scholarly journals Results of analytic and epidemiologic research of external risk factors for multiple sclerosis among moscow population

2021 ◽  
Vol XXX (3-4) ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
N. F. Smirnova ◽  
А. N. Boiko ◽  
Т. L. Djemina ◽  
Е. I. Gusev
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Epidemiologic Research ◽  
External Risk ◽  
Moscow Population ◽  
Diet Habits

Results of epidemiologic reseach of environmental risс factors for multiple sclerosis among Moscow population are given. It was shown, that provoking factors for development or exacerbation this pathology are infections and stress situations. Diet habits, chronic bacterial infections of respiratory tract are significant too. The obtained results can be used in development of a certain diet and preventive measures.

scholarly journals Hospital-diagnosed infections before age 20 and risk of a subsequent multiple sclerosis diagnosis

Brain ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Xu ◽  
Kelsi A Smith ◽  
Ayako Hiyoshi ◽  
Fredrik Piehl ◽  
Tomas Olsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Cns Infection ◽  
Cns Infections ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis

Abstract The involvement of specific viral and bacterial infections as risk factors for multiple sclerosis has been studied extensively. However, whether this extends to infections in a broader sense is less clear and little is known about whether risk of a multiple sclerosis diagnosis is associated with other types and sites of infections, such as of the CNS. This study aims to assess if hospital-diagnosed infections by type and site before age 20 years are associated with risk of a subsequent multiple sclerosis diagnosis and whether this association is explained entirely by infectious mononucleosis, pneumonia, and CNS infections. Individuals born in Sweden between 1970–1994 were identified using the Swedish Total Population Register (n = 2,422,969). Multiple sclerosis diagnoses from age 20 years and hospital-diagnosed infections before age 20 years were identified using the Swedish National Patient Register. Risk of a multiple sclerosis diagnosis associated with various infections in adolescence (11–19 years) and earlier childhood (birth-10 years) was estimated using Cox regression, with adjustment for sex, parental socioeconomic position, and infection type. None of the infections by age 10 years were associated with risk of a multiple sclerosis diagnosis. Any infection in adolescence increased the risk of a multiple sclerosis diagnosis (hazard ratio 1.33, 95% confidence interval 1.21–1.46) and remained statistically significant after exclusion of infectious mononucleosis, pneumonia, and CNS infection (hazard ratio 1.17, 95% confidence interval 1.06–1.30). CNS infection in adolescence (excluding encephalomyelitis to avoid including acute disseminated encephalitis) increased the risk of a multiple sclerosis diagnosis (hazard ratio 1.85, 95% confidence interval 1.11–3.07). The increased risk of a multiple sclerosis diagnosis associated with viral infection in adolescence was largely explained by infectious mononucleosis. Bacterial infections in adolescence increased risk of a multiple sclerosis diagnosis, but the magnitude of risk reduced after excluding infectious mononucleosis, pneumonia and CNS infection (hazard ratio 1.31, 95% confidence interval 1.13–1.51). Respiratory infection in adolescence also increased risk of a multiple sclerosis diagnosis (hazard ratio 1.51, 95% confidence interval 1.30–1.75), but was not statistically significant after excluding infectious mononucleosis and pneumonia. These findings suggest that a variety of serious infections in adolescence, including novel evidence for CNS infections, are risk factors for a subsequent multiple sclerosis diagnosis, further demonstrating adolescence is a critical period of susceptibility to environmental exposures that raise the risk of a multiple sclerosis diagnosis. Importantly, this increased risk cannot be entirely explained by infectious mononucleosis, pneumonia, or CNS infections.

scholarly journals Environmental factors and a risk for multiple sclerosis in the Altai Territory

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
I. P. Saldan ◽  
I. V. Smagina ◽  
S. A. Elchaninova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Whooping Cough ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Oil Refineries

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic dysimmune neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system, the risk of which depends on genetic and environmental factors. The Altai Territory of the Russian Federation shows an increase in the prevalence of MS from 15.5 cases per 100,000population in 1984 to 56.1 in 2017.Objective: to identify potential environmental risk factors for MS in the Altai Territory.Patients and methods. A one-stage randomized study using the method of analytical epidemiology covered 200patients with MS and 200 volunteers without this condition, the representatives of European ethnicity, who were born and lived in the Altai Territory. The investigators surveyed the patients, analyzed their medical records, and assessed the relationship of the prevalence of MS to the characteristics of the territories of residence.Results and discussion. The prevalence of MS was 1.8 times higher in cities and towns than in villages (p=0.003), in areas with heavy metal (lead and molybdenum) ore deposits, chemical and oil refineries located within a 5-km radius from the place of residence. The risk of MS is unassociated with measles, rubella, chicken pox, mumps, whooping cough, herpes infection, chronic nasopharyngeal bacterial infections, diabetes mellitus, allergic status, and contact with household, agricultural, metal, and medicinal poisons, organic solvents, and oil products.Conclusion.The identified environmental risk factors can serve as a basis for recommendations for the prevention of MS in persons at high genetic risk for this disease.

scholarly journals Incidence of multiple sclerosis and prevalence of its risk factors in Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 98-105
Author(s):  
A. V. Svetlichnaya ◽  
Yu. E. Vyazovichenko ◽  
N. I. Torchinskiy ◽  
V. A. Korshunov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Subjective Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Far Eastern

Aim. To study the incidence and prevalence of multiple sclerosis risk factors in Russian Federation from 2009 to 2019.Materials and Methods. We used official records of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation and conducted a survey of 50 patients with multiple sclerosis (16 men and 34 women) admitted to the Sechenov University Clinic of Neurological Disorders to determine subjective risk factors.Results. Current incidence of multiple sclerosis in Russian Federation is 3.8 per 100,000 population, with a steady increase from 2009 to 2019. The highest and the lowest incidence values were registered in the Central Federal District (4.5 per 100,000 population) and Far Eastern Federal District (2.0 per 100,000 population). The most common subjective risk factors were female gender, past medical history of viral diseases, chronic bacterial infections, and emotional stress.Conclusion. Incidence of multiple sclerosis in Russian Federation is currently rising that highlights the need in the improved therapeutic protocols.

Environmental Risk Factors in Multiple Sclerosis Questionnaire

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pugliatti ◽  
I. Casetta ◽  
J. Drulovic ◽  
E. Granieri ◽  
T. Holmøy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors

Graft detachments in endothelial keratoplasty

2021 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-318092
Author(s):  
Rashmi Deshmukh ◽  
Sridevi Nair ◽  
Darren Shu Jeng Ting ◽  
Tushar Agarwal ◽  
Jacqueline Beltz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Endothelial Keratoplasty ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty ◽  
Secondary Interventions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
Donor Graft

Graft detachment is the most common complication of endothelial keratoplasty. With the ongoing advancements in the field of endothelial keratoplasty, our understanding of risk factors of graft detachments and its management has been evolving. Various prevention measures have been described in literature including presoaking the donor graft, anterior chamber tamponade, venting incisions, sutures to prevent dislocation of graft. Management of a detached graft involves secondary interventions such as rebubbling, suturing and regrafts. In this review, we discuss graft detachment in different types of endothelial keratoplasty techniques including Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty, Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty and Descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty; with emphasis on incidence, risk factors, preventive measures and their management.

scholarly journals Prospective cohort study on hospitalised patients with suspected urinary tract infection and risk factors por multidrug resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Garcia-Bustos ◽  
Ana Isabel Renau Escrig ◽  
Cristina Campo López ◽  
Rosario Alonso Estellés ◽  
Koen Jerusalem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Tract Infections

AbstractUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections and a frequent cause for hospitalization in the elderly. The aim of our study was to analyse epidemiological, microbiological, therapeutic, and prognostic of elderly hospitalised patients with and to determine independent risk factors for multidrug resistance and its outcome implications. A single-centre observational prospective cohort analysis of 163 adult patients hospitalized for suspected symptomatic UTI in the Departments of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Short-Stay Medical Unit of a tertiary hospital was conducted. Most patients currently admitted to hospital for UTI are elderly and usually present high comorbidity and severe dependence. More than 55% met sepsis criteria but presented with atypical symptoms. Usual risk factors for multidrug resistant pathogens were frequent. Almost one out of five patients had been hospitalized in the 90 days prior to the current admission and over 40% of patients had been treated with antibiotic in the previous 90 days. Infection by MDR bacteria was independently associated with the previous stay in nursing homes or long-term care facilities (LTCF) (OR 5.8, 95% CI 1.17–29.00), permanent bladder catheter (OR 3.55, 95% CI 1.00–12.50) and urinary incontinence (OR 2.63, 95% CI 1.04–6.68). The degree of dependence and comorbidity, female sex, obesity, and bacteraemia were independent predictors of longer hospital stay. The epidemiology and presentation of UTIs requiring hospitalisation is changing over time. Attention should be paid to improve management of urinary incontinence, judicious catheterisation, and antibiotic therapy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document