is positively correlated with rate of passage (ARC, 1980), presumably to enable as complete a microbial degradation of the poorer roughages as possible. On the other hand hind gut fermenters such as horses have been thought to have adopted the alternative strategy of using a high rate of passage to ‘cream’ off the rapidly degradable material of poor quality roughages so as to maintain adequate nutrient intakes. Surprisingly, there are remarkably few actual comparisons between ruminants and hindgut fermenters in the literature. Traditionally dried roughages (hay) and cereal and ‘by-product concentrates’ have been used as horse feeds (grains, brans sugar beet pulp). Recently there has been more interest in the use of silages with horses (eg Smoulders and Hobiers, 1988). However the information as to the utilisation of silages by horses is limited.

708 A NEW DIAGNOSTIC PARADIGM FOR LARYNGOPHARYNGEAL REFLUX DISEASE: CORRELATION OF IMPEDANCE-PH MONITORING AND DIGITAL REFLUX SCINTIGRAPHY RESULTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-soo Park ◽  
Oleksandr Khoma ◽  
Hans Van Der Wall ◽  
Gregory Falk
Keyword(s):  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Ph Monitoring ◽  
Acid Reflux ◽  
High Rate ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Proximal Esophagus ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease ◽  
High Level ◽  
No Gold Standard

Abstract   No gold-standard investigation exists for laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). Multichannel intraluminal impedance (MII)-pH testing has uncertain utility in LPR. Meanwhile, reflux scintigraphy allows immediate and delayed visualisation of tracer reflux in the esophagus, pharynx, and lungs. The present study aimed to correlate MII-pH and scintigraphic reflux results in patients with primary LPR. Methods Consecutive patients with LPR underwent MII-pH and scintigraphic reflux studies. Abnormal values for MII-pH results were defined from existing literature. MII-pH and scintigraphic data were correlated. Results 105 patients with LPR (31 males (29.5%), median age 60 years (range: 20–87)) were studied. Scintigraphic reflux was seen in the pharynx in 94 (90.4%), and in the proximal esophagus in 94 (90.4%). Delayed scintigraphic contamination of the pharynx was seen in 101 patients (96.2%) and in the lungs of 56 patients (53.3%). Abnormal reflux was seen in the distal esophagus in 12.4%, proximal esophagus in 25.7%, and in the pharynx in 82.9%. Patients with poor scintigraphic clearance had higher Demeester scores (p = 0.043), more proximal reflux episodes (p = 0.046), more distal acid reflux episodes (p = 0.023), and longer bolus clearance times (p = 0.002). Conclusion Reflux scintigraphy has a high yield in LPR patients. Scintigraphic time-activity curves correlated with validated MII-pH results. A high rate of pulmonary microaspiration was found in LPR patients. This study demonstrated a high level of pharyngeal contamination by scintigraphy and MII-pH, which supports the use of digital reflux scintigraphy in diagnosing LPR.

Comparative assessment of the dynamics of the incidence of pulmonary and etraulmonary tuberculosis in St. Petersburg for half a century of observation

MedAlliance ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Tb Control ◽  
Complete Restoration ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
High Level ◽  
Clinical Awareness ◽  
Positive Effect

This article describes the results of comparative analysis of the dynamics of incidence of pulmonary tuberculo-sis (TBP), extrapulmonary extrarespiratory tuberculo-sis (TBER) and respiratory extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TBREP) in St. Petersburg (Leningrad) from 1970 to 2019. Throughout the 50 years of observation, epidemiological situation for TBP, especially for TBER, hasmuch improved, with incidence of the latter going down 30 times. Five stages (decades) were identified, within which the factors demonstrate practically the same impact, the growth rate of indicators was calculated for each stage (the value of indicators at the beginning of each stage taken as 100%).The first stage was a simultaneous reduction in the inci-dence rate in all categories of TB localization against the background of socio-economic factors positive effect and organization of effective and comprehensive an-ti-TB measures. In the second stage (1980ies, a period of growing socio-economic problems), the positive dynam-ics of TB incidence stopped and switched to stabilization at a low level. Indicators became more volatile, while TB dynamics by localization more and more desynchro-nized. Тhe third stage (1990iеs, a period of social and economic crisis) was char-acterised by a sharp increase of TB incidence, especially TBREP, with a switch to stabi-lization at a high level. The fourth stage (2000 through 2009, the beginning of TB control system restoration) demonstrated the indicators’ dynamics desynchroniza-tion: the incidence of TBP and TBREP has stabilized, and TBER continued to decline. The fifth stage (2009 through 2019, complete restoration of TB control system) showed a steady trend of incidence rate reduction and return of uniformity in incidence rate of various localizations.There is no increase in the proportion of extrapulmonary TB expected for the incidence decline. TBER incidence had been declining in most stages, with the exception of the 90ies, which could be explained by substandard work in identifying patients, and the rarity of TBER etiological verification. It is necessary to raise the clinical awareness of narrow specialists and general practitioners in the di-agnostic problems associated with TBER.The coincidence of the rate of TB incidence decrease in main localizations in the 1970ies and 2010s proves that a comprehensive state strategy to combat tuberculosis can provide a high rate of TB incidence decrease in various social layers with positive social and economic conditions of life of the population.

scholarly journals Truncated Non-Nuclear Transposable Elements in Grapevine: A Mini Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-227
Author(s):  
A.V. Milovanov ◽  
J. Tello ◽  
U.C.M. Anhalt ◽  
A. Forneck
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Transposable Elements ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Gene Evolution ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Miniature Inverted Transposable Elements ◽  
High Level ◽  
Inner Region

Abstract In this mini-review we present insight to the non-nuclear transposable elements and in silico analysis of miniature inverted transposable elements (MITEs) in the grapevine mitochondrial genome. Here we report the identification of 17 truncated sequences in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) mitochondrial genome which expectedly belongs to the four ancient transposon families (hAT, Tc1Mariner, Mutator and PIF/Harbinger). Some sequences with a high rate of homology in chloroplast and nuclear genomes were also identified. Thus, it suggests the intercellular gene transfer between these three organelles. These partial sequences showed a high level of similitude with full MITE sequences, and they were found in their inner region, supporting their MITE origin. Further analysis revealed these sequences in other life kingdoms (including eubacteria and archaea), which indicates their ancient origin. Further research showed that 13 out of the 17 sequences are conserved domains of the genes where they are located, suggesting their contribution to gene evolution. Therefore, we suppose that more studies of nature, origin and functional meaning of these sequences and their fusion with genes are necessary. In the light of our observations it will be useful for further studies of V. vinifera genome organizing and systematics, as well as for other species.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study to Assess the Quality of Life and Stress among Orphan and Non-orphan Children in Selected Areas of Bagalkot

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (04) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Santosh B Sajjan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Low Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
Moderate Stress

Introduction: The word orphan comes from the Greek word ‘Orfanos’ and refers to a child permanently bereaved of or abandoned by his or her parents. Methods: A non-experimental descriptive comparative design has been adopted for the present study. The sample of the present study comprises orphan children residing in an orphanage and non-orphan children residing in selected areas of Bagalkot. The sample comprised 30 orphans and 30 non-orphans aged between 10 and 16 years. The data were collected by using self-report, structured closed-ended questionnaires for socio-demographic variables of children, self-administered WHO Quality of life BREF scale, and PSS stress scale. The data obtained were analysed with the help of descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: Findings related to the comparison between the level of stress among the orphan and non-orphan children revealed that majority of orphan children (76.66%) had about moderate stress, 23.33% of the orphan children had high stress, and none of the children had a low level of stress, whereas among non-orphan children, majority (90%) had moderate stress, 10% had low level stress, and none of them had high level stress. The findings related to the comparison of levels of quality of life among the orphan and non-orphan children reveal that a high percentage of orphan children (66.66%) had a moderate quality of life and some of them (33.33%) had a poor quality of life, whereas a high number of non-orphan children (66.66%) had a very good quality of life and some (33.33%) had a good quality of life. No significant association was found between the quality of life and stress scores with the socio-demographic variables of orphan and non-orphan children. Conclusion: The study concluded that orphan children need to improve their quality of life and decrease their level of stress.

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