А. Bethe. About the neurofibrils in the ganglion cells of vertebrates and. their relations with the Golginets.— Archives f. microscope. Anatomy, Vol. 55, 1900. p. 513

1901 ◽  
Vol IX (1) ◽  
pp. 214-217
Author(s):  
A. Geberg
Keyword(s):  
Purkinje Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Small Cells ◽  
Direct Continuation ◽  
Cornu Ammonis ◽  
Cerebellar Molecular Layer ◽  
Axial Cylinder

The first part of this work is a direct continuation of the above abstracted one and contains a description of primary fibrils in various types of nerve cells (Cornu Ammonis cells, Purkinje cells, small cells of the cerebellar molecular layer, nuclei dentati cells, brain and gelatinosae cn.) note only some of the results obtained by the author. Въ axially cylindrical. process nerv. the cell and, in particular, in the cone, the fibrils are distributed equally; there are no gaps left in which the lumps of Nissl could fit. In the formation of an axial cylinder. The process involves only a part (bescheidene Anzahl) of the fibrils, most of which serve to connect the protoplasm. processes between themselves. As for the dendrites, in them some of the primary fibrils end freely, as it were, sparsely shaped, on the surface of the process; it can meet at various points along the protoplasm. process.

Ultrasturcture of cerebellar cells and neuropil in rats subjected to partial global cerebral ischemia

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 126-127
Author(s):  
R.V.W. Dimlich ◽  
M.H. Biros
Keyword(s):  
Purkinje Cells ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Granule Cells ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Global Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Forebrain Ischemia ◽  
Substantial Evidence ◽  
Cerebellar Cells

Although a previous study in this laboratory determined that Purkinje cells of the rat cerebellum did not appear to be damaged following 30 min of forebrain ischemia followed by 30 min of reperfusion, it was suggested that an increase in rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and/or polysomes had occurred in these cells. The primary objective of the present study was to morphometrically determine whether or not this increase had occurred. In addition, since there is substantial evidence that glial cells may be affected by ischemia earlier than other cell types, glial cells also were examined. To ascertain possible effects on other cerebellar components, granule cells and neuropil near Purkinje cells as well as neuropil in the molecular layer also were evaluated in this investigation.

EVIDENCE FOR THE EXISTENCE OF FOUR TYPES OF RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN IN THE NERVE CELLS OF THE CEREBELLUM IN THE ADULT CAT

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Chouinard
Keyword(s):  
Purkinje Cells ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Observational Evidence ◽  
Fastigial Nucleus ◽  
Staining Procedure ◽  
Ground Substance ◽  
Ribonucleic Acids ◽  
Nucleolar Apparatus ◽  
Adult Cat

In Helly-fixed cerebella, the toluidine blue – molybdate staining procedure reveals the existence of four distinct types of ribonucleoprotein in both the Purkinje cells of the vermian zone and the multipolar ganglion cells of the fastigial nucleus. These four types of ribonucleoprotein are found in, respectively, the ground substance (nucleolar matrix) of the nucleolus, the intranucleolar vacuoles (nucleolini), the intranuclear paranucleolar masses, and the cytoplasmic Nissl bodies. The relevant observational evidence suggests that the two organelles of the nucleolar apparatus, that is, the nucleolus and paranucleolar masses together with their associated chromocenters, are concerned with distinct synthetic activities with regard to the elaboration of neuronal ribonucleic acids or ribonucleoproteins. The significance of the above findings is discussed in the light of current concepts pertaining to cellular ribonucleoprotein metabolism.

scholarly journals Mice With Monoallelic GNAO1 Loss Exhibit Reduced Inhibitory Synaptic Input To Cerebellar Purkinje Cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huijie Feng ◽  
Yukun Yuan ◽  
Michael R Williams ◽  
Alex Roy ◽  
Jeffrey Leipprandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Purkinje Cells ◽  
Gabab Receptor ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Whole Cell Patch Clamp ◽  
The Difference ◽  
G Protein Alpha Subunit ◽  
Cerebellar Purkinje Cells

GNAO1 encodes Gαo, a heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunit in the Gi/o family. In this report, we used a Gnao1 mouse model G203R previously described as a gain-of-function Gnao1 mutant with movement abnormalities and enhanced seizure susceptibility. Here, we report an unexpected second mutation resulting in a loss-of-function Gαo protein and describe alterations in central synaptic transmission. Whole cell patch clamp recordings from Purkinje cells (PCs) in acute cerebellar slices from Gnao1 mutant mice showed significantly lower frequencies of spontaneous and miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs and mIPSCs) compared to WT mice. There was no significant change in sEPSCs or mEPSCs. Whereas mIPSC frequency was reduced, mIPSC amplitudes were not affected, suggesting a presynaptic mechanism of action. A modest decrease in the number of molecular layer interneurons was insufficient to explain the magnitude of IPSC suppression. Paradoxically, Gi/o inhibitors (pertussis toxin), enhanced the mutant-suppressed mIPSC frequency and eliminated the difference between WT and Gnao1 mice. While GABAB receptor regulates mIPSCs, neither agonists nor antagonists of this receptor altered function in the mutant mouse PCs. This study is the first electrophysiological investigation of the role of Gi/o protein in cerebellar synaptic transmission using an animal model with a loss-of-function Gi/o protein.

scholarly journals К. Schaffer: Zur feineren Struktur der Hirnrinde und über funktionelle Bedeutung der Nervenzellenfortsätze. Arch. f. Mikrosk. Anatomie. XLVIIL 4 Heft. 1897. S. S. 550—572

2020 ◽  
Vol V (3) ◽  
pp. 167-169
Author(s):  
A. E. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Pyramidal Cells ◽  
Special Group ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Axial Cylinder

The author's research refers to the anterior cerebral cortex of a newborn dog. The author studies in detail the so-called tiny pyramidal cells, lying between the pluripolar cells of the molecular layer and the small (true) pyramidal cells. Already R. y Cajal drew attention to polygonal or core-shaped cells, the cells that lie behind the layer of the outermost cells (pluripolare Nervenzellen von R. y Cajal), but did not separate them into a special group, believing that these cells were gradually changing vid, go into the small pyramids, to which he numbered them. Schaffer separates these cells into a special group, calling it the layer of surface polymorphic cells. These cells have a dark variety of shapes (fusiform, oval, roundish, pear-shaped, polygonal) and lie in approximately four (4) rows. Dendrites go then, mainly, in two opposite directions (for fusiform cells), then they move radially in all directions (for round and polygonal cells). The number of dendrites is sometimes strikingly abundant. Dendrites going to the surface of the brain reach it, while dendrites of the opposite direction sometimes go down to the ammonium formations of the cerebral cortex. Special attention should be paid to the axial cylinder of the disassembled cells; on the basis of the features of this appendix, the author distinguishes 3 types of disassembled cells.

scholarly journals Stereotyped spatial patterns of functional synaptic connectivity in the cerebellar cortex

eLife ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine M Valera ◽  
Francesca Binda ◽  
Sophie A Pawlowski ◽  
Jean-Luc Dupont ◽  
Jean-François Casella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Purkinje Cells ◽  
Cerebellar Cortex ◽  
Granule Cell ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Granule Cell Layer ◽  
Synaptic Organization ◽  
Cerebellar Modules ◽  
Activity Dependent

Motor coordination is supported by an array of highly organized heterogeneous modules in the cerebellum. How incoming sensorimotor information is channeled and communicated between these anatomical modules is still poorly understood. In this study, we used transgenic mice expressing GFP in specific subsets of Purkinje cells that allowed us to target a given set of cerebellar modules. Combining in vitro recordings and photostimulation, we identified stereotyped patterns of functional synaptic organization between the granule cell layer and its main targets, the Purkinje cells, Golgi cells and molecular layer interneurons. Each type of connection displayed position-specific patterns of granule cell synaptic inputs that do not strictly match with anatomical boundaries but connect distant cortical modules. Although these patterns can be adjusted by activity-dependent processes, they were found to be consistent and predictable between animals. Our results highlight the operational rules underlying communication between modules in the cerebellar cortex.

scholarly journals Nitric Oxide Signaling Strengthens Inhibitory Synapses of Cerebellar Molecular Layer Interneurons through a GABARAP-Dependent Mechanism

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (17) ◽  
pp. 3348-3359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik A. Larson ◽  
Michael V. Accardi ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Martina D'Antoni ◽  
Benyamin Karimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Inhibitory Synapses ◽  
Nitric Oxide Signaling ◽  
Cerebellar Molecular Layer ◽  
Dependent Mechanism
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