scholarly journals Analysis of the level and dynamics of prices in the pharmaceutical market of Saint Petersburg

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Orlov ◽  
Maria S. Kocherba
Keyword(s):  
Weighted Average ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Anatomic Therapeutic Chemical ◽  
Research Company ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Drug Provision ◽  
Statistical Indicators

This article provides detailed results of an in-depth analysis of the price situation in the pharmaceutical market of Saint Petersburg, based on data from the audit of retail sales and hospital purchases, as well as the audit of preferential drug supply in 2012-2019, provided by the research company DSM Group. Using such statistical indicators as weighted average prices, weighted average prices index, Laspeyres price index and structural shifts index, the analysis of the level and dynamics of prices in the drug market of Saint Petersburg as a whole, as well as in its individual segments-retail, hospital and preferential drug provision segment. The results of a comparative analysis of price changes for medicines included in the List of essential and essential medicines and not included in it, for domestic and imported drugs, as well as for medicines belonging to different pharmacotherapeutic groups of Anatomic-therapeutic-chemical classification and located in different price ranges are presented.

scholarly journals TRANSFORMATIONAL TRENDS AND INNOVATIVE FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WHOLESALE AND RETAIL SECTORS OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
E. A. Bykova
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
The Impact

The article discusses important features of trends in the transformation of the wholesale and retail level of the Russian medicinal market in the context of innovative factors in the development of the pharmaceutical industry in Russia. The paper gives a general assessment of the impact of state regulation of the maximum selling prices for medicines from the list of vital and essential medicines on the profitability of the market. The author presents a simplified institutional scheme of interaction between distributors and other market participants. The study discusses important aspects and tactical steps of the distribution and pharmacy level of the Russian pharmaceutical market. The article gives the ratings of the leading distribution pharmaceutical companies in Russia and analyses the peculiarities of their structural changes under the influence of innovative development factors. The paper gives ratings of leading pharmacy chains and analyses the features of new structural formations – associations. The author proposes the term of “polarization” for wholesale and retail companies.

scholarly journals Problems in the regulatory policy of the drug market

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathália Molleis Miziara ◽  
Diogo Rosenthal Coutinho
Keyword(s):  
Drug Market ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Point Of Sale ◽  
Drug Prices ◽  
Maximum Price ◽  
Regulatory Law ◽  
Regulation Policy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Government Body

OBJECTIVE Analyze the implementation of drug price regulation policy by the Drug Market Regulation Chamber.METHODS This is an interview-based study, which was undertaken in 2012, using semi-structured questionnaires with social actors from the pharmaceutical market, the pharmaceuticals industry, consumers and the regulatory agency. In addition, drug prices were compiled based on surveys conducted in the state of Sao Paulo, at the point of sale, between February 2009 and May 2012.RESULTS The mean drug prices charged at the point of sale (pharmacies) were well below the maximum price to the consumer, compared with many drugs sold in Brazil. Between 2009 and 2012, 44 of the 129 prices, corresponding to 99 drugs listed in the database of compiled prices, showed a variation of more than 20.0% in the mean prices at the point of sale and the maximum price to the consumer. In addition, many laboratories have refused to apply the price adequacy coefficient in their sales to government agencies.CONCLUSIONS The regulation implemented by the pharmaceutical market regulator was unable to significantly control prices of marketed drugs, without succeeding to push them to levels lower than those determined by the pharmaceutical industry and failing, therefore, in its objective to promote pharmaceutical support for the public. It is necessary reconstruct the regulatory law to allow market prices to be reduced by the regulator as well as institutional strengthen this government body.

scholarly journals Changes in pharmaceutical market and “fake drug” problem in the Qing period

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-315
Author(s):  
Jihee CHOI
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Drug Problem ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government

Since ancient times, fake drugs have been on the market in Chinese society. However, during the Ming-Qing Dynasty, this problem intensified as the size of the pharmaceutical market grew, the collection and distribution structure of pharmaceutical products became increasingly complex, and the phenomenon of separation between the prescription and distribution of drugs advanced. Additionally, the government did not manage the manufacturing or quality of drugs and there was no law or institution designed to solve the problem of fake drugs. Furthermore, social opinion also criticized the widespread problem of fake drugs, and patients and doctors had to rely on various pharmacognostic books and medical knowledge to find reliable drugs in the drug market.<br>Meanwhile, as merchants participated and invested commercial capital in the pharmaceutical industry, large reputable pharmacies began to emerge in large cities and produced drugs. With the commercialization of the pharmaceutical market, the public gained interest in drugs and consumed drugs produced by these pharmacies. Moreover, there were frequent problems in the market as fake drugs imitating popular drugs were distributed and the names of famous pharmacies were stolen. Although fake drugs were a universal social problem, the Qing government was reluctant to strictly control them tried to solve this issue by enforcing banning and punishment through local governments. Prominent pharmacies filed several lawsuits against the government over the theft of fake drugs and drug names. They also advertised the legitimacy and authenticity of drugstore to the public and customers. Doctors and merchants responded to the problem of fake drugs by following occupational morality, developing drug discrimination, cracking down on organizational discipline, filing complaints with government offices, and advertising their authenticity. However, the fake medicines did not easily disappear despite such a response, as there was no state control or legislation. Evidently, the pharmaceutical market was already highly commercialized and its structure were complex. Moreover, the financial benefits of fake drugs, competition in the pharmaceutical market, and public demand for drugs with similar effects at low prices also affected the popularity of fake drugs. Hence, the distribution of fake medicine in the Qing society can be seen as a phenomenon of separation between the prescription and distribution of drugs, commercialization and consumption of drugs, and competition on the medical market.

scholarly journals ANTIHISTAMINES: RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS OF THE REGIONAL RETAIL MARKET

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 400-409
Author(s):  
V. V. Prokopenko ◽  
T. I. Kabakova ◽  
M. V. Chernikov ◽  
A. B. Goryachev ◽  
S. A. Mikhailova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Price Range ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Trade Names ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Drug Provision

the aim. Focused on optimizing the assortment portfolio of pharmacy organizations and improving the process of drug supply to end-consumers, the aim of the study was to analyze the regional pharmaceutical market for antihistamines.Materials and methods. In the study, the following methods were used: a content analysis of regulatory documents; a documentary observation method of the volume of antihistamines sales; a sociological survey method. The objects of the study were accounting registers in 32 pharmacy organizations for 2020, as well as the sociological survey results of 174 respondents – consumers of antihistamines.Results. The classification analysis of 38 international non-proprietary trade names of antihistamines, represented by 187 names of drugs, revealed the prevalence of the first-generation drugs (63%). On the Russian pharmaceutical market, there were also 55% of foreign production drugs. At the regional level, there are 66 types of drugs in circulation, 50% of which are second-generation ones. The cost analysis showed rather a wide rage of the pricing proposal and the economic availability of antihistamines for patients. The sociological survey revealed the fact that 46% of the consumers were ready to pay for the necessary drugs in the price range “over 100 and up to 500 rubles” (over $ 1.38 and up to $ 6.88) for one conventional package. A medical-demographic profile of the antihistamines consumer at the regional level has been made up, and guidelines for pharmaceutical specialists on managing the assortment portfolio of pharmaceutical organizations have been developed.Conclusion. As a result of the study, the following facts have been established: the seasonal peaks in the antihistamines consumption; a gradual renewal of the pharmacies assortment portfolio due to the increased consumption of the second and third generation antihistamines. The medical and demographic profile of the consumer should be taken into consideration when planning a drug provision for the patients with allergic pathologies, and it is connected with the growth in pharmacies profits due to the sale of drugs in the range from 100 to 500 rubles (from $ 1.38 to $ 6.88). The methodical recommendations have been brought to the attention of the management of regional pharmacy organizations.

Gradient of Russian pharmaceutical market development in covid conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
E.A. Krasilnikova
Keyword(s):  
Drug Market ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Commercial Sector ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Online Sales

In 2020, markets are showing both unpredictable and anticipated development trends. The pharmaceutical market was no exception. Turnover of the commercial drug market in 2020 amounted to 1,128 billion rubles, which is 10.6% more than in the previous year. Parapharmaceutical sales amounted to RUB 279 billion in 2020. In the analyzed period, state purchases of pharmaceuticals reached 634 billion rubles. It was expected an increase in Pharma-2020’s turnover in value terms; the basis for the increase was over-the-counter drugs and domestically produced drugs. At the same time, in the statistics of packaging, a decrease in sales was observed in the commercial sector of medicines — by 2.3%, and in parapharmaceuticals — by 15.4%, and in hospital purchases — by 15.0%. According to the results of the analysis, there is an increase in the consumption of expensive drugs, as well as a redistribution of demand to the segment of large packages. The share of online sales in the pharmaceutical market for the monitored 2020 increased from 5.5% in January to 8.2% in December. The share of expensive drugs in the online segment is higher than in the offline segment.

СOVID-19 as an Indicator of Customer Value in the Medicine Market

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 5443-5446
Author(s):  
Tatiana Boriskina Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Customer Value ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Drug Manufacturer ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Classical Approach ◽  
Total Change ◽  
Consumer Value

COVID 19 virus has made significant changes in our lives and has led to a total change in the formats of interaction between the consumer and the seller in the pharmaceutical market. Health suddenly became customer value approach the choice of a medicine differently. The classical approach to the formation of consumer value in the drug market is losing its relevance. What really determines consumer value in the pharmaceutical market? What can a drug manufacturer offer in response to a consumer's consumer aspirations? This article reflects the attempts of the authors to determine the parameters of changed consumer behavior within the values of the pharmaceutical market.

scholarly journals Understanding profit margins of medical providers from prescription drugs: evidence from Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-280
Author(s):  
Ya-Ming  Liu
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Medical Providers ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Profit Margins

Abstract Background This study empirically estimates the magnitude and associated determinants of profit margins that medical providers earn from prescription drugs based on Taiwan’s pharmaceutical market. Methods Our main data set is from the population-based claims data compiled by the National Health Insurance Research Database covering three waves of price adjustment: July–December 2004, October 2007–September 2008 and October 2009–September 2010. Only drugs whose reimbursement prices were adjusted using the R-zone formula were used as samples for this study. By calculating the difference between retail and wholesale prices for 796 pharmaceutical products, we can estimate the profit margin determinants using the regression model. Results We found evidence that suppliers of generic drugs tend to offer larger discounts to medical providers than suppliers of brand-name drugs. In addition, the countervailing power of wholesale pharmaceuticals, as measured by the discount rate offered by pharmaceutical manufacturers, is positively associated with the degree of competition within the pharmaceutical market and the size of the market itself. Conclusions Our findings imply that the profit-seeking behaviour exhibited by medical providers is the engine of competitive forces in Taiwan’s prescription drug market. This creates financial incentives for them, which in turn influences their choices of prescription drugs.

scholarly journals Counterfeit Antimalarials and the Commodification of Health

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
Stephanie Marciniak
Keyword(s):  
Artemisinin Combination Therapy ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Humanitarian Organizations ◽  
Substandard Medicines ◽  
Daunting Task ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Counterfeit and substandard medicines are a persistent threat to the global control and eradication of infectious diseases. The issue is particularly acute in developing countries due to the lack of local and international pharmaceutical surveillance networks that ultimately enables this industry to thrive . In this context, the inability to fulfill the fundamental right of individuals to access life-saving essential medicines is a critical public health challenge. Accordingly, this paper analyzes the crisis of counterfeit and substandard antimalarials in sub-Saharan Africa through a multidimensional framework. Of primary importance is the vulnerability of healthcare systems to market-driven forces which facilitates the emergence and sustainability of barriers in the access to high-quality antimalarials. Consequently, the proliferation of the informal drug market is contextualized by the dire need for affordable malaria treatment and cultural perceptions of the quality of care from formal sectors (e.g., clinics, hospitals). The impact of counterfeit antimalarials cannot be understated, ranging from increased morbidity, such as adverse effects from substandard product ingredients, to heightening the resistance of populations to the final line of antimalarial treatment (artemisinin-combination therapy). The ability of international humanitarian organizations and various levels of government to combat the issue of counterfeit medicines remains a daunting task, as the right to health has become a commodity.

scholarly journals »En mexicansk blondine der sparker røv«

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-397
Author(s):  
Marie Højlund Bræmer ◽  
Thomas Friis Søgaard
Keyword(s):  
Drug Users ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Short Message ◽  
Drug Markets ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Message Service ◽  
Cognitive Techniques ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractIn recent decades, the selling and purchasing of illicit drugs has been increasingly mediated by use of communication technologies such as mobile phones and social media apps. While the risk of police intervention has traditionally restricted dealers’ use of advertisements to attract customers, the increasing technologization of retail-level drug markets has opened up new avenues for dealers’ use of proactive marketing. This article contributes to the understanding of current transformations of the retail-level drug market by providing insight into how drug dealers compete for and try to attract customers by use of strategic and targeted advertising. Based on an in-depth analysis of the textual and visual content of 99 illicit »drug commercials« circulated through SMS-based (Short Message Service) drug lines, we demonstrate how drug dealers draw on a number of psychological and cognitive techniques such as repetition, association, humour, hooks, slogans and storytelling, all of which are also found in legal marketing. We conclude by arguing that there is a need for more studies on how »drug commercials« affect drug users’ purchasing practices, including their choice of dealer.

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