Psychometric approach in psychiatry: excess or necessity?

2021 ◽  
Vol LII (3) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Marat A. Assanovich
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Diagnostic Assessment ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Psychometric Scales ◽  
Modern Psychiatry ◽  
Measurement Based Care ◽  
Psychometric Instruments ◽  
International Projects ◽  
Short Time

Psychometric approach is historically associated with the formation of psychiatry as a science. Psychometric scales have been used repeatedly to form classifications of mental disorders. Currently, effectiveness of psychometric approach in psychiatry has received evidence-based confirmation in a number of international projects on the pharmacotherapy of depression. A new direction has emerged, called measurement-based care. It has been proven that the use of psychometric scales by 2545% increases the efficiency of diagnostic assessment in psychiatry, improves the interaction between doctor and patient, and improves the organization of psychiatric care. At the same time, a significant number of practicing psychiatrists do not use psychometric scales due to time costs, low validity and difficulties in interpretation. In this regard, modern psychiatry is in dire need of introduction of new psychometric technologies, allowing in a short time to develop economic, valid and accurate psychometric instruments.

scholarly journals Moral Treatment: Philippe Pinel

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mrs. Sushma. C ◽  
Dr. Meghamala. S. Tavaragi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Demonic Possession ◽  
Moral Treatment ◽  
Modern Psychiatry ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

Philippe Pinel a pioneer, a french psychiatrist, a physician, known as father of modern psychiatry, revolutions psychiatric care of patients with mental illness by introducing concept of moral treatment. Pinel rejected the then prevailing popular notion that mental illness was caused by demonic possession and stated that mental disorders could be caused by a variety of factors including psychological or social stress, congenital conditions, or physiological injury, psychological damage, or heredity. Philippe Pinel for the first time in history of psychiatric patients treated them humanly by unchaining patients known as madmen. This historic event was done for first time in Bicêtre Hospital in 1798 a Parisian insane asylum. In this article a brief history of life and work of pioneer Philippe Pinel is mentioned.

Prescribing practices in psychiatric hospitals in Eastern Europe

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 414-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Jordanova ◽  
N.P. Maric ◽  
V. Alikaj ◽  
M. Bajs ◽  
T. Cavic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Anticholinergic Drug ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Prescribing Practices ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Clinical Records

AbstractBackgroundThere has been no evidence about the prescribing practices in psychiatric care in Eastern Europe.AimsTo examine the patterns of psychotropic prescribing in five countries of Eastern Europe.MethodWe conducted a one-day census of psychiatric treatments used in eight psychiatric hospitals in Albania, Croatia, Macedonia, Serbia and Romania. We examined clinical records and medication charts of 1304 patients.ResultsThe use of polypharmacy was frequent across all diagnostic groups. Only 6.8% of patients were on monotherapy. The mean number of prescribed drugs was 2.8 (SD 0.97) with 26.5% receiving two drugs, 42.1% receiving three drugs and 22.1% being prescribed four or more psychotropic drugs. Typical antipsychotics were prescribed to 63% and atypical antipsychotics to 40% of patients with psychosis. Older generations of antidepressants were prescribed to 29% of patients with depression. Anxiolitic drugs were prescribed to 20.4% and benzodiazepines to 68.5% of patients. One third of patients received an anticholinergic drug on a regular basis.ConclusionsOlder generation antipsychotics and antidepressants were used more frequently than in the countries of Western Europe. Psychotropic polypharmacy is a common practice. There is a need for adopting more evidence-based practice in psychiatric care in these countries.

The comparative analysis of clinical and social characteristics of patients with schizophrenia and organic mental disorders receiving care in partial inpatient units

2021 ◽  
pp. 394-403
Author(s):  
George Petrovich Kostyuk ◽  
Burygina Larisa Andreevna Burygina Larisa Andreevna ◽  
Andrey Yurevich Berezantsev ◽  
Valeriya Vasilyevna Surikova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient ◽  
Inpatient Unit ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Organic Mental Disorders ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Day Hospitals ◽  
Inpatient Units

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the clinical and social characteristics of patients with schizophrenic spectrum disorders (SSD) and organic mental disorders (OMD) who received care in day hospitals and intensive psychiatric care units (Moscow). During the study, a random sample of 487 discharge epicrises was studied, of which 392 (80,49%) were patients with SSD and OMD, who were subjected to further analysis. The study revealed gender differences and low rates of labor and family adaptation in both nosological groups of patients. The highest percentage of patients observed on a long-term basis in neuropsychiatric dispensaries and the rate of hospitalization in a round-the-clock inpatient unit were among the patients with diagnoses of schizophrenic spectrum disorders who were treated in intensive psychiatric care units. There were significant differences in the routing of patients depending on the pathology: district psychiatrists more often refer patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia to the intensive psychiatric care unit in order to prevent hospitalization and patients with organic mental disorders - to day hospitals for therapy selection and medical and social rehabilitation, while doctors of the round-theclock hospital – vice versa (in order to continue treatment or follow up in out-of-hospital conditions). There was also a circulation of patients between the intensive psychiatric care unit and the day hospitals. Isolated episodes of compliance violations were noted. Indicative indicators such as hospitalization in a round-the-clock psychiatric inpatient unit within a year after the discharge from partial inpatient units was low and was usually due to severe continuous forms of the disease and the formation of therapy resistance in patients. Day hospitals and departments (offices) of intensive psychiatric care in general effectively perform the functions of inpatient unit substitution.

The Diagnostic Assessment of Suspected Pulmonary Embolism on the Acute Medical Take: An Evidence Based Guide

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Alastair Proudfoot ◽  
◽  
Derek Bell ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Diagnostic Assessment ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Suspected Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Adjusted Incidence ◽  
Age And Sex

Pulmonary Embolism is a common cardiopulmonary illness with an age and sex adjusted incidence of around 117 cases per 100 000 person years. The clinical presentation is extremely heterogeneous and non specific. Risk factors for venous thromboembolism are well established. When combined with presenting features and investigations. a multimodality algorithm has led to significant changes in the diagnostic approach of suspected PE. While the best combination of tests for any individual patient remains the subject of controversy this article aims to rationalise the acute physician’s approach to diagnosis and use of available investigations.

Cancer care for people with mental disorders: A qualitative survey among cancer care and psychiatric care professionals in Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Etoh ◽  
Masaki Fujiwara ◽  
Yuto Yamada ◽  
Riho Wada ◽  
Yuji Higuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Qualitative Survey

Evidence-Based Homoeopathic Treatment of Acute Herpes Zoster (Shingles): A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (04) ◽  
pp. 307-310
Author(s):  
Yogeshwari Gupta ◽  
Khushbu Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Causal Attribution ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Acute Case ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Positive Results

AbstractHerpes zoster (HZ), also known as shingles, occurs due to reactivation of varicella zoster. It is manifested by unilateral, painful, vesicular rashes following a dermatome. Homoeopathy is well known for its tremendous results in chronic cases. This article presents the evidence-based significant result of single homoeopathic remedy in an acute case of HZ within a short time period without any post-herpetic neuralgia which usually follows the HZ for months. Three to four doses of Hypericum 30 CH provided significant relief within a day and complete recovery within 10 days. Modified Naranjo score is 9, indicating definite causal attribution. This case proves that by selecting appropriate similimum, promising and positive results are achieved by homoeopathy, be it acute or chronic cases in a safe and gentle way. No such existing homoeopathic literature provides any characteristic information particularly related to HZ in Hypericum. So, future research and clinical trials could be beneficial for better validation of Hypericum as a therapeutic for HZ.

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