Application of expert evaluations in automated diagnostic systems

1986 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-131
Author(s):  
R. M. Khvastunov ◽  
Yu. V. Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithms ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Important Link ◽  
Diagnosis Of Diseases

Automated Diagnostic Systems (ADS) and corresponding centers are currently being established by a number of medical universities and research institutes. The task of an ASD center is to provide highly qualified advice on such issues as differential diagnosis of diseases, predicting their occurrence and course, and prescribing treatment. Computational diagnostic algorithms are the most important link in the ASD, since the efficiency of the entire system depends on their quality.

HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-60
Author(s):  
Jennifer E.  Iudicello ◽  
Erin E. Morgan ◽  
Mariam A. Hussain ◽  
Caitlin Wei-Ming Watson ◽  
Robert K. Heaton
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Neurocognitive Impairment ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Neurocognitive Performance ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
Asymptomatic Neurocognitive Impairment ◽  
Age Related

Human immunodeficiency virus enters the central nervous system (CNS) early after systemic infection, and may cause neural injury and associated neurocognitive impairment through multiple direct and indirect mechanisms. An international conference of multidisciplinary neuroAIDS experts convened in 2005 to propose operationalized research criteria for HIV-related cognitive and everyday functioning impairments. The resulting classification system, known as the Frascati criteria, defined three types of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND): asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment, mild neurocognitive disorder, and HIV-associated dementia (HAD). Consideration of comorbid conditions that can influence neurocognitive performance, such as developmental disabilities, non-HIV forms of CNS compromise (neurological and systemic), severe psychiatric conditions, and substance use disorders, is essential to differential diagnosis. Since the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART), rates of severe HAND (i.e., HAD) have greatly declined, although the milder forms of HAND remain quite prevalent, even in virally suppressed people living with HIV (PLWH). Beyond ART, clinical management of HAND includes behavioral interventions focused on neurocognitive and functional improvements. This chapter covers a range of HAND-related topics, such as the neuropathological mechanisms of HIV-related CNS injury, assessment and diagnostic systems for neurocognitive and everyday functioning impairment in HIV, treatment and protective factors, aging with HIV, HAND in international settings, and ongoing challenges and controversies in the field. Future needs for progress with HAND include advances in early detection of mild cognitive deficits and associated functional impairment in PLWH; biomarkers that may be sensitive to its underlying pathogenesis; and differential diagnosis of HAND versus age-related, non-HIV-associated disorders.

Hernia diaphragmatica

1938 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-97
Author(s):  
I. M. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽  
Rare Diseases ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Diagnosis Of Diseases

Descriptions of cases of diaphragmatic hernia, as well as other diseases of the diaphragm, are relatively rare in the literature. Therefore, we want to share our observation, which once again indicates that in the differential diagnosis of diseases of the chest and abdominal organs, it is necessary to remember about such rare diseases as a hernia of the diaphragm.

scholarly journals Ventricular disturbance of rhythm as a symptom of cardiovascular disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
N. А. Kozhucharova
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Ventricular Premature Beats ◽  
Premature Beats ◽  
Diagnosis Of Diseases

The questions of the differential diagnosis of diseases accompanied by ventricular premature beats (ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia) are thrusted into the spotlight.

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF DISEASES OF THE MUCOSA OF THE ORAL CAVITY

2021 ◽  
Vol Special issue (2) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Odinakhon Umarova ◽  
◽  
Mahpirathon Rasulova
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Oral Mucous Membrane ◽  
Diagnosis Of Diseases ◽  
Clinical Cases

Variants of pathological changes related to the group of white lesions: multiform erythema, flat lichen, candidiasis glossitis at the stage of formation of white foci. In this paper we consider the differential diagnosis of multiform erythema, planar lichen, candidiasis glossitis in the presence of signs of white plaque. Clarification of the diagnosis is based on a thorough examination and additional (including laboratory) research methods. Analysis of the results of observation of clinical cases of oral mucosa diseases to differentiate existing foci for correct diagnosis and subsequent treatment.The analysis of clinical cases of diseases of the oral mucous membrane indicates the similarity of their elements of destruction and manifestations of other symptoms, which greatly complicates the diagnostic search. A thorough survey, inspection, consultations of general specialists and additional laboratory tests allow to successfully solve the tasks

The limping child

2013 ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
Yukiko Kimura ◽  
Taunton R. Southwood
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithms ◽  
Musculoskeletal Examination ◽  
Careful History

This chapter presents a systematic approach to evaluating the limping child, beginning with a careful history, then the physical examination, and proceeding to the musculoskeletal examination followed by targeted investigations. Tables with useful tips for differential diagnosis based on age and laboratory testing, as well as diagnostic algorithms, are presented.

Diagnosis of diseases: principles and clinical practice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Dreval
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Educational Literature ◽  
Clinical Culture ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Diagnosis Of Diseases ◽  
Real Clinical Practice

The manual presents General principles of diagnosis of diseases that have not yet been discussed in detail in the educational literature. The book provides algorithms for selecting diagnostic hypotheses, explains the basic concepts that are ambiguously interpreted in the medical literature. The manual will make it easier for senior medical students, clinical residents and novice doctors to learn the fundamental principles of differential diagnosis. The book will help them become excellent specialists with a high General clinical culture and effectively apply their knowledge in real clinical practice.

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