scholarly journals Genetic predictors of theophylline efficacy and safety in children with bronchial asthma

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 768-772
Author(s):  
B I Kantemirova ◽  
A K Starodubtsev ◽  
D A Sychev ◽  
V I Griganov
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Polymorphic Marker ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Genetic Predictors ◽  
Substrate Drug ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Urine Cortisol ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Treatment Safety

Aim. To study the prevalence of С734A polymorphic marker of CYP1А2 genotype in population of children of different ethnical groups, and to estimate the phenotypic activity of CYP3A4 izoenzyme by age and gender for further increasing the theophylline treatment safety in children with bronchial asthma. Methods. 250 healthy children aged from 1 to 10 years from different ethnical groups (Russians, Kalmyks, Ingush, Chechens, Tatars). Each ethnical group consisted of 50 children. CYP1А2 izoenzyme genotype (by С734A polymorphic marker) was detected by polymerase chain reaction. CYP3A4 izoenzyme of liver cytochrome P 450 activity was measured by calculating urine 6-β-hydrocortisone level to urine cortisol level ratio. Urine 6-β-hydrocortisone and cortisol levels were measured by high precision Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results. It is the first time when high prevalence of CYP1А2 genotype was reported in children of 5 different nationalities living in Astrakhan region, associated both with slow and rapid CYP1А2 substrate drug metabolism, showing the importance of further individual studies on CYP1А2 genotype polymorphism. Age and gender-related features of CYP3A4 izoenzyme phenotype activity, that should be taken into account while choosing the most effective and safe methylxanthines dosing, were revealed. Conclusion. Before the long-term drug therapy of bronchial asthma using theophylline it is rational to investigate CYP1А2 gene polymorphism and CYP3A4 izoenzyme phenotype activity to increase treatment safety.

scholarly journals The Influence of Site of Stimulation, Age, and Gender on Pain Threshold in Healthy Children

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 1331-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorn A Hogeweg ◽  
Wietse Kuis ◽  
Rob AB Oostendorp ◽  
Paul JM Helders
Keyword(s):  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Site Of Stimulation

Population-based pediatric reference intervals for general clinical chemistry analytes on the Abbott Architect ci8200 instrument

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Ridefelt ◽  
Mattias Aldrimer ◽  
Per-Olof Rödöö ◽  
Frank Niklasson ◽  
Leif Jansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Daycare Centers ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Abbott Architect

AbstractReference intervals are crucial decision-making tools aiding clinicians in differentiating between healthy and diseased populations. However, for children such values often are lacking or incomplete.Blood samples were obtained from 692 healthy children, aged 6 months to 18 years, recruited in daycare centers and schools. Twelve common general clinical chemistry analytes were measured on the Abbott Architect ci8200 platform; sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, albumin-adjusted calcium, phosphate, magnesium, creatinine (Jaffe and enzymatic), cystatin C, urea and uric acid.Age- and gender specific pediatric reference intervals were defined by calculating the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles.The data generated is primarily applicable to a Caucasian population when using the Abbott Architect platform, but could be used by any laboratory if validated for the local patient population.

Age- and gender-specific nomograms for single and dual post-void residual urine in healthy children

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1014-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang-Jen Chang ◽  
I-Ni Chiang ◽  
Cheng-Hsing Hsieh ◽  
Chia-Da Lin ◽  
Stephen Shei-Dei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Children ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Residual Urine ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific

TLR2 and TLR4 in healthy children: Age and gender differences

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1082-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth G Bannister ◽  
Chloe Smith ◽  
Kumar Visvanathan ◽  
Alexander Thompson ◽  
Winita Hardikar
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals Association Between Cervical Abrasion and Age and Its Influence on Gender - A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 441-446
Author(s):  
Nur Liyana Hannah Binti Izham Akmal ◽  
Adimulapu Hima Sandeep ◽  
Revathi Duraisamy
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender

Cervical lesions are often characterized by defects seen in the gingival third of a tooth crown which may be in the facial or lingual surface. Pathological loss of tooth structure caused by factors other than dental caries such as cervical abrasion is referred to as non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL). Cervical abrasion is an example of NCCL in which a constant exposure of the tooth to mechanical forces leads to pathological wearing away of the hard tissues. In most of the cases, cervical tooth lesions are revealed to be more common as the age increases. Several studies have reported the difference in the prevalence of cervical abrasion between males and females. Many reports suggest that cervical abrasion is commonly associated with improper tooth brushing habits. To evaluate the prevalence of cervical abrasion between genders and its influence on age. It is a retrospective study conducted using the case records of Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India from June 2019 to March 2020. Data including the patient’s name, patient’s identification number (PID), age, gender and presence of cervical abrasion were retrieved from the patients’ case records. A total of 742 consecutive case records were retrieved and analysed. Cervical abrasion was observed in 371 individuals of this study. High prevalence of cervical abrasions was seen in males (70.9%) compared to females (29.1%). Most of the cases were observed in individuals within the 41-50 years age group (28.8%), and the least was seen within the 11-20 years age group (0.3%). Within the limits of the study, most of the cervical abrasion cases are recorded in individuals within the 41-50 years age group with higher predilection in males. There is a statistically significant association of cervical abrasion with age and gender.

scholarly journals Pulse oximetry curves in healthy children living at moderate altitude: a cross-sectional study from the Ecuadorian Andes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinicio Andrade Mayorga ◽  
Felipe Andrade ◽  
Pablo Riofrío ◽  
Fulvio Nedel ◽  
Miguel Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Oximetry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nonparametric Tests ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Moderate Altitude ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The City

Abstract Background In populations above 3000 meters above sea level (m a.s.l.) normal values of oxygen saturation (SpO2) above 90% have been reported. Few studies have been conducted in cities of moderate altitude (between 2500 and 3000 m a.s.l.) We set out to describe the range of SpO2 values measured with a pulse oximeter in healthy children between 1 month and 12 years of age living in an Ecuadorian Andean city. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in Quito, Ecuador, located at 2800 m a.s.l. SpO2 measurement in healthy children of ages ranging from 1 month to 12 years of age living in the city were recorded by pulse oximetry. Age and gender were recorded, and 2.5th and 5th percentile were drawn. Nonparametric tests were used to compare differences in SpO2 values by age and gender. Results 1378 healthy children were eligible for the study, 719 (52.2%) males. Average SpO2 for the entire population was 94.5% (SD 1.70; 95%CI 94.41–94.59). No differences were observed between SpO2 values by age and gender. The SpO2 2.5 percentile value in the whole was 90%, in children under 5 years of age was 91% and it was 90% in children older than 7. Conclusions In cities of moderate altitude, the SpO2 percentile measures developed in healthy children may contribute to an improved decision-making process, especially in cases where resource availability is limited.

scholarly journals New reference intervals for endocrinological biomarkers in pediatric patients: what can we learn from the LIFE child study?

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juergen Kratzsch ◽  
Mandy Vogel ◽  
Tanja Poulain ◽  
Wieland Kiess
Keyword(s):  
Weight Status ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Calciotropic Hormones ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Objectives We established reference intervals for serum concentrations of hormones from healthy pediatric subjects and investigated their associations with gender, body mass index (BMI), puberty and oral contraceptives (oC). Methods We calculated reference intervals for the thyroid parameters thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and calcitonin (Ct); the bone markers osteocalcin, procolagen type 1 N-propeptide, and carboxy-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type 1 collagen; the calciotropic hormones 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and parathyroid hormone and the steroids cortisol, progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione, testosterone, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and aldosterone. Up to 10,002 blood serum samples from 3,229 healthy children and adolescents (age interval: 3 months to 20 years) were measured. To investigate the associations between the hormone levels with age, sex, weight status and the role of puberty-based changes, the measurement and BMI values were transformed into standard deviation scores. Results Most of the hormones depended on age- and gender. Puberty was linked to a, in part, temporary decrease in TSH, FT3 (for females), FT4, Ct, cortisol (for girls) and aldosterone (for boys) and peak in the bone marker and calciotropic hormones (excluding 25(OH)D) and nearly all remaining steroids. BMI had effects on the thyroid, bone, and calciotropic parameters, whereas oC led to increased cortisol, suppressed progesterone and estradiol values. Conclusions Age- and gender-specific reference intervals are essential for the interpretation of pediatric patients’ hormone measurements. Influencing factors as puberty, BMI, or oC should be taken into consideration for diagnosis and treatment monitoring.

scholarly journals Differential motor alterations in children with three types of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
pp. 856-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrián Poblano ◽  
Belinda Luna ◽  
César Reynoso
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Hand Coordination ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Motor Alterations

Objective To determine frequency of motor alterations in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method We evaluated 19 children aged 7-12 years with ADHD classified in three sub-types: Combined (ADHD-C), with Inattention (ADHD-I), and with Hyperactivity (ADHD-H). Controls were age- and gender matched healthy children. We utilized Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOTMP) for measuring motor skills. Results We observed differences between children with ADHD and controls in BOTMP general score and in static coordination, dynamic general- and hand- coordination, and in synkinetic movements. We also found differences in dynamic hand coordination between controls and children with ADHD-C; in dynamic general coordination between controls and children with ADHD-H; and in frequency of synkinetic movements between controls and children with ADHD-H. Conclusion Children with ADHD with a major degree of hyperactivity showed greater frequency of motor alterations.

Predictive Factors of Depression Among Relatives of Brain-Dead Persons: A Descriptive Correlational Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 003022282097480
Author(s):  
Kourosh Amini ◽  
Mahnaz Rahmani ◽  
Masoumeh Asgari ◽  
Ramazan Fallah
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
First Year ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Low Educated ◽  
The Unemployed

This study aimed to determine the predictive factors of depression among relatives of person deceased by brain death. In this study, 106 first-degree relatives of people who died of due to brain death were studied. Of the study units, 72.64% had levels of depression (severe, moderate, and mild). Among the dependent variables concerning deceased person, age and gender of the deceased were significantly correlated with the depression of their relatives. Among the variables concerning relatives, low level of education, unemployment and time elapsed after brain death have significant role in the incidence or prediction of their depression (p < 0.05). The results indicated a high prevalence of depression among relatives of men aged 30–50 who died because of brain death. It is recommended to consider this fact in planning to care relatives, especially among the low-educated, the unemployed and experiencing the first year of death, of people deceased by brain death.

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