Prevalence of cardiovascular pathology among drivers of motor transport

1999 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
А. S. Bashkireva ◽  
I. А. Latfullin ◽  
G. V. Vafina
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathology ◽  
Motor Transport ◽  
Functional Reserves ◽  
Increased Risk

The prevalence of cardiovascular pathology among drivers of motor transport in age aspect taking into account freitage specificity is analyzed. The results obtained make it possible to refer drivers of trucks aged 40 to 50 to the group of increased risk of cardiovascular pathology development. The use of donozologic diagnosis methods in giving employment allows to perform timely elimination of persons with primordially low functional reserves and adaptational potential of cardiovascular system.

scholarly journals Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD): principles, methodology and clinical applications of the optimal tool for exercise tolerance evaluation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Pella ◽  
Afroditi Boutou ◽  
Aristi Boulmpou ◽  
Christodoulos E Papadopoulos ◽  
Aikaterini Papagianni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Exercise Testing ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
Exercise Intolerance ◽  
End Stage Kidney Disease ◽  
Exercise Limitation ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise ◽  
Functional Reserves ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
End Stage

Abstract Chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. Exercise intolerance as well as reduced cardiovascular reserve are extremely common in patients with CKD. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is a non-invasive, dynamic technique that provides an integrative evaluation of cardiovascular, pulmonary, neuropsychological and metabolic function during maximal or submaximal exercise, allowing the evaluation of functional reserves of these systems. This assessment is based on the principle that system failure typically occurs when the system is under stress and, thus, CPET is currently considered to be the gold-standard for identifying exercise limitation and differentiating its causes. It has been widely used in several medical fields for risk stratification, clinical evaluation and other applications but its use in everyday practice for CKD patients is scarce. This article describes the basic principles and methodology of CPET and provides an overview of important studies that utilized CPET in patients with ESKD, in an effort to increase awareness of CPET capabilities among practicing nephrologists.

scholarly journals Toll-Like Receptors Represent an Important Link for Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Aging and Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinthya Echem ◽  
Eliana H. Akamine
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Aging

Human life span expectancy has increased, and aging affects the organism in several ways, leading, for example, to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Age-adjusted prevalence of the cardiovascular diseases is higher in males than females. Aging also affects the gonadal sex hormones and the sex differences observed in cardiovascular diseases may be therefore impacted. Hormonal changes associated with aging may also affect the immune system and the immune response is sexually different. The immune system plays a role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. In this context, toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of pattern recognition receptors of the immune system whose activation induces the synthesis of pro-inflammatory molecules. They are expressed throughout the cardiovascular system and their activation has been widely described in cardiovascular diseases. Some recent evidence demonstrates that there are sex differences associated with TLR responses and that these receptors may be affected by sex hormones and their receptors, suggesting that TLRs may contribute to the sex differences observed in cardiovascular diseases. Recent evidence also shows that sex differences of TLRs in cardiovascular system persists with aging, which may represent a new paradigm about the mechanisms that contribute to the sex differences in cardiovascular aging. Therefore, in this mini review we describe the latest findings regarding the sex differences of TLRs and associated signaling in cardiovascular diseases during aging.

Problems of cardiovascular comorbidity in patients with osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
A. Vol'nyagina ◽  
Elena Belyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Diseases ◽  
Cardiovascular Comorbidity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Comorbid Diseases ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Comorbidity

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease with high comorbidity. Among comorbid diseases in patients with OA, diseases of the cardiovascular system are in the first place. It is known that comorbid diseases mutually aggravate the course of each of the existing nosologies.It is important to study the impact of concomitant diseases in patients with OA on the quality and duration of life, to analyze the factors that contribute to an increased risk of cardiovascular disasters in patients with degenerative and destructive joint diseases.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and the Heart

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaitanya Rojulpote ◽  
Karthik Gonuguntla ◽  
Shivaraj Patil ◽  
Abhijit Bhattaru ◽  
Paco Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in a global health crisis. Prior to the arrival of this viral pandemic, the world was already plagued with a significant burden of cardiovascular disease. With the introduction of the novel virus, the world now faces a double jeapordy. Early reports have suggested an increased risk of death in individuals with underlying cardio-metabolic disorders. The exact effects of COVID-19 on the cardiovascular system are not well determined, however lessons from prior viral epidemics suggest that such infections can trigger acute coronary syndromes, arrhythmias and heart failure via direct and indirect mechanisms. In this article, we aimed to discuss the effects and potential underlying mechanisms of COVID -19 as well as potential implications of treatments targeted against this virus on the cardiovascular system.

scholarly journals Caloric restriction: powerful protection for the aging heart and vasculature

2011 ◽  
Vol 301 (4) ◽  
pp. H1205-H1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward P. Weiss ◽  
Luigi Fontana
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Left Ventricular Diastolic Function ◽  
The United States ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Research has shown that the majority of the cardiometabolic alterations associated with an increased risk of CVD (e.g., insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and inflammation) can be prevented, and even reversed, with the implementation of healthier diets and regular exercise. Data from animal and human studies indicate that more drastic interventions, i.e., calorie restriction with adequate nutrition (CR), may have additional beneficial effects on several metabolic and molecular factors that are modulating cardiovascular aging itself (e.g., cardiac and arterial stiffness and heart rate variability). The purpose of this article is to review the current knowledge on the effects of CR on the aging of the cardiovascular system and CVD risk in rodents, monkeys, and humans. Taken together, research shows that CR has numerous beneficial effects on the aging cardiovascular system, some of which are likely related to reductions in inflammation and oxidative stress. In the vasculature, CR appears to protect against endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness and attenuates atherogenesis by improving several cardiometabolic risk factors. In the heart, CR attenuates age-related changes in the myocardium (i.e., CR protects against fibrosis, reduces cardiomyocyte apoptosis, prevents myosin isoform shifts, etc.) and preserves or improves left ventricular diastolic function. These effects, in combination with other benefits of CR, such as protection against obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and cancer, suggest that CR may have a major beneficial effect on health span, life span, and quality of life in humans.

scholarly journals SUBCLINICAL INFLAMMATION IN NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE AT THE REMOTE PERIOD AFTER THE CHORNOBYL ACCIDENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 437-448
Author(s):  
O. Nosach ◽  
◽  
E. Sarkissova ◽  
S. Alyokhina ◽  
O. Pleskach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Subclinical Inflammation ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathology ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Objective: to evaluate the parameters of inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the remote period after the influence of the Chornobyl accident factors. Materials and methods. Eighty two patients with NAFLD who had been exposed to ionizing radiation as a result of the Chornobyl accident and have concomitant cardiovascular pathology were examined. Hematological parameters and the level of highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were determined, and the content of products of oxidative modification of lipids and proteins was evaluated. Results. Activation of the processes of oxidative modification of lipids and proteins was observed in most patients with NAFLD. According to the level of hsCRP, the presence of subclinical inflammation and the risk of developing complicated cardiovascular pathology was found in 58 % of patients with NAFLD. The neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio correlates positively with hsCRP and can be used as an available routine clinical marker for selection among patients with NAFLD persons with increased risk of cardiovascular complications. Conclusions. HsCRP, oxidative modification products of lipids and proteins, ESR, and leukograms should be used to assess the degree of systemic inflammation in people affected by the Chornobyl accident, suffering NAFLD with concomitant cardiovascular disease. Key words: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, chronic subclinical inflammation, Chornobyl accident.

scholarly journals The role of endothelial damage and dyslipidemia in the development of cardiovascular pathology in psoriatic arthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Zarema R. Khismatullina ◽  
Ksenia M. Koreshkova
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathology ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Complications And Mortality

An increased risk of cardiovascular events has now been identified in patients with psoriatic arthritis. The chronic immune-mediated inflammation underlying psoriatic arthritis (PA) leads to the development of dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis and its complications, in particular, a high risk of cardiovascular complications. For PA, dyslipidemias are most characteristic, manifested by an increased level of low and very low density lipoproteins, triglycerides and total cholesterol, which correlates with the activity of the disease. The literature review studied the pathogenesis of dyslipidemias and vascular wall lesions in psoriatic arthritis, analyzed the literature on cardiovascular complications and mortality among patients with PA, studied the issues of total cardiovascular risk, presented the results of numerous clinical studies that allow PA to be considered a disease associated with increased the risk of cardiovascular complications. Considering the role of proinflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of psoriatic arthritis, early detection of endothelial lesions represents the most promising direction in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, which are the main cause of mortality in this group of patients.

scholarly journals Treatment of Patients in the Vulnerable Phase (at Discharge or Early after Discharge)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri M. Lopatin ◽  
Giuseppe MC Rosano
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Discharge Outcomes ◽  
Socioeconomic Burden

The clinical course of heart failure includes a period in which the patient is at increased risk of death or rehospitalisation for HF. This period is termed the “vulnerable phase” and occurs during the peri-acute HF phase, due to microenvironmental changes in the cardiovascular system. Typically, the vulnerability phase starts from the onset of an acute HF event leading to admission, continues through a peri-discharge period and lasts up to 6 months after discharge.These poor post-discharge outcomes also represent a significant socioeconomic burden. This articles reviews treatments that are beneficial in this important phase.

scholarly journals Testosterone and Cardiovascular Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amos Tambo ◽  
Mohsin H.K. Roshan ◽  
Nikolai P. Pace
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathology ◽  
Emerging Risk ◽  
Health And Disease

Cardiovascular disease [CVD] is a leading cause of mortality accounting for a global incidence of over 31%. Atherosclerosis is the primary pathophysiology underpinning most types of CVD. Historically, modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors were suggested to precipitate CVD. Recently, epidemiological studies have identified emerging risk factors including hypotestosteronaemia, which have been associated with CVD. Previously considered in the realms of reproductive biology, testosterone is now believed to play a critical role in the cardiovascular system in health and disease. The actions of testosterone as they relate to the cardiac vasculature and its implication in cardiovascular pathology is reviewed.

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