scholarly journals To the doctrine of the cross-linking of nerves. Sympathetic and cranial systems. Experimental study with a table of curves and figures

2021 ◽  
Vol XII (1) ◽  
pp. 58-99
Author(s):  
I. A. Levin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Cervical Sympathetic ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Cervical Sympathetic Nerve

Before moving on to our experiments, set up in order to study the composition of the fibers of the cervical sympathetic nerve, we will give a short literary sketch of this issue, confining ourselves to the works of the last years, and mainly to Langle and A. S. Dogel, who are interested in finding the literature of this issue.

Mechanisms of acute cardiovascular response to periodic apneas in sedated pigs

1999 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 1236-1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Chen ◽  
Anthony L. Sica ◽  
Steven M. Scharf
Keyword(s):  
Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Pressor Response ◽  
Trigger Factor ◽  
Plasma Norepinephrine ◽  
Nerve Activity ◽  
Sympathoadrenal Activation ◽  
Cervical Sympathetic ◽  
Cervical Sympathetic Nerve

This study was designed to evaluate the importance of sympathoadrenal activation in the acute cardiovascular response to apneas and the role of hypoxemia in this response. In addition, we evaluated the contribution of the vagus nerve to apnea responses after chemical sympathectomy. In six pigs preinstrumented with an electromagnetic flow probe and five nonpreinstrumented pigs, effects of periodic nonobstructive apneas were tested under the following six conditions: room air breathing, 100% O2 supplementation, both repeated after administration of hexamethonium (Hex), and both repeated again after bilateral vagotomy in addition to Hex. With room air apneas, during the apnea cycle, there were increases in mean arterial pressure (MAP; from baseline of 108 ± 4 to 124 ± 6 Torr, P < 0.01), plasma norepinephrine (from 681 ± 99 to 1,825 ± 578 pg/ml, P < 0.05), and epinephrine (from 191 ± 67 to 1,245 ± 685 pg/ml, P < 0.05) but decreases in cardiac output (CO; from 3.3 ± 0.6 to 2.4 ± 0.3 l/min, P < 0.01) and cervical sympathetic nerve activity. With O2supplementation relative to baseline, apneas were associated with small increases in MAP (from 112 ± 4 to 118 ± 3 Torr, P < 0.01) and norepinephrine (from 675 ± 97 to 861 ± 170 pg/ml, P< 0.05). After Hex, apneas with room air were associated with small increases in MAP (from 103 ± 6 to 109 ± 6 Torr, P < 0.05) and epinephrine (from 136 ± 45 to 666 ± 467 pg/ml, P < 0.05) and decreases in CO (from 3.6 ± 0.4 to 3.2 ± 0.5 l/min, P < 0.05). After Hex, apneas with O2 supplementation were associated with decreased MAP (from 107 ± 5 to 100 ± 5 Torr, P < 0.05) and no other changes. After vagotomy + Hex, with room air and O2 supplementation, apneas were associated with decreased MAP (from 98 ± 6 to 76 ± 7 and from 103 ± 7 to 95 ± 6 Torr, respectively, both P < 0.01) but increased CO [from 2.7 ± 0.3 to 3.2 ± 0.4 l/min ( P < 0.05) and from 2.4 ± 0.2 to 2.7 ± 0.2 l/min ( P < 0.01), respectively]. We conclude that sympathoadrenal activation is the major pressor mechanism during apneas. Cervical sympathetic nerve activity does not reflect overall sympathoadrenal activity during apneas. Hypoxemia is an important but not the sole trigger factor for sympathoadrenal activation. There is an important vagally mediated reflex that contributes to the pressor response to apneas.

scholarly journals On the effects of joining the cervical sympathetic nerve with the chorda tympani.

1904 ◽  
Vol 73 (488-496) ◽  
pp. 99-99
Author(s):  
John Newport Langley ◽  
Hugh Kerr Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Superior Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chorda Tympani ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Cervical Sympathetic ◽  
Cervical Sympathetic Nerve

It is well known that the cervical sympathetic nerve and the chorda tympani have opposite actions upon the blood-vessels of the sub-maxillary gland, the former causing contraction of the vessels, and the latter, dilatation. Evidence has been given by one of us that the chorda tympani if united with the cervical sympathetic, can in time make connection with the nerve cells of the superior cervical ganglion and become in part vaso-constrictor fibres. Our experiments have been directed to determine whether the cervical sympathetic if allowed an opportunity of becoming connected with the peripheral nerve cells in the course of the chorda tympani will in part change their function from vaso-constrictor to vaso-dilator. Two experiments were made on anæsthetised cats, both give similar results, but one was much more conclusive on the point at issue than the other, and here we shall speak of that only. The superior cervical ganglion was excised and the central end of the cervical sympathetic nerve was joined to the peripheral end of the lingual, which contains the chorda tympani fibres. After allowing time for union and regeneration of the nerves, the cervical sympathetic was stimulated; it caused prompt flushing of the sub-maxillary glands, and the effect was repeatedly obtained.

scholarly journals The Effects of Cervical Sympathetic Nerve Block on Buccal Mucosa Blood Flow, Cheek Surface Temperature and Thumb Perspiration

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 450-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiharu SHIMOSAKA ◽  
Osamu KOMIYAMA ◽  
Hiroshi HOSONUMA ◽  
Noriyuki NARITA ◽  
Teruyasu HIRAYAMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Nerve Block ◽  
Buccal Mucosa ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
Cervical Sympathetic ◽  
Cervical Sympathetic Nerve
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