scholarly journals Cardiomyocyte apoptosis in vasorenal hypertension as a consequence of catabolism error

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-70
Author(s):  
M M Azova ◽  
M L Blagonravov ◽  
V A Frolov
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Energy Deficiency ◽  
Ventricular Cardiomyocytes ◽  
Vasorenal Hypertension ◽  
Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine Succinate

Aim. To investigate the effects of phosphocreatine and ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate on cardiomyocyte apoptosis intensity and degree of ventricular cardiomyocytes hypertrophy in rabbits with vasorenal hypertension (VH) model. Methods. VH was modeled on rabbits by artificial abdominal aortic stenosis by one-third of the diameter just above the renal arteries arising. Rabbits were divided to 4 groups: rabbits with 4-week VH without treatment, rabbits with 4-week VH treated with phosphocreatine, rabbits with 4-week VH treated with ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate, and healthy rabbits (control group). Cardiomyocyte apoptosis intensity and degree of ventricular cardiomyocytes hypertrophy was assessed in all of the rabbits by evaluation of nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio. Results. Use of phosphocreatine or ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate led to a significant reduction of the apoptotic index in the left ventricular myocardium, whereas the similar effect on the right ventricle was only typical for phosphocreatine. None of these drugs had an effect on myocardial hypertrophy degree, which remained on the same level as in the untreated hypertensive animals. Conclusions. Energy deficiency is one of the factors inducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis, so administration of phosphocreatine or ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate might be an important component of heart failure prevention and treatment in hypertension. Myocardial hypertrophy has no effect on the cardiomyocyte apoptosis intensity in case of proper energy supply.

scholarly journals Remodeling of the heart and main vessels in patients with marfanoid habitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Eugene V. Timofeev ◽  
Eduard G. Malev ◽  
Nina N. Parfenova ◽  
Eduard V. Zemtsovsky
Keyword(s):  
Marfan Syndrome ◽  
Aortic Root ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium

For many hereditary connective tissue disorders (HCTD), especially Marfan syndrome, remodeling of the heart and main vessels is described, which is manifested by a decrease in the systolic function of the left ventricle and expansion of the thoracic aorta. Evaluation of morphometric characteristics of the heart and main vessels in patients with other HCTD, in particular marfanoid habitus (MH) has not been previously carried out. Materials and methods. Weexamined 90 young men and 74 young women between the ages of 18 to 25 years, 111 patients older age groups with stable over coronary heart disease (mean age 64.66.2 years) and 9 patients with verified Marfan syndrome (mean age 27.99.3years). All survey phenotypic and performed anthropometric survey identifying bone signs of dysembryogenesis as well as Echocardiography study on standard protocol. The results.Patients with MH as compared with control group revealed a relatively larger diameter of aortic root (30.44.7 vs 28.03.6 mm,p= 0.03) and the ascending aorta (26.64.9 vs 24.63.2 mm,p= 0.05). Also young with MH turned out to be significantly thicker myocardium of left ventricular posterior wall (8.30.8 vs 7.71.1 mm,p= 0.02) and interventricular septum (8.81.2vs 8.21.1mm,p= 0.04). When performing correlation analysis identified reliable positive correlation between such highly specialized bone signs as high palate (r= 0.31), infundibular deformation of the chest (r= 0.43), arachnodactyly (r= 0.45) andZ-test (p 0.05 for all). Expansion of the aorta (Z-criterion 2.0) have found 24% of older patients with MH. Conclusion.Inpatients with MH revealed significant structural changes of heart and main vessels which are progredient character thickening of the left ventricular myocardium and expansion of the aortic root.

scholarly journals Ultrasound Study of Layer-specific Strain and Perfusion of Left Ventricular Myocardium in Patients With Dilated Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Tang ◽  
Lina Guan ◽  
Yuming Mu
Keyword(s):  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Myocardial Microcirculation

Abstract BackgroundTo investigate the changes in deformation and myocardial microcirculation perfusion of left ventricular three-layer myocardium in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) by using speckle tracking imaging (STI) and myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE).MethodsTwenty-four patients with DCM and 19 healthy controls were selected. Two-dimensional and MCE dynamic images of apical four-chamber, two-chamber, and three-chamber sections and left ventricular mitral valve, papillary muscle and apex sections were collected. The peak values of longitudinal strain (LS), circumferential strain (CS), cross-sectional area of a microvessel (A) and average myocardial microvascular lesion (β) were obtained by Qlab 10.8 workstation values, and myocardial blood flow (MBF) was calculated with A×β to evaluate the deformation and coronary microvascular perfusion of left ventricular three-layer myocardium.ResultsThe brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVEDS), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), left atrial volume index (LAVI), E peak in early diastolic period/A peak velocity in late diastolic period (E/A) and average E/e' in the DCM group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05); left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (FS) rate, stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI), A peak, and the e' and a' velocities of both the lateral wall and interventricular septum were smaller than those in the control group (P<0.05). The LS, CS, A, β, and A×β of the DCM group were all lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The pattern of myocardial strain and perfusion among myocardial layers was subendocardial>middle>subepicardial. The correlation coefficients of LS with A, β, and A×β were -0.500, -0.279 and -0.190, respectively, and the correlation coefficients of CS with A, β, and A×β were -0.383, -0.255 and -0.208, respectively.ConclusionsThe deformation of the three-layer myocardium and coronary microcirculation perfusion in DCM patients were diffusely damaged from the endocardium to the epicardium, layer by layer. The longitudinal function of the left ventricular myocardium was closely related to changes in myocardial microcirculation perfusion.

scholarly journals Ultrasound Study of Layer-specific Strain and Perfusion of Left Ventricular Myocardium in Patients With Dilated Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Tang ◽  
Lina Guan ◽  
Yuming Mu
Keyword(s):  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Myocardial Microcirculation

Abstract BackgroundTo investigate the changes in deformation and myocardial microcirculation perfusion of left ventricular three-layer myocardium in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) by using speckle tracking imaging (STI) and myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE).MethodsTwenty-four patients with DCM and 19 healthy controls were selected. Two-dimensional and MCE dynamic images of apical four-chamber, two-chamber, and three-chamber sections and left ventricular mitral valve, papillary muscle and apex sections were collected. The peak values of longitudinal strain (LS), circumferential strain (CS), cross-sectional area of a microvessel (A) and average myocardial microvascular lesion (β) were obtained by Qlab 10.8 workstation values, and myocardial blood flow (MBF) was calculated with A×β to evaluate the deformation and coronary microvascular perfusion of left ventricular three-layer myocardium.ResultsThe brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVEDS), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), left atrial volume index (LAVI), E peak in early diastolic period/A peak velocity in late diastolic period (E/A) and average E/e' in the DCM group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05); left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (FS) rate, stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI), A peak, and the e' and a' velocities of both the lateral wall and interventricular septum were smaller than those in the control group (P<0.05). The LS, CS, A, β, and A×β of the DCM group were all lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The pattern of myocardial strain and perfusion among myocardial layers was subendocardial>middle>subepicardial. The correlation coefficients of LS with A, β, and A×β were -0.500, -0.279 and -0.190, respectively, and the correlation coefficients of CS with A, β, and A×β were -0.383, -0.255 and -0.208, respectively.ConclusionsThe deformation of the three-layer myocardium and coronary microcirculation perfusion in DCM patients were diffusely damaged from the endocardium to the epicardium, layer by layer. The longitudinal function of the left ventricular myocardium was closely related to changes in myocardial microcirculation perfusion.

Variability of heart rhythm in patients with viral cirrhosis depending on types of portal blood flow

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
S. V. Peshkova ◽  
M. V. Chistyakova ◽  
V. S. Barcan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Portal Blood Flow ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Linear Velocity ◽  
Portal Blood ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium

The paper analyzes the results of examinations of 24 patients with viral cirrhosis of classes B and C according to Child-Pugh criteria. The control group consisted of 16 healthy patients. Patients with viral cirrhosis were divided into 2 groups: 1 group consisted of 14 patients with pseudonormokinetic type of portal blood flow; Group 2-10 patients with hyperkinetic type of portal blood flow with predominant acceleration of the linear velocity in the portal vein. The average age of patients was 35.2 ± 7.4 years. Left ventricular myocardium mass and left ventricular myocardium mass index were determined in all the patients; the diameter and the maximum linear velocity in the main portal vein were measured using an Artida pro Toshiba apparatus, Japan. Heart rate variability was studied at rest and in active orfhostasis using the «Neuro-Soth)program, Ivanovo. it was found that in patients with liver cirrhosis the sympathetic effects of the autonomic nervous system predominated, which coincided with the literature data. It was also shown that in patients with the pseudonormokinetic type of portal blood flow these effects were more pronounced. The relationship between HRV indices and the formation of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with pseudo-normokinetic type of portal blood flow was revealed.

scholarly journals Effects of Supraphysiological Doses of Steroids on the Left Ventricle of Sedentary Mice: Morphometric Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (02) ◽  
pp. 091-096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érika Larissa Poscidônio de Souza ◽  
Rodrigo Leandro Dias ◽  
Raíssa Santiago Rios ◽  
Tânia Martins Vieira ◽  
Bruno Damião ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Cavity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Androgenic Steroids

AbstractAnabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are synthetic compounds derived from testosterone, which are widely used in supraphysiological doses by people seeking an aesthetic effect. The objective of the present experiment was to evaluate the possible morphometric changes in the cardiac left ventricle caused by the administration of supraphysiological doses of the anabolic steroids testosterone cypionate and stanozolol in the hearts of young sedentary mice, to serve as a comparative parameter with young mice that were submitted to exercise. We have used 60 hearts of sedentary young Swiss mice, aged ∼ 90 days old (young-adult), with a body weight between 40 and 50 g. The animals were divided into three groups: the control group, the testosterone cypionate group, and the stanozolol group. For the analysis, 10 distinct sections of the apex, of the middle region, and of the base of the heart were selected, followed by an optical microscope measurement with a 2.5x magnification. The results obtained show an increase in both myocardial thickness and left ventricular cavity diameter in the two groups of male animals in relation to the control group; however, in females, an increase in the thickness of the left ventricular myocardium was observed only for the stanozolol group. These results suggest that the cardiac alterations observed in the present study may be directly related to some signs and symptoms already described in the literature, such as hypertension, arrhythmias, infarction, sudden death, and other cardiovascular diseases.

Effect of erythrocyte deformability on myocardial hematocrit gradient

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (1) ◽  
pp. H260-H264 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. K. Baskurt ◽  
M. Edremitlioglu ◽  
A. Temiz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Erythrocyte Deformability ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Ventricular Wall ◽  
Linear Gradient ◽  
Endocardial Layer

Myocardial hematocrit gradient was determined between epicardium and endocardium of the left ventricular wall in rat heart under the influence of erythrocyte deformability alterations. Hematocrit determinations were performed by measuring two different radionuclides labeling plasma (125I-labeled albumin) and erythrocytes (99mTc) in 100-microns-thick left ventricular myocardium slices. Myocardial hematocrit gradient calculated after exchange transfusions with partially hardened red blood cell suspensions was compared with the results of the control group, in which the exchange transfusions were done using normal, hematocrit-matched blood. In the control group, the hematocrit value in the myocardium adjacent to epicardium was 0.331 +/- 0.076 l/l and decreased to 0.232 +/- 0.054 l/l near the endocardium. Myocardial hematocrit between these two was represented by a linear gradient. In the group with impaired erythrocyte deformability, the hematocrit value was 0.359 +/- 0.074 l/l in the epicardial myocardium and remained at 0.341 +/- 0.082 l/l in the endocardial layer. These results indicate that tissue hematocrit gradient in the left ventricular myocardium may be disturbed if erythrocyte deformability is altered.

scholarly journals The left ventricular myocardium in children at early stages of diabetes mellitus: Functional and morphometric parameters

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
I. G. Kuznetsova ◽  
О. V. Filaretova ◽  
T. L. Nastausheva ◽  
T. G. Stolnikova ◽  
О. V. Zazulina
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
First Year ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
End Diastolic Volume ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group A

Its morphometric parameters (myocardial mass according to the procedure described by R. Devereuxe, end-diastolic volume and their ratio). Sixteen healthy children of the same age formed the control group. A gradual redistribution of transmitral flow to­wards the atrial systolic phase was found in children with a more than 5-year history of diabetes, which seems to be associated im­paired L V myocardial relaxation due to myocardial metabolic changes and to the occurrence of specific microangiopathies. The found changes progressed with time and correlated with the ap­pearance ofperipheral distal neuropathy. Within the first year of diabetes, there was a transient reduction in LV contractility, which appears to be associated with myocardial metabolic im­balance during the decompensation of the disease. There is a trend to LV myocardial hypertrophy 10years after the onset of the disease.

scholarly journals Ultrasound Study of Layer-specific Strain and Perfusion of Left Ventricular Myocardium in Patients With Dilated Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Tang ◽  
Lina Guan ◽  
Yuming Mu
Keyword(s):  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Myocardial Microcirculation

Abstract BackgroundTo investigate the changes in deformation and myocardial microcirculation perfusion of left ventricular three-layer myocardium in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) by using speckle tracking imaging (STI) and myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE).MethodsTwenty-four patients with DCM and 19 healthy controls were selected. Two-dimensional and MCE dynamic images of apical four-chamber, two-chamber, and three-chamber sections and left ventricular mitral valve, papillary muscle and apex sections were collected. The peak values of longitudinal strain (LS), circumferential strain (CS), cross-sectional area of a microvessel (A) and average myocardial microvascular lesion (β) were obtained by Qlab 10.8 workstation values, and myocardial blood flow (MBF) was calculated with A×β to evaluate the deformation and coronary microvascular perfusion of left ventricular three-layer myocardium.ResultsThe brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVEDS), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), left atrial volume index (LAVI), E peak in early diastolic period/A peak velocity in late diastolic period (E/A) and average E/e' in the DCM group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05); left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (FS) rate, stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI), A peak, and the e' and a' velocities of both the lateral wall and interventricular septum were smaller than those in the control group (P<0.05). The LS, CS, A, β, and A×β of the DCM group were all lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The pattern of myocardial strain and perfusion among myocardial layers was subendocardial>middle>subepicardial. The correlation coefficients of LS with A, β, and A×β were -0.500, -0.279 and -0.190, respectively, and the correlation coefficients of CS with A, β, and A×β were -0.383, -0.255 and -0.208, respectively.ConclusionsThe deformation of the three-layer myocardium and coronary microcirculation perfusion in DCM patients were diffusely damaged from the endocardium to the epicardium, layer by layer. The longitudinal function of the left ventricular myocardium was closely related to changes in myocardial microcirculation perfusion.

scholarly journals Ultrasound study of layer-specific strain and perfusion of left ventricular myocardium in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Tang ◽  
Lina Guan ◽  
Yuming Mu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Myocardial Blood Flow ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Myocardial Microcirculation

Abstract Purpose To investigate the changes in deformation and myocardial microcirculation perfusion of left ventricular three-layer myocardium in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) by using speckle tracking imaging (STI) and myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE). Methods Twenty-four patients with DCM and 19 healthy controls were selected. Two-dimensional and MCE dynamic images of apical four-chamber, two-chamber, and three-chamber sections and left ventricular mitral valve, papillary muscle and apex sections were collected. The peak values of longitudinal strain (LS), circumferential strain (CS), cross-sectional area of a microvessel (A) and average myocardial microvascular lesion (β) were obtained by Qlab 10.8 workstation values, and myocardial blood flow (MBF) was calculated with A × β to evaluate the deformation and coronary microvascular perfusion of left ventricular three-layer myocardium. Results The brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVEDS), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), left atrial volume index (LAVI), E peak in early diastolic period/A peak velocity in late diastolic period (E/A) and average E/e' in the DCM group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05); left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (FS) rate, stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI), A peak, and the e' and a' velocities of both the lateral wall and interventricular septum were smaller than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The LS, CS, A, β, and A × β of the DCM group were all lower than those of the control group, The time to peak and the cardiac cycle required to reach the peak were longer than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The pattern of myocardial strain and perfusion among myocardial layers was subendocardial > middle > subepicardial. The correlation coefficients of LS with A, β, and A × β were − 0.500, -0.279 and − 0.190, respectively, and the correlation coefficients of CS with A, β, and A × β were − 0.383, -0.255 and − 0.208, respectively. Conclusions The deformation of the three-layer myocardium and coronary microcirculation perfusion in DCM patients were diffusely damaged from the endocardium to the epicardium, layer by layer. The longitudinal function of the left ventricular myocardium was closely related to changes in myocardial microcirculation perfusion. Echocardiography is helpful to evaluate myocardial blood flow and myocardial ischemia in patients with DCM.

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