scholarly journals A meta-analysis of prenatal diagnosis of congenital malformations of the airways

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Liudmila B. Kuranova ◽  
Dmitrii V. Breusenko ◽  
Maria L. Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Ex Utero Intrapartum Treatment ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Primal Method

Congenital malformations of the respiratory tract is an important issue. They cause more than 100 deaths annually in the Russian Federation. The definition and classification of congenital malformations of the respiratory tract are described and developed by Je. A. Cvetkov. The ultrasound is the primal method used in prenatal diagnosis of congenital malformations of the upper respiratory tract. Starting from the age of 17-23 weeks old, the ultrasound shows the following signs: hyperechoic lungs, dilatation of the lower respiratory tract, flattening of the diaphragm. This ultrasound pattern is typical for Congenital High Airway Obstruction Syndrome (CHAOS). If the doctor suspects an identifying of these signs, a follow-up examination is recommended. If the congenital obstruction of the upper respiratory tract is diagnosed during the pregnancy, the childbirth for patients must be performed in the hospital, where it is possible to perform tracheotomy and artificial ventilation of the lungs to the newborn, to operate him with placental support. This type of surgical treatment by the EXIT method (The ex utero intrapartum treatment procedure) is a new stage in neonatal surgery. A meta-analysis of 15 articles in the foreign literature about the detection of CHAOS from 1993 to 2014 was conducted. The analysis includes studies with more than 5 described cases. The statistics of diagnosis and treatment of congenital malformations of the larynx of patients of the ENT clinic of SPbSPMU for the period from 2003 to 2016 with the diagnosis of congenital malformation of the larynx is presented.

Effects of procalcitonin testing on antibiotic use and clinical outcomes in patients with upper respiratory tract infections. An individual patient data meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Odermatt ◽  
Natalie Friedli ◽  
Alexander Kutz ◽  
Matthias Briel ◽  
Heiner C. Bucher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Antibiotic Exposure ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Restricted Activity ◽  
Tract Infections

AbstractBackground:Several trials found procalcitonin (PCT) helpful for guiding antibiotic treatment in patients with lower respiratory tract infections and sepsis. We aimed to perform an individual patient data meta-analysis on the effects of PCT guided antibiotic therapy in upper respiratory tract infections (URTI).Methods:A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted using PubMed (MEDLINE) and Cochrane Library to identify relevant studies published until September 2016. We reanalysed individual data of adult URTI patients with a clinical diagnosis of URTI. Data of two trials were used based on PRISMA-IPD guidelines. Safety outcomes were (1) treatment failure defined as death, hospitalization, ARI-specific complications, recurrent or worsening infection at 28 days follow-up; and (2) restricted activity within a 14-day follow-up. Secondary endpoints were initiation of antibiotic therapy, and total days of antibiotic exposure.Results:In total, 644 patients with a follow up of 28 days had a final diagnosis of URTI and were thus included in this analysis. There was no difference in treatment failure (33.1% vs. 34.0%, OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.7–1.4; p=0.896) and days with restricted activity between groups (8.0 vs. 8.0 days, regression coefficient 0.2 (95% CI –0.4 to 0.9), p=0.465). However, PCT guided antibiotic therapy resulted in lower antibiotic prescription (17.8% vs. 51.0%, OR 0.2, 95% CI 0.1–0.3; p<0.001) and in a 2.4 day (95% CI –2.9 to –1.9; p<0.001) shorter antibiotic exposure compared to control patients.Conclusions:PCT guided antibiotic therapy in the primary care setting was associated with reduced antibiotic exposure in URTI patients without compromising outcomes.

scholarly journals Associations of maternal upper respiratory tract infection/influenza during early pregnancy with congenital heart disease in offspring: evidence from a case-control study and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Q. Xia ◽  
K. N. Zhao ◽  
A. D. Zhao ◽  
J. Z. Zhu ◽  
H. F. Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Evidences regarding the associations between maternal upper respiratory tract infection/influenza during pregnancy and the risk of congenital heart disease (CHD) is still controversial. This study was specifically designed to examine the associations by a case-control study and a meta-analysis of the published evidences and our finding. Methods A hospital-based case-control study involving 262 children with simple CHD and 262 children with complex CHD, along with 262 control children, was conducted through June, 2016 to December, 2017. All children were aged 0–2 years old. Furthermore, a meta-analysis based on both previously published studies and our case-control study was performed. Results In the case-control study, after adjusting for possible confounders, maternal upper respiratory tract infection/influenza during early pregnancy was found to be related to an increased risk of CHD (OR = 3.40 and 95% CI: 2.05–5.62 for simple CHD; OR = 2.39 and 95% CI: 1.47–3.88 for complex CHD). After a meta-analysis, the adverse impact was still kept significant (OR = 1.47 and 95% CI: 1.28–1.67 for simple CHD; OR = 1.44 and 95% CI: 1.14–1.75 for complex CHD). The very similar associations were also observed among single type of CHD, herein, ventricular septal defects (VSD) and tetralogy of fallot (TOF) in the case-control study. In the subsequent meta-analysis, however, the significant association only existed in VSD. Conclusions Although there is still conflicting in TOF, the results are overall consistent, which provide new enforced evidence that maternal upper respiratory tract infection/influenza during early pregnancy, in general, play an important role in the occurrence of CHD.

Ultrasonographic prenatal diagnosis of upper respiratory tract atresia

1992 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 673-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Weston ◽  
H J Porter ◽  
P J Berry ◽  
H S Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Prenatal diagnosis of lung malformations and upper respiratory tract in fetuses with trisomy 21

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
U.A. Strupeneva, E.S. Nekrasova, E.V. Lisina
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Trisomy 21 ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome ◽  
Laryngeal Atresia ◽  
Upper Respiratory

The features of the development of the respiratory system in children with Down syndrome and related with that diseases of lungs and upper respiratory tract in children in early childhood are presented. Two cases of prenatal diagnosis of cystic adenomatous malformation type Ш and laryngeal atresia in fetuses with trisomy 21 are described.

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