scholarly journals Modern approaches to local treatment of pyo-necrotic complications of the diabetic foot syndrome

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-303
Author(s):  
L E Slavin ◽  
B N Godzhaev ◽  
A Z Zamaleev

The analysis of publications devoted to modern methods of treatment of pyo-necrotic complications of diabetic foot syndrome has been presented. Identified were the most important principles of therapeutic tactics for this type of pathology. In order to create optimal conditions for wound healing after surgical sanitation local drug treatment is carried out - a thorough wound detersion with application of the isotonic sodium chloride solution or a neutral bathing solution, periodic (as needed) necrectomies, application of bandages, in accordance with the phase of wound healing process. The choice of medication for local treatment depends on the one hand on the type of lesion of the lower limbs, on the other - on the diabetes related morbidity and phase of wound healing. In the first phase of wound healing antiseptics are used: iodophors, polyhexanide (lavasept), hydroxymethyl quinoxaline dioxide (dioxidine), and in the absence of ischemia - compositions based on gelevine, water-soluble base ointments. In the second phase used were various wound covers based on collagen, as well as oil and hydrogel dressings. Ready-to-use bandages are also used, which are multi-layered system, comprised of a cellulose substrate, collagen, fibroblasts, growth factor, coated with plates of silicon to control humidity. The disadvantage of the ready-to-use dressings is the impossibility of controlling the wound on a daily basis. One of the trends in the treatment of chronic diabetic wounds is the use of living skin cells that serve as a source of growth factors, cytokines and other proteins that stimulate the healing process. The use of local immunomodulators is seen as promising. Treatment should be individualized and systemic antibiotic therapy is required. The main principle of local treatment is the creation of optimal conditions for accelerating the healing process.

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Yu.M. Babina ◽  
D.V. Dmyrtriiev ◽  
O.A. Nazarchuk ◽  
P.P. Hormash

Ulcer-necrotic lesions of the feet are detected in 5-15% of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). According to the literature today in Ukraine, patients with DM perform high amputation of the lower extremities with diabetic foot syndrome with a frequency of 19.6-42.6%, at the same time, mortality ranges from 8.9% to 25.0%, and the total mortality rate at the DM varies from 6.6% to 13.5%, often associated with the occurrence of postoperative complications. The aim of the work was to study morphological indicators of reparation of soft tissues of the lower extremities in patients with diabetic foot syndrome on the background of local treatment during the perioperative period. We investigated changes in histologic structure and character of reactions of skin tissues, muscles and fascia during the period of visceral disease in patients with diabetes mellitus after different types of local treatment. Then, samples of skin tissues, muscles and fascia were photographed and analyzed using a light microscope OLIMPUS BX 41. In the first group of the comparison, which used standard methods of anesthesia and local antiseptic povidone-iodine, granulation tissue was characterized by the complete absence of fibrous structures (collagen fibers) and the presence of a small number of newly formed small diameter vessels with blistered endothelium. Vessels of young granulation tissue were dilated, full-blooded, the endothelium was swollen, there was significant perivascular edema. In the second group of patients (where povidone-iodine and infiltration anesthesia with 2% lidocaine solution anesthetic was used locally) there were almost no remains of necrotic tissues in the affected tissues. It should be noted that there was better granulation development with fewer inflammatory-cell elements, more young forms of fibroblasts and a moderate pathological vascular reaction. In the first (control) group, wound healing by 3-7 days is characterized by somewhat slow regeneration. Wound healing was most favorable in patients of the second group, where infiltration anesthesia was used by local anesthetic and antiseptic povidone-iodine.


2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
V.I. Liakhovskyi ◽  
O.O. Kyzymenko ◽  
O.H. Krasnov ◽  
O.I. Krasnov ◽  
T.V. Horodova-Andrieieva

The nature of reparative and morphological changes in wounds was examined against the background of vacuum therapy in the comprehensive treatment of purulent and necrotic lesions of diabetic foot syndrome. We conducted comprehensive examination and treatment of 107 patients with DFS of grade II-IV according to Meggit-Wagner. The average age of patients was 53.2–4.3 years; there were 39 (36.4%) male and 68 (63.6%) female patients. Depending on the methods of topical treatment, patients were divided into two groups. The main group consisted of 55 (51.4%) subjects who underwent vacuum therapy during the topical treatment, and the comparison group comprised 52 (48.6%) patients who received standardized local treatment depending on the course of the wound process. In addition to the clinical studies, all patients underwent a comprehensive laboratory and instrumental examination, as well as measuring the area and pH of wounds on the 1st, 4th, 7th, 10th and 13th day after surgery. The analysis of the obtained results gives ground to establish that at a certain level of pH, there is a corresponding cytological pattern. The wide range of fluctuations in the pH of the wound medium in patients with purulent and necrotic lesions of diabetic foot syndrome leads to corresponding changes in cells, which is manifested by a long-lasting inflammatory process. In the main group, the rate of wound reduction was greatest on the 8th-10th days, and in the comparison group – on the 14th-15th days. Inpatient treatment was 14.2 bed-days in the main group and 23.5 ± 2.9 in the comparison group (p <0.05), respectively. Therefore, there is an acceleration of positive changes in clinical manifestations, cytological, morphological and pH-metric pattern against the background of conducting VT for an average of 5-7 days. The use of vacuum therapy makes it possible to accelerate the transition to the second phase of the wound process, which affects not only the time of treatment but also the outcome – preservation of the lower extremity in patients with diabetic foot syndrome.


The aim of the study was to improve results of wound healing in patients with ischemic and neuroischemic forms of diabetic foot syndrome by using a combination of phototherapy, platelet-derived growth factor and modern cover materials The results of surgical treatment of 48 patients with ischemic and neuroischemic diabetic foot syndrome, which were divided into main group (24 patients) and comparison group (24 patients). All these patients who underwent treatment in the Department of acute vascular diseases in the Clinic of the SI “Institute of General and Urgent Surgery named after V.T. Zaitsev of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine” suffered from diabetes mellitus type II and had IV degree of foot ischemia according to Fontaine. The diagnostic was performed for all patients according to a standard algorithm. Analysis of the results of clinical, laboratory, non-invasive and invasive methods of examination in the preoperative period enabled to determine the degree of disorder in blood flow, the nature of collateral circulation and microcirculation. Patients of both groups underwent femoro-tibial and femoro-popliteal bypass, as well as hybrid reconstructions. The parameters of regional hemodynamics in patients of main group and the comparison group before and after revascularization were comparable. The patients of main group used the treatment technology developed by us. In cases of development of phlegmons of the foot after the opening of the abscess, vacuum therapy was performed for 7–14 days until the wound was completely cleaned. In the preoperative preparation complex, phototherapy was performed, according to local situation, wounds were irradiated with different wavelengths (405, 470 or 525 nm). After the wounds were cleaned, the wound defect was covered with PCL coating (Nanopharma, Czech Republic) with the application of a fibrin clot and platelet-rich plasma without fibrin, after which further local treatment was accompanied by irradiation of wounds with A. Korobov-V. Korobov photon matrices “Barva-Flex” (the wavelength of the maximum of the emission band of 660 nm). In two cases, the closure of bone defects with ILAYAOSTEOGEN® “A.A. PARTNERS” L.L.C. bone implants of medical company “ilaya” was used. Using these tactics, allow to achieve complete wound healing in 91.7% of patients and partial healing (more than 50%) in 8.3% of patients in main group. The terms of treatment of these patients did not exceed 2 months, high amputations were not required. In patients of comparison group against the background of traditional local treatment, the wounds healed within 2–4 months; in eight cases, repeated hospitalization was required to perform a plastic closure; in two cases amputation was performed below the knee. Thus, phototherapy and plastic closure of wounds of the lower extremities after revascularization in isch- emic diabetic foot syndrome is indicated in cases where the wounds have no tendency to spontaneous healing; introduction of the developed tactics of treatment of “problem” wounds of the lower extremities allowed to achieve complete healing in 91.7% of patients, partial (more than 50%) healing in 8.3% of patients and avoid high amputations; the use of a complex of treatment including phototherapy, wound closure with a synthetic coating with platelet growth factor, and the closure of bone defects with implants is an extremely effective stim- ulator of development in the wound of granulation tissue suitable for further autodermoplasty


Author(s):  
O.O. Kizimenko

The number of patients with diabetes mellitus worldwide is increasing with geometric progression, and thus there is an increase in the percentage of related complications. Diabetic foot syndrome is one of the most serious chronic complications that often results in early disability, long stretches of hospitalization, mounting expenses, and an amputated limb. At present, vacuum therapy in the treatment of purulent necrotic lesions of diabetic foot syndrome is being successfully used in medical practice. The aim of our study was to search and verify for indirect methods of express control of the vacuum therapy efficacy. Based on applying our patented local treatment technique, which includes the negative pressure wound therapy, we determined the pH dynamic changes and the monitored the microbiological climate of wounds. According to the results obtained, the high efficacy of the proposed technique has been found out and statistically confirmed. Starting from the 4th day of applying this technique, the main group demonstrated induced, significantly accelerated pH changes in the wounds that create the conditions for early growth of granulation tissue; the reduction of microbial load in the wound indirectly enhances these processes that were found out twice as slow in the comparison group. Therefore, the contact pH monitoring of wound is quite helpful for checking the therapy efficacy as well as for predicting the course of wound healing. Our study has confirmed its effectiveness in pH changing that positively affects the course of wound healing. Applying negative pressure wound therapy as an integral component of combined treatment of purulent necrotic lesions of diabetic foot syndrome allows medical practitioners to accelerate pH changes to reach their optimum values and considerably promotes the beginning of the second phase of wound healing. The study has also proven the enhanced elimination of bacterial agents from the wound by using this technique that also promotes the early activation of the phase 2 and significantly reduces the percentage of suppurative complications in the future.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Yayoi Kawano ◽  
Viorica Patrulea ◽  
Emmanuelle Sublet ◽  
Gerrit Borchard ◽  
Takuya Iyoda ◽  
...  

Hyaluronic acid (HA) has been known to play an important role in wound healing process. However, the effect of molecular weight (MW) of exogenously administered HA on the wound healing process has not been fully understood. In this study, we investigated HA with different MWs on wound healing process using human epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts. Cell proliferation and migration ability were assessed by water soluble tetrazolium (WST) assay and wound scratch assay. We examined the effect of HA addition in a full-thickness wound model in mice and the gene expression related to wound healing. Proliferation and migration of HaCaT cells increased with the increase of MW and concentration of HA. Interleukin (IL-1β), IL-8 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as well as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and MMP-13 were significantly upregulated by high molecular weight (HMW) HA in keratinocytes. Together with VEGF upregulation and the observed promotion of HaCaT migration, HA with the MW of 2290 kDa may hold potential to improve re-epithelialization, a critical obstacle to heal chronic wounds.


Angiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 000331972110426
Author(s):  
Martyna Schönborn ◽  
Patrycja Łączak ◽  
Paweł Pasieka ◽  
Sebastian Borys ◽  
Anna Płotek ◽  
...  

Peripheral arterial disease can involve tissue loss in up to 50% of patients with diabetic foot syndrome (DFS). Consequently, revascularization of narrowed or occluded arteries is one of the most common forms of comprehensive treatment. However, technically successful angioplasty does not always result in the healing of ulcers. The pathomechanism of this phenomenon is still not fully understood, but inadequate angiogenesis in tissue repair may play an essential role. Changes in pro- and anti-angiogenic factors among patients with DFS are not always clear and conclusive. In particular, some studies underline the role of decreased concentration of pro-angiogenic factors and higher levels of anti-angiogenic mediators. Nevertheless, there are still controversial issues, including the paradox of impaired wound healing despite high concentrations of some pro-angiogenic factors, dynamics of their expression during the healing process, and their mutual relationships. Exploring this process among diabetic patients may provide new insight into well-known methods of treatment and show their real benefits and chances for improving outcomes.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Punyanuch Jindatanmanusan ◽  
Sivat Luanraksa ◽  
Tanit Boonsiri ◽  
Thirayost Nimmanon ◽  
Pasra Arnutti

Background and Objective. Evidence for the roles of matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) in the healing process of diabetic foot ulcers has remained unclear. We therefore aimed to demonstrate the relationship of MMP-9 with the wound healing process and determine its potential usefulness in predicting the wound healing outcome. Methods. Twenty-two patients with diabetic foot ulcer were recruited. The wound size was determined, and the wound fluid was collected for the measurement of MMP-9 levels using an ELISA during the 12-week follow-up period regularly. The patients were categorized as good healers and poor healers when the wound area reduction was ≥ 50% and < 50% at week 4 when compared to the initial wound size at week 0. Results. Median wound fluid MMP-9 levels in the poor healer group were shown to be significantly higher than those in the good healer group (1.03 pg/µg protein vs. 0.06 pg/µg protein, p = 0.001), and the levels fluctuated throughout the 12-week follow-up period. In contrast to the poor healer group, the MMP-9 levels were demonstrated to be constantly low throughout the follow-up period in the good healer group. ROC analysis showed that the MMP-9 level of 0.38 pg/µg protein was able to predict the wound healing outcome with the sensitivity of 81.8%, the specificity of 64.6%, and the area under the curve of 0.901 (CI 0.78-1.03, p = 0.001). Conclusion. These findings suggested that determination of wound fluid MMP-9 levels might become a promising biomarker predicting wound healing outcomes and a novel potential therapeutic target for diabetic foot ulcers.


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Ekanova R. N. Sumarauw ◽  
Mendy J. Hatibie ◽  
Djony E. Tjandra ◽  
Fredrik G. Langi

Abstract: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is still a health problem related to the extent amount of time in wound healing process hence increasing the treatment cost. Given any methods that are not sat-isfying, encourage the search of other methods that would increase the wound healing rate, in which hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is amongst them. The DFU patient that receives HBOT shows a significant increase in angiogenesis process markedly by faster epithelialization and granulation process. This study was aimed to prove that HBOT could accelerate the wound healing process among DFU patients measured by wound size and depth of PEDIS score. This was a ran-domized controlled trial study, conducted at Surgery Department of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Gen-eral Hospital from September 2018 to March 2019. There were 20 DFU patients divided into two groups, each of 10 patients. The control group received a holistic treatment, meanwhile the HBOT group received a holistic treatment added with the inclusion of HBOT. PEDIS score assessment of DFU in HBOT group was measured before and after the third HBOT session, meanwhile the con-trol group was measured on the first and the third day. The results showed that the difference in PEDIS score value was markedly found in HBOT group compared to the control group (2 vs. 0, P=0.001). Conclusion: HBOT could enhance the wound healing process in DFU patients based on the declined PEDIS score.Keywords: HBOT, PEDIS score, diabetic foot ulcerAbstrak: Ulkus kaki diabetik (UKD) masih merupakan masalah kesehatan terkait proses penyembuhan lama sehingga biaya pengobatan meningkat. Belum adanya metode penanganan yang memuaskan, mendorong pencarian metode percepatan penyembuhan luka, salah satunya ialah terapi oksigen hiperbarik (TOHB). Penderita UKD yang menjalani tambahan TOHB diketahui mengalami peningkatan proses angiogenesis yang menghasilkan proses epitelialisasi dan granulasi yang lebih cepat. Tujuan penelitian ialah untuk membuktikan bahwa TOHB dapat mempercepat proses penyembuhan UKD, dinilai berdasarkan ukuran dan kedalaman luka melalui skor PEDIS. Penelitian ini menggunakan randomized controlled trial dan dilaksanakan di Bagian Bedah RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado sejak September 2018 sampai dengan Maret 2019. Subyek penelitian sebanyak 20 penderita UKD, dibagi dalam dua kelompok, masing-masing 10 penderita. Kelompok kontrol menjalani penanganan holistik UKD, sedangkan kelompok TOHB menjalani penanganan holistik UKD dengan TOHB. Penilaian skor PEDIS terhadap UKD pada kelompok TOHB dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah TOHB sesi ke-3, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol dilakukan penilaian pada hari ke-1 dan hari ke-3 sesudahnya. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa perubahan skor PEDIS yang terjadi antara kedua pengukuran terlihat lebih besar pada kelompok TOHB dibandingkan kelompok kontrol (2 vs 0, P=0,001). Simpulan. TOHB mempercepat proses penyembuhan UKD dinilai dari penurunan skor PEDIS.Kata kunci: TOHB, skor PEDIS, ulkus kaki diabetik


2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Petrovna Doronina ◽  
Valeriy Afanas'evich Mitish ◽  
Gagik Radikovich Galstyan

The management of chronic lesions in DM patients implies a multifactor approach, its important component being the adequate treatment of thewound bed. The new hydrosurgical technology for the purpose based on the VersaJet system poses a number of technical problems and requires assessmentof its applicability and efficiency in patients with different forms of diabetic foot syndrome. Results of the work with this system (62 patients)revealed its advantages, such as reduction of treatment duration and the number of repeat treatments, higher probability of wound healing at sitesdifficult to access (heel, tendon projection regions, etc.). It is concluded that the VersaJet system may be recommended for the use in surgical departmentsproviding specialized medical aid to patients with DM and pyonecrotic foot lesions.


Author(s):  
S.Ya. Ivanusa ◽  
◽  
B.V. Risman ◽  
A.V. Yanishevsky ◽  
R.E. Shayakhmetov ◽  
...  

We examined 180 patients with purulent-necrotic complications of diabetic foot syndrome, in whom the proposed diagnostic algorithm was used. Magnetic resonance imaging of the feet, ultrasound Doppler with duplex angioscanning, magnetic resonance and computed angiography of the lower extremities, as well as assessment of transcutaneous oxygen tension were performed. Surgical treatment tactics depended on the form of the diabetic foot syndrome, as well as the severity of the disease. As a local treatment, physical methods were used to accelerate the course of the wound process. The proposed diagnostic algorithm for the diagnosis and selection of surgical treatment for various forms of diabetic foot syndrome has made it possible to reduce the number of “high” amputations and maintain a supporting limb. Purpose of the study is to improve treatment outcomes for purulent-necrotic complications of diabetic foot syndrome by developing and applying a diagnostic algorithm and differentiated treatment tactics. The main group consisted of 180 patients with purulent-necrotic complications of diabetic foot syndrome, in whom the developed diagnostic algorithm and differentiated tactics of surgical treatment were used, as well as physical methods of influencing the wound process (ultrasonic cavitation and local ozonation) were used as local treatment. The control group included 40 patients with purulent-necrotic complications of diabetic foot syndrome, whose treatment involved the use of drugs that improve the rheological properties of blood and tissue microcirculation (rheopolyglucin, trental, actovegin) according to conventional schemes. Local treatment included sanitation and treatment of wound and ulcerative surfaces with antiseptic solutions and ointments, depending on the phase of the wound process. Data analysis in this group was carried out based on a retrospective study of case histories and an assessment of long-term results of treatment by follow-up examinations and telephone interviews. Control group included 25 (63%) men and 15 (37%) women; the average age was 67.3±10.3 years. The developed unified approaches in diagnosing and treating patients with purulent-necrotic complications of diabetic foot syndrome, who, in complex treatment, underwent staged necrectomy with simultaneous ultrasonic cavitation of purulent wounds and their ozonization, can reliably reduce the number of ulcer recurrences from 28% to 2.7%, high amputations by 34%, and the number of re-amputations ― 10 times. The use of minimally invasive surgical technologies for the rehabilitation of deep purulent foci of the foot, in comparison with the classical principles of treatment of purulent wounds, makes it possible to achieve a complete cleansing of wounds, preparation for plastic surgery, and an increase in the number of functional supportable lower limbs by 42.7%. According to the data obtained, it is optimal to perform sanitizing operations after revascularization of at least one artery no earlier than 3–4 days, which makes it possible to increase their efficiency and reduce the number of repeated surgical interventions. The approach to managing patients with diabetic foot syndrome at all stages of treatment and rehabilitation should be interdisciplinary and include the following specialists: endocrinologist, orthopedist, surgeon, psychologist, trained nursing staff.


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