scholarly journals Features of morphological changes of the liver’s tissue in cases of sudden cardiac death because of alcoholic cardiomyopathy

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga V Sokolova ◽  
Ruslan A Nasyrov
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
The Body ◽  
Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Endothelial Lining ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Morphological Criteria

A retrospective analysis of acts of forensic autopsies from the archives of St Petersburg GBOOSE BSME and histological examination of liver tissue in an amount of 152 cases (78 women and 74 men) with a statistical processing of the results for studying and evaluating the morphological changes of liver’s tissue in cases of sudden cardiac death from alcohol cardiomyopathy. Identified in the course of the study morphological changes in the endothelial lining of the microvasculature showed that in addition to direct cytotoxic effects of ethanol and its metabolites in the basis of damage to the endothelial lining of the microvasculature are the cellular responses associated with exposure to mediators, the release of which is due to irritation of reactive cells, which entails a swelling deformation and increased activity endothelial cell membranes with the expansion of intercellular spaces. The development of increased permeability of the endothelial lining of transport contributes to a violation of electrolytes and nutrients to the changes of the liver’s tissue trophism, which is a substrate for the occurrence of degenerative processes and necrobiotic major structural components of the body. In turn, a direct toxic effect of ethanol and its metabolites on the wall microvascular contributes to ischemia and necrosis of the hepatocytes with the development of severe inflammatory reactions in the surrounding liver tissue, which in turn is the direct cause of the disturbances regeneration nature and excessive proliferation connective tissue with the subsequent restructuring of the vascular bed. Identified and described the morphological criteria of changes in liver’s tissue in cases of death from alcoholic cardiomyopathy should be considered in conjunction with other visceral manifestations, being a reflection of the alcohol intoxication in chronic alcoholism.

Morphological characteristic and assessment of changesin the main structural components of the histohematological barrier of the thyroid tissue in cases of the sudden cardiac death from alcoholic cardiomyopathy

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Olga V. Sokolova ◽  
Orazmurad D. Yagmurov ◽  
Ruslan A. Nasyrov
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Cytotoxic Action ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Endothelial Lining ◽  
Gland Tissue ◽  
Thyroid Gland Tissue

A retrospective analysis of acts of forensic medical autopsies from the archive of St. Petersburg GBUS BSME and a histological study of thyroid gland tissue in 188 cases (95 women and 93 men) were carried out with statistical processing of the obtained results for the purpose of studying and assessing the morphological changes in the main components of the histohematological barrier of thyroid gland tissue in cases of the sudden cardiac death from alcoholic cardiomyopathy. The decrease in the weight of the thyroid gland in the investigated cases and the revealed morphological signs, indicative of a decrease in the memory function of the thyroid gland were found and can be caused by the prolonged toxic effect of ethanol and its metabolites. Morphological changes in the endothelial lining of the vessels of the microcirculatory bed are caused both by the direct cytotoxic action of ethanol and its metabolites and by the action of mediators, the release of which occurs as a result of stimulation of the reactive cells, which leads to swelling, deformation and increased activity of endothelial cell membranes with the expansion of intercellular spaces and the development of increased permeability of the endothelial lining, which, in its turn, contributes to disruption of electrolyte transport and nutrients transport with changes trophism thyroid gland tissue, which is a substrate for the appearance of dystrophic and necrobiotic processes in main structural components of the histogematogenous barrier of the thyroid gland. The revealed morphological changes in thyroid gland tissue in cases of death from alcoholic cardiomyopathy have a non-specific nature and should be considered in conjunction with other visceral manifestations that are a reflection of alcohol intoxication during the chronic alcoholism.

scholarly journals Cardiac and vascular changes in the patho- and morphogenesis of alcohol use disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 2436
Author(s):  
V. S. Paukov ◽  
Yu. A. Kirillov ◽  
Yu. A. Erokhin ◽  
I. A. Chernov
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vascular Changes ◽  
Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Addiction Medicine ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities

Aim. To reveal the patho- and morphogenesis of microvascular injury, cardiac and vascular changes in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and the role of cardiovascular pathology in the thanatogenesis of patients with chronic alcohol intoxication.Material and methods. The study was carried out using the data of 1118 autopsies of patients with AUD. We used histological, immuno-histochemical, electron microscopic and biochemical methods, as well as morphometrics with statistical processing of the results.Results. Most patients with binge drinking developed alcoholic cardiomyopathy, cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial fatty degeneration, microvascular arteriolosclerosis and hyalinosis, diffuse focal sclerosis, as well as mitochondrial swelling and fragmentation of cristae in cardio-myocytes (CMC). The proportion of damaged CMC was 30,9±0,6%. Sclerosis affected 20,1±0,9% of the stroma. If alcohol was abandoned or consumed within the basal metabolic rate, these changes were reversible. With alcoholism, alcoholic cardiomyopathy, arteriosclerosis and arteriolosclerosis progressed. Compared with the binge drinking, the proportion of damaged CMC (44,8±1,1%) and the cardiosclerosis area (28,1±0,5%) significantly increased. Mallory bodies with autoantigen properties were detected. Morphological changes became irreversible.Conclusion. The data obtained identified the need for AUD isolation as an independent nosological entity with stage-by-stage pathogenesis. In the stage of binge drinking, the compensatory and adaptive capabilities of the body are preserved. With appropriate treatment, this stage of AUD is treatable. In the stage of alcoholism, changes in organs and tissues are irreversible, and it is more advisable for addiction medicine physicians to deal with palliative treatment of such patients.

Postmortem Specificity of Troponin for Acute Miocard Infarction Diagnosis throug Qualitative Dosing from Pericardial Fluid

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2482-2486
Author(s):  
Iuliana Hunea ◽  
Simona Irina Damian ◽  
Carmen Corina Radu ◽  
Sorin Moldoveanu ◽  
Tatiana Iov
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Pericardial Fluid ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Lethal Arrhythmia ◽  
Myocardial Lesions

Cardiac disease is the leading cause of death, and sudden cardiac death occupies the first place in sudden deaths of natural causes. Sudden cardiac death due to lethal arrhythmia may be the first manifestation of a cardiac disease, such cases becoming suspect dead, thus forensic cases. The autopsy performed in such cases may reveal important cardiovascular disease but not obvious macroscopic or histological changes of acute myocardial infarction (IMA), except for cases of survival for several hours after the onset of the symptomatology. Biochemical markers were used to test for myocardial lesions in the absence of morphological changes. Methods for determining myoglobin, CK-MB, troponin T (cTn T), troponin I (cTn I) were introduced to the clinic to diagnose the condition of patients with chest pain as early as the 1990s. The lack of pathognomonic elements in corps investigations, where part of the analysis cannot be carried out, requires verification of the value of the investigations that can be carried out, with reference to the biochemical in the present case, in establishing the diagnosis with certainty.

scholarly journals Causes of sudden cardiac death in athletes

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Dejana Popovic ◽  
Miodrag Ostojic ◽  
Nada Popovic ◽  
Stanimir Stojiljkovic ◽  
Ljiljana Scepanovic
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Blunt Impact ◽  
Dilatative Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
The Right

Introduction Sudden cardiac death in athletes is a growing problem, despite the huge existing knowledge in medicine and sports. Effects of vigorous physical activity In response to vigorous physical activity, the body undergoes profound morphologic and functional changes. These changes are usually healthy, but sometimes may gravitate to some cardiac diseases. But still, most sudden cardiac deaths are due to previous unknown diseases. Causes of sudden cardiac death The most common cause of sudden cardiac death in athletes is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Other reasons are congenital coronary artery anomalies, myocarditis, dilatative cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy of the right ventricle, sarcoidosis, mitral valve prolapse, aortic valve stenosis, atherosclerosis, long QT syndrome, and blunt impact to the chest. Conclusion Bearing in mind the above mentioned, more frequent physical examinations of athletes are recommended.

Morphological Changes Associated with Hemodynamically Significant Myocardial Bridges in Sudden Cardiac Death

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (07) ◽  
pp. 406-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hostiuc ◽  
G. Curca ◽  
D. Dermengiu ◽  
S. Dermengiu ◽  
M. Hostiuc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Myocardial Bridges

The Role of Hyperhomocysteinemia in the Development of Changes in the Lungs

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-59
Author(s):  
Inga Samborska ◽  
Oleksandr Kovalchuk ◽  
Sharmila Fagoonee ◽  
Tetyana Falalyeyeva ◽  
Oleksandr Maievskyi
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Endothelial Lining ◽  
Gas Metabolism ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: In recent years, attention of the scientific community has been drawn to the study of the role of homocysteine in the pathology of diseases in general and the respiratory system in particular. Violations of the synthesis and disposal of homocysteine are the cause of its excessive accumulation in the body, which subsequently leads to damage to all organs and systems. Methods: We conducted this study on 64 white non-linear rats of 6-8 and 24-26 months old rats, which were divided into two control and experimental groups during the experiment. The study of ultrastructural changes in the lungs of rats was performed using an electron microscope. Results: The results of the conducted study show that all the animals of the experimental group, corresponding to 32 (50%) cases, possess conspicuous morphological changes in the structure of the lungs. : The specific features of mature animals were the narrowing of the alveolar space of the part of the alveoli and the increase in the number of macrophages in them. Partial desquamation of capillary endothelial lining and a slight increase of collagen fibers in interalveolar membranes were observed compared to control animals. A characteristic feature for older animals was the growth of connective tissue, predominantly collagen fibers, which led to pneumosclerosis. The thickening of the aerogemic barrier was also detected, and the endothelial lining was intermittent or desquamated. Conclusion: Mature animals of the experimental group were characterized by activation of inflammatory processes, oxidative stress, due to increased production of macrophages and, as a consequence, the launch of the humorous link of immunity, while in old rats were determined by fibrosis, disorders of the trophic and gas metabolism, as well as damage to the endothelium part of lungs.

scholarly journals Sudden Cardiac Death of a Body Packer Due to Cocaine Cardiotoxicity

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. CPath.S41070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parthasarathi Pramanik ◽  
Raghvendra Kumar Vidua
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Packer ◽  
Autopsy Examination

This article presents a case of sudden cardiac death due to the effects of cocaine concealed in the body of a male drug smuggler in his 40s, a so-called body packer. A total of 57 body packets filled with cocaine powder were discovered in his body cavities. The detailed autopsy examination, including histopathology and toxicology findings, is discussed with the aim of describing the mechanism of cocaine intoxication in the body packer and an analysis of cocaine-induced cardiotoxicity and sudden death.

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