Clinical tolerance of single doses of ethionamide in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-63
Author(s):  
G. A. Smirnov ◽  
L. T. Zamaletdinova ◽  
V. A. Mikhailovskaya ◽  
S. I. Latypova
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Number Of Patients

The tolerance of ethionamide was studied in 851 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The drug was administered at 0.75 g at a time. Side effects were noted in 31% of individuals, and complete intolerance - in 6.6%. For the rest, adverse reactions disappeared after a short break in taking the drug or when it was administered at night. In a number of patients, to remove side effects, it was necessary to reduce a single dose of ethionamide to 0.5 g or give it 0.25 g three times. More often, side complications occurred in persons with chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as in elderly and senile patients.

The effect of chronic diseases on the clinical effect and survival period of patients with solid tumor treated with UMIPIC.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16532-e16532
Author(s):  
Shanshan Cui ◽  
Yanping Liu ◽  
Yanfei Wu ◽  
Wei Shang ◽  
Wei Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Median Survival Time ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Clinical Effect ◽  
Patients With Cancer

e16532 Background: To observe the effect of chronic disease condition on the therapeutic effect and survival period of cancer patients treated with UMIPIC. Methods: 2594 cancer patients in our hospital from January 2011 to December 2015 who received UMIPIC for the study objects. 576 cases with chronic diseases, 2018 without chronic disease, 840 with lung cancer, 712 with esophageal cancer, 254 with liver cancer, 108 with pancreatic cancer, 93 with gastric cancer, 587 with other cancers. They signed the consent for treatment, evaluated the efficacy, followed up to the clinical effect, adverse reactions, survival data of patients. Results: The side effects of the chronic disease patients with cancer after UMIPIC therapy is fever at 26.56%, pain at 15.10%, the second was hemoglobin reduction 16.48%, leucopenia 5.27%, liver function damage 2.67%, thrombocytopenia 2.45%, nausea 2.26%, vomiting 1.39%, neurotoxicity and hair loss of less than 0.20%, while cancer patients without chronic disease after UMIPIC therapy, side effect is fever at 32.37%, pain at14.87%, hemoglobin reduction 13.26%, leucopenia 6.09%, nausea 2.73%, thrombocytopenia 2.6% 3%, liver function damage 1.77%, vomiting 1.73%, kidney function damage 0.89%, neurotoxicity and hair loss were lower than 0.20%; there is only fever difference in the two groups (P < 0.05).There was no significant difference in other adverse reactions. This may be due to the immunity of normal patients was stronger than that of chronic patients. It was found that the clinical benefit rate of 90.91% in patients with chronic diseases was significantly lower than 93.44% in patients without chronic diseases (P = 0.021); after follow-up, we found that the mean survival time of patients with chronic diseases was 22.149 months, median survival time was 10.300 months, while median survival time of patients without chronic diseases was 22.940 months, median survival time was 11.200 months, and the survival rates of patients without chronic diseases for 1, 2, 3 and 5-year were 48.94%, 29.97%, 25.19%, and 25.18% respectively, it is significantly higher than those of patients with chronic diseases (43.19%, 22.33%, 18.37% and 16.04%) (P<0.05). Conclusions: The survival time and survival rate of the patients without chronic diseases are higher than those of the patients with chronic diseases. The side effects of chronic diseases on the patients with cancer treated with UMIPIC are not significant different except for fever. The patients with chronic diseases can safely receive UMIPIC treatment.

scholarly journals The prevalence of chronic pancreatitis in patients with the first diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
L. D. Todoriko ◽  
I. O. Semianiv
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Chronic Pancreatitis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Biliary System ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Pancreatic Lesion ◽  
Antituberculous Drugs ◽  
The Future

Despite the reduction in the incidence of tuberculosis, the side effects of antimycobacterial drugs limit the conduction of a complete chemotherapy. They often develop upon comorbid pancreatic lesion. Analysis has shown that chronic pancreatitis is observed in 22.2% of cases. It is found that lesions of the pancreas occur 1.7 times more often in patients with resistant forms of tuberculosis than in patients with more sensitive forms. Lack of proper attention to comorbidity from hepato-pancreatic-biliary system leads to the development of adverse reactions to tuberculosis treatment, which in the future may lead to a temporary cancellation of antituberculous drugs, development of drug resistance and ineffective treatment.  

scholarly journals Adverse reactions to anti-tuberculous drugs in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and ways to eliminate them

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
M.M. Kuzhko ◽  
V.M. Melnyk ◽  
М.І. Gumeniuk ◽  
T.V. Tlustova ◽  
T.A. Sprynsian
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Impact On Treatment ◽  
Practical Recommendations

ABSTRACT. Here we present the results of retrospective analysis of medical records of 2292 patients with all forms of pulmonary tuberculosis aged 20 to 65 years, who were treated at the National Institute of Tuberculosis and Pulmonology named after F.G. Yanovsky of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine in 2000-2018. We analyzed the most common side effects of anti-tuberculous drugs and their impact on treatment effectiveness. Practical recommendations for the elimination of adverse reactions to anti-tuberculous drugs in order to increase the effectiveness of treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis are given here.

Gastric Ulcers Produced by Cisplatin

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 582-583
Author(s):  
S.K. Aggarwal ◽  
J. San Antonio
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Antitumor Agent ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Enzyme Cytochemistry ◽  
Intestinal Toxicity ◽  
Ovarian Cancers ◽  
Inner Surface

Cisplatin (cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II)) a potent antitumor agent is now available for the treatment of testicular and ovarian cancers. It is however, not free from its serious side effects including nephrotoxicity, gastro intestinal toxicity, myelosuppression, and ototoxicity. Here we now report that the drug produces peculiar bloating of the stomach in rats and induces acute ulceration.Wistar-derived rats weighing 200-250 g were administered cisplatin(9 mg/kg) ip as a single dose in 0.15 M NaCl. After 3 days the animals were sacrificed by decapitation. The stomachs were removed, the contents analyzed for pepsin and acidity. The inner surface was examined with a dissecting microscope after a moderate stretching for ulcers. Affected areas were fixed and processed for routine electron microscopy and enzyme cytochemistry.The drug treated animals kept on food and water consistently showed bloating and lesions (Fig. 1) with a frequency of 6-70 ulcers in the rumen section of the stomachs.

scholarly journals Case Series of Three Patients with Rifampicin-Induced Thrombocytopenia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandramouli M.T
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Effective Drug ◽  
Antitubercular Drugs ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Life Threatening

AbstractLife-threatening adverse reactions of antitubercular drugs are uncommon; however, thrombocytopenia is one such rare complication encountered with rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. Rifampicin is the most effective drug and its use in the tuberculosis treatment led to the emergence of modern and effective short-course regimens. I am reporting case series of three patients with pulmonary tuberculosis presented with rifampicin-induced thrombocytopenia.

scholarly journals Comparing the efficacy and side-effects of PDLASTA® (Pegfilgrastim) with PDGRASTIM® (Filgrastim) in breast cancer patients: a non-inferiority randomized clinical trial

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Safa Najafi ◽  
Maryam Ansari ◽  
Vahid Kaveh ◽  
Shahpar Haghighat
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Injection Site Reaction ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and side effects of a single dose (Pegfilgrastim or PDL) or repeated six daily injections (Filgrastim or PDG) during chemotherapy courses in breast cancer patients in a non-inferiority clinical trial. Methods In this randomized clinical trial, 80 patients were recruited and allocated randomly to two equal arms. In one group, a single subcutaneous dose of PDL was injected the day after receiving the chemotherapy regimen in each cycle. The second arm received a subcutaneous injection of PDG for six consecutive days in each cycle of treatment. The side effects of GCF treatment and its effect on blood parameters were compared in each cycle and during eight cycles of chemotherapy. Results Hematologic parameters showed no significant differences in any of the treatment courses between the two study groups. The comparison of WBC (p = 0.527), Hgb (p = 0.075), Platelet (p = 0.819), Neutrophil (p = 0.575), Lymphocyte (p = 705) and ANC (p = 0.675) changes during the eight courses of treatment also revealed no statistically significant difference between the two study groups. Side effects including headache, injection site reaction and muscle pain had a lower frequency in patients receiving PDL drugs. Conclusion It seems that PDL is non-inferior in efficacy and also less toxic than PDG. Since PDL can be administered in a single dose and is also less costly, it can be regarded as a cost-effective drug for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Trial registration IRCT20190504043465N1, May 2019.

scholarly journals The Safety of COVID-19 Vaccinations—We Should Rethink the Policy

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 693
Author(s):  
Harald Walach ◽  
Rainer J. Klement ◽  
Wouter Aukema
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
European Medicines Agency ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Vaccination Policy ◽  
Risks And Benefits

Background: COVID-19 vaccines have had expedited reviews without sufficient safety data. We wanted to compare risks and benefits. Method: We calculated the number needed to vaccinate (NNTV) from a large Israeli field study to prevent one death. We accessed the Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) database of the European Medicines Agency and of the Dutch National Register (lareb.nl) to extract the number of cases reporting severe side effects and the number of cases with fatal side effects. Result: The NNTV is between 200–700 to prevent one case of COVID-19 for the mRNA vaccine marketed by Pfizer, while the NNTV to prevent one death is between 9000 and 50,000 (95% confidence interval), with 16,000 as a point estimate. The number of cases experiencing adverse reactions has been reported to be 700 per 100,000 vaccinations. Currently, we see 16 serious side effects per 100,000 vaccinations, and the number of fatal side effects is at 4.11/100,000 vaccinations. For three deaths prevented by vaccination we have to accept two inflicted by vaccination. Conclusions: This lack of clear benefit should cause governments to rethink their vaccination policy.

The Effect of a Single Dose of Quazepam (Sch-16134) on the Sleep of Chronic Insomniacs

1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Roth ◽  
Elizabeth I Tietz ◽  
Milton Kramer ◽  
Mark Kaffeman
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Subjective Measures ◽  
Sleep Maintenance ◽  
Eeg Changes ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Polysomnographic Recording

The present study evaluated the efficacy of 25 mg of quazepam, a new benzodiazepine hypnotic, in a population of chronic insomniacs. The results indicate that a single dose (25 mg) administered for one night was efficacious when measured both objectively by polysomnographic recording and subjectively by questionnaire with no reported side-effects. The change in the objective measures paralleled the direction of change in subjective measures. Sleep efficiency and sleep maintenance were improved without EEG changes in Stages 2, 3-4, and REM. Further study is needed to evaluate the effects of chronic administration of different doses of quazepam in chronic insomniacs.

scholarly journals Adverse reactions of targeted therapy in cancer patients: a retrospective study of hospital medical data in China

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruofei Du ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Lixia Ma ◽  
Leon M. Larcher ◽  
Han Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Target Therapy ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background The adverse reactions (ADRs) of targeted therapy were closely associated with treatment response, clinical outcome, quality of life (QoL) of patients with cancer. However, few studies presented the correlation between ADRs of targeted therapy and treatment effects among cancer patients. This study was to explore the characteristics of ADRs with targeted therapy and the prognosis of cancer patients based on the clinical data. Methods A retrospective secondary data analysis was conducted within an ADR data set including 2703 patients with targeted therapy from three Henan medical centers of China between January 2018 and December 2019. The significance was evaluated with chi-square test between groups with or without ADRs. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression with backward stepwise method were applied to assess the difference of pathological characteristics in patients with cancer. Using the univariate Cox regression method, the actuarial probability of overall survival was performed to compare the clinical outcomes between these two groups. Results A total of 485 patients were enrolled in this study. Of all patients, 61.0% (n = 296) occurred ADRs including skin damage, fatigue, mucosal damage, hypertension and gastrointestinal discomfort as the top 5 complications during the target therapy. And 62.1% of ADRs were mild to moderate, more than half of the ADRs occurred within one month, 68.6% ADRs lasted more than one month. Older patients (P = 0.022) and patients with lower education level (P = 0.036), more than 2 comorbidities (P = 0.021), longer medication time (P = 0.022), drug combination (P = 0.033) and intravenous administration (P = 0.019) were more likely to have ADRs. Those with ADRs were more likely to stop taking (P = 0.000), change (P = 0.000), adjust (P = 0.000), or not take the medicine on time (P = 0.000). The number of patients with recurrence (P = 0.000) and metastasis (P = 0.006) were statistically significant difference between ADRs and non-ADRs group. And the patients were significantly poor prognosis in ADRs groups compared with non-ADRs group. Conclusion The high incidence of ADRs would affect the treatment and prognosis of patients with cancer. We should pay more attention to these ADRs and develop effective management strategies.

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