scholarly journals Research of genetic predisposition to gestosis: polymorphism of genes, participating in vasoregulation of functions endothelium

2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Yelena V. Mozgovaya
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Genetic Predisposition ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Developmental Pathways ◽  
Multifactorial Disease ◽  
Mutant Genes ◽  
Pai 1

The polymorphism of the genes involved in the regulation of endothelial function - PLAT, PAI-1, ACE, eNOS and TNF- - was studied in 122 pregnant women with pure and concomitant preeclampsia of varying severity and in 73 healthy puerperas. It was revealed that mutant genotypes of the studied genes are associated with more pronounced clinical and laboratory indicators of the severity of preeclampsia and the greatest increase in the level of markers of endothelial dysfunction. It is noted that the frequency of mutant genes and alleles varies depending on the severity of preeclampsia and the presence of background diseases characterized by the presence of endothelial dysfunction. The data obtained confirm the opinion that gestosis is a multifactorial disease with several, possibly independent, developmental pathways. The study of the polymorphism of genes regulating endothelial function contributes to the early identification of a risk group for the development of preeclampsia.

scholarly journals Comparison of biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and microvascular endothelial function in patients with primary aldosteronism and essential hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 147032032199949
Author(s):  
Miaomiao Sang ◽  
Yu Fu ◽  
Chenmin Wei ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Xueting Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Primary Aldosteronism ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial ◽  
Pai 1 ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial Function

Introduction: Studies have shown that primary aldosteronism (PA) has a higher risk of cardiovascular events than essential hypertension (EH). Endothelial dysfunction is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events. Whether PA and EH differ in the endothelial dysfunction is uncertain. Our study was designed to investigate the levels of biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction (Asymmetric dimethylarginine, ADMA; E-selectin, and Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, PAI-1) and assess the microvascular endothelial function in patients with PA and EH, respectively. Methods: The biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Microvascular endothelial function was evaluated by Pulse amplitude tonometry (PAT). Results: Thirty-one subjects with EH and 36 subjects with PA including 22 with aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and 14 with idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA) were enrolled in our study. The ADMA levels among the three groups were different (APA 47.83 (27.50, 87.74) ng/ml vs EH 25.08 (22.44, 39.79) ng/ml vs IHA 26.00 (22.23, 33.75) ng/ml; p = 0.04), however, when the APA group was compared with EH and IHA group, there was no statistical significance (47.83 (27.50, 87.74) ng/ml vs 25.08 (22.44, 39.79) ng/ml for EH, p = 0.11; 47.83 (27.50, 87.74) ng/ml vs IHA 26.00 (33.75) ng/ml, p = 0.07). The results of ADMA levels are presented as Median (p25, p75). Whereas, levels of PAI-1 and E-selectin, microvascular endothelial function were not significantly different between PA and EH subjects. Conclusions: Our study shows no significant differences between PA and EH in terms of biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and microvascular endothelial function. The microvascular endothelial function of PA and EH patients is comparable.

scholarly journals Reactive Hyperemia-Triggered Wrist Pulse Analysis for Early Monitoring of Young Men with High Atherosclerotic Risk

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1918
Author(s):  
Jian-Jung Chen ◽  
Hsien-Tsai Wu ◽  
Bagus Haryadi
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Young Men ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Initial Application ◽  
Group 2

The high prevalence of cardiovascular disease in young adults has raised significant concern regarding the early identification of risk factors to allow for timely intervention. This study aimed to identify young males at risk of atherosclerosis using a noninvasive instrument and an initial application percussion entropy analysis of the wrist pressure pulse (WPP). In total, 49 young males aged 18 to 28, without any known history of vascular disease, were recruited. Blood samples were obtained whereby a TC/HDL cutoff value of 4 was used to divide the young men into low-risk (Group 1, TC/HDL < 4, N = 32) and high-risk (Group 2, TC/HDL ≥ 4, N = 17) groups regarding atherosclerosis. The reactive hyperemia-triggered WPPs were measured using a modified air-pressure-sensing system (MAPSS). The dilation index (DI) of the endothelial function and percussion entropy index (PEI) of the heart rate variability (HRV) assessments, calculated using pragmatic signal-processing techniques, were compared between the two groups. The nonparametric Mann–Whitney U test showed that the DI and PEI of the two groups showed statistical differences (both p < 0.05). Not only could the MAPSS assess endothelial function and HRV in young males, but the results also showed that waist circumference and PEI may serve as indicators for the early identification of young males at risk of atherosclerosis.

The Profile of Endothelial Function in Children with ALL Is Associated with the Risk Stratification Determining the Outcome – a Pilot Study

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 4230-4230
Author(s):  
Ewa Niedzielska ◽  
Adrian Doroszko ◽  
Alicja Chybicka ◽  
Andrzej Szuba
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
No Bioavailability ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Standard Risk ◽  
Pai 1

Abstract Abstract 4230 Background: Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is characterized by impaired balance between pro- and anti-aggregatory, pro- and anti-inflammatory factors as well as vasodilative and vasoconstrictive action of numerous metabolic and signaling pathways. ED is an important factor worsening the outcome in severe diseases. The aim of this study was to assess if the profile of endothelial function during the treatment of ALL might be associated with the risk stratification and with the outcome. Material and Methods: N=18 children at age of 4–18 years with ALL, treated with the ALLIC- BFM 2002 protocol were investigated. Plasma levels of the NO pathway metabolites (L-Arginine, ADMA – an endogenous competive eNOS inhibitor), markers of endothelial inflammatory and aggregatory function (VCAM-1, ICAM-1, E-selectin, P-selectin and PAI-1), lipid peroxidation (MDA – malonyldialdehyde) were analyzed at baseline, then during the 33rd and 78th day of treatment. Results were compared between three subgroups: standard risk, intermediate risk and high risk. Results: Subjects in the high risk groups were characterized by increased baseline lipid peroxidation, as assessed by the MDA levels in comparison to those in the standard risk group (8.56±2.14U/ml vs. 3.57±0.81U/ml, respectively, p<0.05). In the high risk group low E-selectin levels at baseline (32.1±6.1ng/ml vs. 101.3±11.8ng/ml in the standard risk group, respectively, p<0.05), as well as high NO production at the beginning of the M protocol, assessed by the L-Arg/ADMA ratio (88.6±11.6ng/ml vs. 41.7±6.4ng/ml, respectively, p<0.05) were observed. Moreover, increase in the PAI-1 level during the therapy was associated with smaller risk for poor outcome. Conclusions: Increased lipid peroxidation, low E-selectin at baseline, as well as increased NO bioavailability, decreased PAI-1 levels at the beginning of the M protocol are common feature in children classified to the high risk group. Low NO bioavailability at baseline and high at the beginning of the M protocol as well as decreased anti-inflammatory and antiaggregatory function of endothelium at the beginning of the M protocol are associated with higher risk for poor prognosis. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Abstract 041: Elevated Circulating Copeptin in Mid-Gestation is Associated with Increased Aortic Stiffness and Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Pregnant Women at High Risk for Preeclampsia

Hypertension ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary L Pierce ◽  
Donna A Santillan ◽  
Diedre Fleener ◽  
Sabrina M Scroggins ◽  
Kimberlly K Leslie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Function

Circulating copeptin, a stable biomarker of vasopressin (AVP) secretion, is elevated throughout pregnancy in women who develop preeclampsia (PreE) and is a strong predictor of PreE as early as the 6th week gestation. Reduced vascular endothelial function and increased aortic stiffness occur in mid-gestation before clinical signs/symptoms of PreE manifest, suggesting that maternal vascular dysfunction may be an early event in the pathogenesis of PreE. However, it is unknown whether elevated copeptin/AVP in early/mid gestation contributes to vascular dysfunction in pregnant women who subsequently develop PreE. Therefore, we hypothesized that elevated copeptin would be associated with increased aortic stiffness and reduced vascular endothelial function in early/mid gestation of pregnant women at high risk for PreE. Pregnant women in the 1st trimester (n=72; age=30 ±1 yrs; BMI=34 ± 1 kg/m2) with at least 1 risk factor for PreE were enrolled. Aortic stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, CFPWV), vascular endothelial function (brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, FMD), blood pressure (BP) and plasma copeptin (ELISA) were assessed in both the 1st (11.7 ± 0.2 wks) and 2nd (18.8 ± 0.4 wks) trimesters. In the 1st trimester, CFPWV (7.3 ± 0.2 vs. 7.3 ± 0.5 m/sec, P=0.86), brachial artery FMD (12.9 ± 1.1 vs. 14.3 ± 2.0%, P=0.53), BP, BMI and age did not differ between women in the highest (1513 ± 221 pg/ml) vs. lowest (279 ± 12 pg/ml) quartile of copeptin (P<0.01). In contrast, 2nd trimester CFPWV was greater (7.2 ± 0.2 vs. 6.4 ± 0.2 m/sec, P<0.05) and brachial artery FMD was lower (10.2 ± 2.8 vs. 16.5 ± 1.3 %, P<0.05) among women in the highest (1714 ± 481 pg/ml) vs. the lowest (249 ± 13 pg/ml) quartile of copeptin (P<0.01), in the absence of differences in BP, BMI or age. For the entire cohort, (log)copeptin was significantly correlated with CFPWV (r=0.23, P=0.04) and tended to correlate with FMD (r=-0.23, P=0.06) in the 2nd but not in the 1st trimester. These data suggest that elevated copeptin in mid-gestation is associated with aortic stiffness and vascular endothelial dysfunction in pregnant women at high risk for PreE, but whether increased copeptin/AVP causes vascular dysfunction in pregnancies destined for PreE requires further studies using animal models.

Endothelial dysfunction in the first trimester of pregnancy

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Alexey V. Mironov ◽  
Madina M. Umakhanova ◽  
Alexandr V. Zhukocky
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Obstetric Complications ◽  
Trophoblast Invasion ◽  
Vessel Lumen ◽  
Apoptosis Protein ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Relevance. Endothelial pathology is an important factor in the development of obstetric complications. Endothelial dysfunction means a violation of vascular homeostasis and leads to critical changes in the microcirculatory system. These changes in early pregnancy disrupt the processes of trophoblast invasion, determining obstetric complications. Aim. To improve the diagnosis of fetoplacental system disorders by examining endothelial function in the first trimester of pregnancy. Materials and methods. 180 pregnant women in the first trimester were examined: 90 women who were diagnosed with a failed miscarriage and had an instrumental removal of the fetal egg, as well as 90 somatically healthy pregnant women who had an instrumental abortion at will. Endothelial status was diagnosed in the groups: concentrations of C-reactive protein, von Willebrand factor and apoptosis protein p53 in serum, albumin in urine were determined, and desquamated endothelial cells were counted in peripheral blood. After instrumental removal of the fetal egg in all pregnant women studied, morphometry of fetal chorion vessels was performed: the average wall thickness of the primary vessel, the average diameter of the vessel lumen, the average area of the vessel lumen, and the Kernohan index were determined. The obtained results were subjected to statistical analysis. Conclusions. The study of endothelial function in the first trimester of pregnancy can be used as a test for detecting vascular disorders in pregnant women, being an important criterion for early diagnosis of obstetric complications.

Endothelial dysfunction, a major event in atherosclerosis: PPIs impair endothelial function through activation of PAI-1

2015 ◽  
Vol 241 (1) ◽  
pp. e5
Author(s):  
G. Yepuri ◽  
R. Sukhovershin ◽  
T.Z. Nazari-shafti ◽  
Y.T. Ghebremariam ◽  
J.P. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Major Event ◽  
Pai 1

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF PREGNANCY COURSE IN WOMEN WITH CONCOMITANT OBESITY WHO TAKE THERAPEUTIC AND PROPHYLACTIC COMPLEX AIMED TO PREVENT PREECLAMPSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
M. M. Zelinka-Khobzey
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age

The rapid growth in the incidence of overweight and obesity among women of childbearing age is posing specific issues related to their pregnancy, thereupon choosing adequate and effective tactics for the prevention of preeclampsia in women with concomitant obesity who are at high risk group for this complication is of undoubted relevance. The aim of this study is to assess the occurrence and characteristic of obstetric and prenatal complications in women with concomitant obesity, who receive therapeutic and prophylactic complex designed to prevent the development of preeclampsia. We studied the course of pregnancy of 255 women, who were divided into 3 groups according to the class of obesity, and then, in turn, were subdivided into subgroups taking into account the presence of preeclampsia and the therapeutic and prophylactic complex course. The high efficiency of the therapeutic and prophylactic complex including L-arginine and diosmin for obese women enables to reduce the manifestations of endothelial dysfunction, the occurrence of preeclampsia and its severe forms; to lower down the occurrence of other complications during the pregnancy (risks of premature birth, placental insufficiency, distress and foetal growth retardation); to avoid perinatal mortality and improve the condition of the foetus. Applying this pathogenetically grounded therapeutic and prophylactic complex we elaborated (acetylsalicylic acid, L-arginine, calcium supplements and semisynthetic diosmin) to prevent the occurrence of preeclampsia in pregnant women with concomitant obesity, who are at high-risk group, promotes the reduction of occurrence and intensity of obstetric and prenatal complications resulted from endothelial dysfunction. We can suggest the therapeutic and prophylactic complex for pregnant women with concomitant obesity as effective therapy because no cases of severe and early preeclampsia have been registered.

scholarly journals Impaired Fibrinolytic and Blunted Nitric Oxide Response to Phlebotomy in Cigarette Smoking Healthy Blood Donors

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 674-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Buyukhatipoglu ◽  
O Tiryaki ◽  
C Usalan
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽  
Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Pai 1

This study was designed to investigate the effects of smoking on endothelial function in 88 healthy blood donors: 48 smokers and 40 non-smokers. Two markers of endothelial dysfunction, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and nitric oxide (NO) levels, were measured at baseline and after phlebotomy. It has been proposed that phlebotomy acutely activates the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, thereby activating endothelial activity and increasing PAI-1 and NO expression. At baseline there were no significant differences between smokers and non-smokers in terms of PAI-1 expression and NO levels. After phlebotomy, both PAI-1 and NO levels were significantly increased in both groups. The increase in PAI-1 was more pronounced in smokers and the increase in NO was more pronounced in non-smokers. These findings suggest that smoking causes endothelial dysfunction, even in healthy smokers, which may remain silent until a clinically evident disorder develops.

Coronary Artery Disease and Endothelial Dysfunction: Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1052-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Oikonomou ◽  
Gerasimos Siasos ◽  
Vasiliki Tsigkou ◽  
Evanthia Bletsa ◽  
Maria-Evi Panoilia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Stable Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Cardiovascular Prognosis ◽  
Ultrasound Evaluation ◽  
Artery Disease

Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The most common pathophysiologic substrate is atherosclerosis which is an inflammatory procedure that starts at childhood and develops throughout life. Endothelial dysfunction is associated with the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis and is characterized by the impaired production of nitric oxide. In general, endothelial dysfunction is linked to poor cardiovascular prognosis and different methods, both invasive and non-invasive, have been developed for its evaluation. Ultrasound evaluation of flow mediated dilatation of the branchial artery is the most commonly used method to assessed endothelial function while intracoronary administration of vasoactive agents may be also be used to test directly endothelial properties of the coronary vasculature. Endothelial dysfunction has also been the subject of therapeutic interventions. This review article summarizes the knowledge about evaluation of endothelial function in acute coronary syndromes and stable coronary artery disease and demonstrates the current therapeutic approaches against endothelial dysfunction.

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