Features of aerobic glucose oxidation and the functional state of the myocardium in pneumonia in young children

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 37-39
Author(s):  
T. N. Oparina
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Glucose Oxidation ◽  
Aerobic Oxidation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Direct Proportion ◽  
Acute Pneumonia ◽  
Contractility Of The Myocardium ◽  
Oxidation Of Glucose ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

The state of aerobic oxidation of glucose was studied in 146 children with acute pneumonia and in 50 healthy children by determining the activity of lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase and their isoenzymes, the content of pyruvic acid in the blood. It has been clinically established that with pneumonia there are violations of the contractility of the myocardium. Moreover, these disorders are in direct proportion to the depth of the shift in the ratio of aerobic and anaerobic processes in the body.

Influence of Reductants on the Catalytic Properties of Nano-Gold Supported on Mesoporous SBA-15 for Glucose Oxidation

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 220-224
Author(s):  
Chao Xian Wang ◽  
Yong Xiu Li ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Long Wei Ye ◽  
Chang Yong Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Glucose Oxidation ◽  
Au Nanoparticles ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Aerobic Oxidation ◽  
Au Nps ◽  
Nano Gold ◽  
Sem And Tem ◽  
Oxidation Of Glucose

Impregnation and deposition-precipitation (DP) methods were employed for the preparation of Au nanoparticles supported on SBA-15, and the influences of various reductants were systematically surveyed. The dispersion and particle size of gold loaded on SBA-15 were determined by XRD, SEM and TEM. It has been found that reductants have effect on the size and dispersion of Au NPs, resulting in different catalytic properties for aerobic oxidation of glucose. The Au NPs on SBA-15 using KBH4as reductant was approximately 5-6 nm, which exhibited excellent catalytic activity.

scholarly journals Glucose feeds the TCA cycle via environmental ethanol in fermenting yeast

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianxia Xiao ◽  
Artem Khan ◽  
Yihui Shen ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Joshua Rabinowitz
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Glucose Oxidation ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Glucose Fermentation ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
The Tca Cycle ◽  
Reversible Reactions ◽  
Oxidation Of Glucose

Abstract Ethanol and lactate are typical waste products of glucose fermentation. In mammals, glucose is catabolized by glycolysis into circulating lactate, which is broadly used throughout the body as a carbohydrate fuel. Individual cells can both uptake and excrete lactate, uncoupling glycolysis from glucose oxidation. Here we show that similar uncoupling occurs in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Even in fermenting yeast that are net releasing ethanol, media 13C-ethanol rapid enters and is oxidized to acetaldehyde and acetyl-CoA. This is evident in exogenous ethanol being a major source of both cytosolic and mitochondrial acetyl units. 2H-tracing reveals that ethanol is also a major source of both NADH and NADPH, and this role is augmented under oxidative stress conditions. Thus, uncoupling of glycolysis from the oxidation of glucose-derived carbon via rapid reversible reactions is an ancient and conserved feature of eukaryotic metabolism.

scholarly journals Relation of Automated Body Condition Scoring System and Inline Biomarkers (Milk Yield, β-Hydroxybutyrate, Lactate Dehydrogenase and Progesterone in Milk) with Cow’s Pregnancy Success

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1414
Author(s):  
Ramūnas Antanaitis ◽  
Vida Juozaitienė ◽  
Dovilė Malašauskienė ◽  
Mindaugas Televičius ◽  
Mingaudas Urbutis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Time Analyzer ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
Body Condition Scoring

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the relation of automatically determined body condition score (BCS) and inline biomarkers such as β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), milk yield (MY), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and progesterone (mP4) with the pregnancy success of cows. The cows (n = 281) had 2.1 ± 0.1. lactations on average, were 151.6 ± 0.06 days postpartum, and were once tested with “Easy scan” ultrasound (IMV imaging, Scotland) at 30–35 d post-insemination. According to their reproductive status, cows were grouped into two groups: non-pregnant (n = 194 or 69.0% of cows) and pregnant (n = 87 or 31.0% of cows). Data concerning their BCS, mP4, MY, BHB, and LDH were collected each day from the day of insemination for 7 days. The BCS was collected with body condition score camera (DeLaval Inc., Tumba, Sweden); mP4, MY, BHB, and LDH were collected with the fully automated real-time analyzer Herd Navigator™ (Lattec I/S, Hillerød, Denmark) in combination with a DeLaval milking robot (DeLaval Inc., Tumba, Sweden). Of all the biomarkers, three differences between groups were significant. The body condition score (BCS) of the pregnant cows was higher (+0.49 score), the milk yield (MY) was lower (−4.36 kg), and milk progesterone in pregnant cows was (+6.11 ng/mL) higher compared to the group of non-pregnant cows (p < 0.001). The pregnancy status of the cows was associated with their BCS assessment (p < 0.001). We estimated that cows with BCS > 3.2 were 22 times more likely to have reproductive success than cows with BCS ≤ 3.2.

Glucose utilization by sheep embryos derived in vivo and in vitro

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 571 ◽  
Author(s):  
JG Thompson ◽  
AC Simpson ◽  
PA Pugh ◽  
RW Wright ◽  
HR Tervit
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Oxidation ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Glycolytic Activity ◽  
Total Utilization ◽  
Oxidation Of Glucose

Embryos were collected from superovulated donors at various intervals from onset of oestrus, ranging from Day 1.5 to Day 6. In addition, blastocysts obtained from the culture of 1-cell embryos collected in vivo or of oocytes matured and fertilized in vitro were used to assess the effects of in vitro manipulation and culture on glucose utilization. Glycolytic activity was determined by the conversion of [5-3H]glucose to 3H2O, and oxidation of glucose was determined by the conversion of [U-14C]glucose to 14CO2. Glucose utilization increases significantly from the 8-cell stage and during compaction and blastulation. Glucose oxidation was at a relatively low level (5-12% of total utilization) compared with glycolysis. No difference was observed between the glycolytic activity of blastocysts derived from in vivo or in vitro sources. However, glucose oxidation was lower (P less than 0.05) in blastocysts derived from the culture of 1-cell embryos or from oocytes matured and fertilized in vitro. Exogenous tricarboxylic acid cycle substrates (i.e. pyruvate and lactate supplied in the medium) affected the level of glucose oxidation.

scholarly journals Catalytic activity of gold nanoparticles deposited on N-doped carbon-based supports in oxidation of glucose and arabinose mixtures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Franz ◽  
Nataliya D. Shcherban ◽  
Igor Bezverkhyy ◽  
Sergii A. Sergiienko ◽  
Irina L. Simakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Glucose Oxidation ◽  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Carbon Surface ◽  
Carbon Supports ◽  
Constant Ph ◽  
Oxidation Of Glucose ◽  
Mesoporous Structures ◽  
Carbon Based

AbstractOxidation of a mixture of glucose and arabinose over Au particles deposited on porous carbons, N-doped carbons and carbon nitrides was investigated at 70 °C, under constant pH of 8, and oxygen partial pressure 0.125 atm. In particular, Au deposited on nitrogen-containing carbon-based mesoporous structures demonstrated activity in the oxidation of the sugars to the corresponding aldonic acids higher than gold deposited on undoped carbon supports (conversion of glucose up to ca. 60%, arabinose–ca. 30% after 200 min). The results can be explained by the basic nature of the supports leading to an increase in the polarity of the carbon surface and the oxygen activation. Glucuronic acid (with selectivity ca. 10–93.5%) together with gluconic acid was formed as a result of glucose oxidation, while arabinose was selectively oxidized to arabinonic acid.

STEADY STATE OXIDATION OF GLUCOSE IN THE HYPOTHYROID DIABETIC RAT: A ROLE FOR THE ADRENAL CORTEX IN GLUCOSE OXIDATION

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1293-1305
Author(s):  
Dorothy S. Dow ◽  
C. E. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Glucose Oxidation ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Hexose Monophosphate ◽  
Hexose Monophosphate Pathway ◽  
Oxidation Of Glucose

A steady state between the specific activities of blood glucose and expired CO2in the hypothyroid diabetic rat was maintained for extended periods of time following a single intraperitoneal injection of glucose-1-C14or glucose-6-C14. Rates of oxidation of the labelled sugars were measured during the steady state.Glucose oxidation by way of glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle in the hypothyroid diabetic rat paralleled the decrease in expired CO2but glucose oxidation by way of the hexose monophosphate pathway was completely suppressed.It is suggested that the observed inhibitory effect on the hexose monophosphate pathway is due to the maintenance of diphosphopyridine nucleotide in the reduced form as the result of goitrogen inhibition of steroid-catalyzed transhydrogenation.The results suggest that steroid concentration may be a critical factor in regulation of glucose oxidation by way of the hexose monophosphate pathway.

Oxidation of glucose carbon entering the TCA cycle is reduced by glutamine in small intestine epithelial cells

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (6) ◽  
pp. G879-G888 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Kight ◽  
S. E. Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Glucose Oxidation ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Proximal Segment ◽  
Distal Small Intestine ◽  
Glucose Carbon ◽  
The Tca Cycle ◽  
Oxidation Of Glucose ◽  
In Cells

The influence of glutamine on glucose oxidation was assessed in epithelial cells isolated from the mucosa of the proximal, mid-, and distal small intestine of young, fed, male rats. Glucose oxidation declined along the length of the small intestine, with values from the mid- and distal segments representing approximately 55% and 40%, respectively, of the value from the proximal segment. A gradient along the small intestine was noted also in the influence of glutamine on glucose oxidation: glutamine suppressed glucose oxidation approximately 60% in the proximal small intestine, 39% in the mid-intestine, and 31% in the distal small intestine. Glutamine suppressed the oxidation of glucose carbon that entered the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle; this was determined using CO2 ratios derived from acetate and glucose isotopes. In cells from the proximal segment, the probability that carbon entering the cycle would complete one full turn was reduced by glutamine from 0.77 to 0.28. The entry of glucose-derived pyruvate into the TCA cycle did not appear to be influenced by the presence of glutamine, however. Glutamine had no influence on the proportion of glucose metabolism that occurred via the pentose phosphate pathway (which averaged 5% or less), but reduced flux of carbon through pyruvate carboxylase relative to flux through pyruvate dehydrogenase from 40% to 9% in cells from the proximal segment. These data suggest that, in the presence of glutamine, the fate of pyruvate carbon (derived from glucose or elsewhere) entering the TCA cycle is altered from that of oxidation to anaplerosis and subsequent efflux of TCA cycle intermediates into newly synthesized compounds.

scholarly journals Echocardiographic evaluation of ventricular septal defect haemodynamics

2007 ◽  
Vol 135 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 541-546
Author(s):  
Vesna Miranovic
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is an opening in the interventricular septum. 30-50% of patients with congenital heart disease have VSD. Objective The aim of the study was to determine the dependence of the left ventricular diastolic dimension (LVD), left ventricular systolic dimension (LVS), shortening fraction (SF), left atrium (LA), pulmonary artery truncus (TPA) on the body surface and compare their values among experimental, control and a group of healthy children. Values of maximal systolic gradient pressure (Pvsd) of VSD were compared with children from one experimental and control group. Method Children were divided into three groups: experimental (32 children with VSD that were to go to surgery), control (20 children with VSD who did not require surgery) and 40 healthy children. Measurements of LVD, LVS, SF, LA, TPA were performed in accordance to recommendations of the American Echocardiographic Association. The value of Pvsd was calculated from the maximal flow velocity (V) in VSD using the following formula: Pvsd=4xV? (mm Hg). Results For children from the experimental group, the relationship between the body surface and the variability of the LVD was explained with 56.85%, LVS with 66.15%, SF with 4.9%, TPA with 58.92%. For children from the control group, the relationship between the body surface and the variability of LVD was explained with 88.8%, LVS with 72.5%, SF with 0.42%, PA with 58.92%. For healthy children, the relationship between the body surface and the variabilitiy of the LVD was explained with 88.8%, LVS with 88.78%, SF with 5.25% and PA with 84.75%. There was a significant statistical difference between average values of Pvsd in the experimental and control group (p<0.02). Conclusion The presence of the large VSD has an influence on the enlargement of LVD, LVS, SF, TPA. The enlargement of the size of the pulmonary artery depends on the presence of VSD and there is a direct variation in the magnitude of the shunt. There is a relationship and significant dependence of the LVS and LVD on the body surface. There is no statistically significant dependence between SF and body surface.

scholarly journals A betegség és a szociodemográfiai háttér hatása a cerebralis bénulásban szenvedő gyermekek életminőségére

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (7) ◽  
pp. 269-279
Author(s):  
Melinda Fejes ◽  
Beatrix Varga ◽  
Katalin Hollódy
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The Body ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Functional Difference ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A kutatócsoport 99 fő, cerebralis paresisben (CP) szenvedő gyermek (8–18 éves) önállóan közölt életminőségét értékelte, és az eredményeket összehasonlította egy 237 fős kontrollcsoport adataival, amelyek hasonló életkorú, egészséges általános populációhoz tartozó gyermekektől származtak. Célkitűzés: A kutatás célja annak megismerése volt, hogy a CP-ben szenvedő gyermekek hogyan vélekednek egészségi állapotukról és társadalmi helyzetükről. Módszer: Életminőség-kérdőív alkalmazása. Betegségspecifikus és társadalmi-demográfiai mutatók mérése, kiértékelése. Eredmények: Az CP-ben szenvedő gyermekek és szüleik az egészséggel kapcsolatos életminőséget rosszabbnak ítélték meg, mint társaik. Eredményeink azt mutatják, hogy a női nem, a rosszabb motoros funkció és a komorbiditások (epilepszia, incontinentia és intellektuális károsodás) negatív hatású. A szülői vélemény alkalmas volt proxyjelentésként a korreláció mért erőssége miatt. Figyelemre méltó, hogy az agyi bénulás típusai közül az egyoldali spasticus CP-ben szenvedő gyermekek életminőség-értéke a legalacsonyabb. A válaszadók valószínűleg a test két oldala között lévő funkcionális különbséget érezték. A szellemi fogyatékosság a betegpopuláció több mint felénél fordult elő. Testvéreik között a mentális betegség 5,7-szer gyakoribb. A CP-s gyerekek családi környezete sokkal hátrányosabb volt, mint az egészséges gyermekeké. A kutatás eredményei alapján megállapítható, hogy a szülő alacsonyabb iskolai végzettsége és munkaerőpiaci inaktivitása, valamint az egyszülős család a CP-s gyerekeknél szignifikánsan magasabb arányban fordult elő, és ezek a tényezők negatív hatást gyakoroltak az életminőségre. Következtetés: A fogyatékkal élő gyermekek életminőségét a betegség és a szociodemográfiai környezet egyaránt befolyásolja. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(7): 269–279. Summary. Introduction: Self-reported health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of 99 children (8–18 years) with cerebral palsy (CP) was assessed and compared with 237, age-matched healthy control children from the general population. Objective: The aim was to find out the opinions of children with CP about their health status and social condition. Method: Assessment of quality of life questionnaire was carried out. Measurements of disease-specific and sociodemographic variables were done. Results: Children with CP and their parents rated HRQoL poorer than their counterparts. Our results show that female sex, worse gross motor function and comorbidities (epilepsy, incontinence and intellectual impairment) had negative impact. The parental opinion was suitable as proxy report because of the measured strength of the correlation. Among the types of CP, interestingly, children with unilateral spastic CP had the poorest HRQoL. They were likely to feel a functional difference between the two sides of the body. Intellectual disability occurred in more than half of our patient population. Among their siblings, mental illness is 5.7 times more common. The family environment was much more disadvantageous than in the case of healthy children. As our study shows, lower education, inactive status in the labour market and single-parent family occurred at a much higher rate and worsened the quality of life. Conclusion: Quality of life of children with disability was influenced by both the sociodemographic background and the disease. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(7): 269–279.

scholarly journals Nutritional status of school children living in Northern part of Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gitanjali Sathiadas ◽  
A Annieston ◽  
V Arunath ◽  
T Kasthuri ◽  
V P Wickramasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
School Children ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Height For Age

Abstract Background Nutritional status is an important indicator for measuring quality of life in children. A region that is recovering from war will face many problems related to nutrition. Very few studies have addressed the nutritional problems in school-going children. This study was undertaken to identify the prevalence of wasting, stunting and obesity of school children from Northern Sri Lanka and associated socio-demographic factorsMethods A community based cross-sectional study was carried out using multistage stratified proportionate cluster among healthy children attending schools in the Northern part of the country. Height and weight were measured and the Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated [weight (kg)/Height (m) ²]. BMI-for-age z-score (BAZ) and Height for age Z (HAZ) scores were determined and WHO growth references were used to categorise the nutritional status of the children. Correlation between various nutritional problems with Maternal education, household income, number of family members and the residential area was assessed. Results A total of 1012 children were recruited, and the mean age and standard deviation were 11.12±1.77yrs. Girls in the age ranges of 9-14 were heavier and taller when compared to the boys compatible to the pubertal growth spurt. Stunting based on the height for age was seen in 10.9% of boys and 11.8% of girls. Wasting based on BMI for age WHO standard (WHO 2007) was seen in 30.6% of boys and 29.1% of the girls. The prevalence of overweight was 11% and Obesity was 6.3% of the population. Obesity was predominantly seen in boys (4.2%) and it was significantly higher when compared to the girls (2.1%) (p <0.001). Older boys (>10 years) were significantly affected more than the younger ones (p <0.01). The prevalence of wasting, stunting, overweight and obesity had significant variations in different educational zones comparable with the geographical areas. Maternal Education and Family income had a significant impact on the prevalence of stunting and obesity. (p<0.001) whereas the family size significantly contributed to the wasting and obesity. Conclusion Findings suggest that stunting, wasting, overweight and obesity are prevalent among 6-16-year-old leading to concerns in public health. The nutritional status significantly vary according to the geographical location maternal education and the household income.

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