Assessment of actual nutrition in the first trimester of pregnancy as a premorbid indicator

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-76
Author(s):  
Gulnara K. Sadykova ◽  
Anna A. Olina ◽  
Mikhail M. Padrul
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Calcium Deficiency ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Weighing Method ◽  
Personalized Approach ◽  
The Individual

AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the actual nutrition of pregnant women in the first trimester as the basis for a personalized approach to pregnancy management. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The actual nutrition during pregnancy was studied by analyzing the frequency of food consumption using the food weighing method, and the average daily indicators were calculated based on data for a period of one week. In total, 417 women were surveyed. The diet was characterized to identify deficiencies of the vitamins and minerals most significant for the reproductive system using the Individual Diet (My Body 3.0 version) software. Descriptive statistics methods were used to quantify the results. In the course of the work carried out, descriptive statistics methods were used. RESULTS: The energy value of the daily diet of pregnant women averaged 2294.3 487.21 kcal, which is within normal values (2070.03507.5 kcal / day), a surplus being observed in almost a third of the respondents (n = 118, 28.3%). The analysis of the diet showed that most of the patients had a deficiency in vitamins, macro- and microelements most significant for the reproductive system. On average, pregnant women consumed 155.0 0.52 g / day of folic acid with food, no woman receiving enough folic acid to prevent congenital malformations of the fetus. The average dietary intake of iodine was 70 g / day. Thus, focusing on the recommendations for pregnant women, a diet deficient in iodine was observed in 90% of the respondents, and only five women (1.2%) consumed a sufficient amount of iodine-containing products. It was found that pregnant women consumed 5.9 2.10 mg / day of zinc, with the recommended intake level of more than 12.5 mg / day not recorded in any woman. Iron deficiency was found in 289 respondents (69%). According to the survey results, more than half of the respondents (n = 269, 64.5%) had insufficient selenium intake. Calcium deficiency was registered in half of pregnant women (n = 210, 50.0%). Only every tenth woman (n = 48, 10.0%) consumed a sufficient amount of calcium containing food. Poor magnesium consumption was rarer and was found in only one third of the respondents (n = 135, 32.0%). CONCLUSIONS: The data obtained indicate the need to study the individual level of actually consumed vitamins and nutrients, which may be the basis for personalized selection of drugs and efficient microelement dosing strategy.

scholarly journals Implementation fidelity of Iron and Folic Acid supplementation (IFAs) and associated challenges among pregnant women in Uasin Gishu County Kenya

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roselyter Monchari Riang'a ◽  
Anne Kisaka Nangulu ◽  
Jacqueline E.W. Broerse
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Implementation Fidelity ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
Nutritional Counselling ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Iron And Folic Acid

Abstract Introduction While Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation (IFAs) policy is offered free of charge in Kenya and has been implemented in Kenya and other low and middle-income-countries for decades, effectiveness of this intervention in improving maternal nutrition status has been inadequate. This study aims to acquire insight into the degree to which IFAs policy guidelines during pregnancy have been implemented as intended and the challenges to implementation fidelity. Methods Data was collected in rural Uasin Gishu County in the western part of Kenya through document analysis, questionnaires among programme recipients (n=188) and semi-structured interviews with programme implementers (n=6). Themes emerging from data are critically discussed using a conceptual framework based on programme theory and the programme implementation fidelity framework. Results Coverage of IFAs is widespread. However, policy content, frequency and participant responsiveness is not fully implemented. Only 10% accessed intervention within the first trimester as recommended by policy guidelines, only 18% and 15% of the respondents received 90 or more iron and folic acid pills respectively during their entire pregnancy period only 28% reported receiving nutritional counselling, and 66% completed taking the IFAs pills that were issued to them. Late initial bookings to antenatal care, drug stock shortage, staff shortage and long queues, confusing dosage instructions, side effects of the pills were established to be the main challenges to effective implementation fidelity. Anticipated health consequences and emphasis by the health officer to take the pills were established to be motivations for adherence to supplements. Conclusions Rather than targeting pregnant women who turn up for care at the health facilities, IFAs interventions should introduce community-based outreach programmes and make use of community-based health workers. This will not only relief the crowded health facilities for effective implementation integrity, but will also reach out to pregnant women within the first trimester when IFAs impact on health is greater and reach out to those women do not turn up at all for interventions at a health facility. Due to shortage and low compliance to IFAs pills, nutritional counselling is vital to promote consumption of locally available micro-nutrient rich food sources.

scholarly journals Individualized Precision Targeting of Dorsal Attention and Default Mode Networks with Rtms in Traumatic Brain Injury-Associated Depression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan H. Siddiqi ◽  
Sridhar Kandala ◽  
Carl D. Hacker ◽  
Nicholas T. Trapp ◽  
Eric C. Leuthardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Antidepressant Efficacy ◽  
Personalized Approach ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background At the group level, antidepressant efficacy of rTMS targets is inversely related to their normative connectivity with subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC). Individualized connectivity may yield better targets, particularly in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders who may have aberrant connectivity. However, sgACC connectivity shows poor test-retest reliability at the individual level. Individualized resting-state network mapping (RSNM) can reliably map inter-individual variability in brain network organization. Objective To identify individualized RSNM-based rTMS targets that reliably target the sgACC connectivity profile. Methods We used RSNM to identify network-based rTMS targets in 10 healthy controls and 13 individuals with traumatic brain injury-associated depression (TBI-D). These “RSNM targets” were compared with consensus structural targets and targets based on individualized anti-correlation with a group-mean-derived sgACC region (“anti-group-mean sgACC targets”). The TBI-D cohort was randomized to receive active (n=9) or sham (n=4) rTMS to RSNM targets. Results The group-mean sgACC connectivity profile was reliably estimated by individualized correlation with default mode network (DMN) and anti-correlation with dorsal attention network (DAN). Individualized RSNM targets were then identified based on DAN anti-correlation and DMN correlation. Counterintuitively, anti-correlation with the group-mean sgACC connectivity profile was stronger and more reliable for RSNM-derived targets than for “anti-group-mean sgACC targets”. Improvement in depression after RSNM-targeted rTMS was predicted by target anti-correlation with the portions of sgACC. Active treatment led to increased connectivity within and between several relevant regions. Conclusions RSNM may enable reliable individualized rTMS targeting, although further research is needed to determine whether this personalized approach can improve clinical outcomes.

Low compliance with recommendations on folic acid use in relation to pregnancy: is there a need for fortification?

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 843-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vibeke K Knudsen ◽  
Ivanka Orozova-Bekkevold ◽  
Lone B Rasmussen ◽  
Tina B Mikkelsen ◽  
Kim F Michaelsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Information Campaign ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancies ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Periconceptional Period ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

AbstractObjective:As a means to prevent neural tube defects (NTDs), women planning pregnancy in Denmark are recommended to take a dietary supplement of 400 μg folic acid daily during the periconceptional period. We examined compliance with this recommendation in a national survey.Design:Cohort study on pregnant women in Denmark.Setting:The Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC).Subjects:From November 2000 to February 2002, 22 000 pregnant women were recruited for DNBC. Use of dietary supplements was recorded at enrolment. Compliance with the recommendation was related to an information campaign that took place during the second half of 2001, and to lifestyle factors provided in a telephone interview by the end of the first trimester of pregnancy.Results:An increase was seen in the proportion of women complying with the recommendation in the study period and this coincided with the information campaign events. However, even at the end of the period, only 22.3% of the women who had planned their pregnancy fully complied with the recommendation. No increase at all was seen in periconceptional folic acid use among women with unplanned pregnancies. Young age, low education and smoking were identified as factors that determined non-compliance.Conclusions:Alternative and more effective strategies are needed if the Danish population is to benefit fully from the knowledge that folic acid prevents NTDs. Future strategies should not only target vulnerable groups, such as the less educated and the young, but also women who get pregnant without planning this. The only possible way to reach the last group may be through fortification of foods with folic acid.

scholarly journals Evaluation of iodine nutritional status during pregnancy by estimated 24-hour urinary iodine excretion: population variation range and individual accuracy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Ye Bu ◽  
Yan Cai ◽  
Chunlei Ji ◽  
Chunyan Zhao ◽  
Chunyuan Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Urinary Iodine Excretion ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Excessive Iodine ◽  
Iodine Excretion ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Objective: To explore the accuracy of estimated 24-hour urinary iodine excretion(24hUIEest) in assessing iodine nutritional status. Design: Fasting venous blood, 24-hour and spot urine samples were collected during the day. The urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and urinary creatinine concentration (UCrC) were measured, and the urinary iodine-to-creatinine ratio (UI/Cr), 24hUIEest, and 24-hour urinary iodine excretion(24hUIE) were calculated. At the population level, correlation and consistency between UIC, UI/Cr, 24hUIEest and 24hUIE were assessed using correlation analysis and Bland-Altman plots. At the individual level, ROC curves were used to analyse the accuracy of the above indicators for evaluating insufficient and excessive iodine intake. The reference interval of 24hUIEest was established based on percentile values. Setting: Indicator can accurately evaluate individual iodine nutrition during pregnancy remains controversial. Participants: Pregnant women (n=788). Results: Using 24hUIE as standard, the correlation coefficients of 24hUIEest from different periods of the day ranged from 0.409 to 0.531, and the relative average differences ranged from 4.4% to 10.9%. For diagnosis of insufficient iodine intake, the area under the ROC curve of 24hUIEest was 0.754, sensitivity and specificity were 79.6% and 65.4%, respectively. For diagnosis of excessive iodine intake, the area of 24hUIEest was 0.771, sensitivity and specificity were 66.7% and 82.0%, respectively. The reference interval of 24hUIEest was 58.43-597.65μg. Conclusions: 24hUIEest can better indicate iodine nutritional status at a relatively large sample size in a given population of pregnant women. It can be used for early screening at the individual level to obtain more lead time for pregnant women.

scholarly journals An investigation of vitamin and mineral supplement recommendation among first-trimester pregnancies

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 958-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buse Güler ◽  
Dilek Bilgiç ◽  
Hülya Okumuş ◽  
Hande Yağcan ◽  
Murat Alan
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Nutrient Supplements

Abstract Background Healthy and balanced nutrition in pregnancy can affect the mother’s and the fetus’ health. Therefore, health professionals should provide information about this issue to pregnant women. The aim of the study was to examine the rate of vitamin and mineral supplement recommendation among first-trimester pregnant women. Methods The study sample consisted of 697 first-trimester pregnant women between 18 and 40 years of age. The pregnant women who registered to an obstetric outpatient clinic between January and June 2018 were retrospectively reviewed, and data were collected from patient medical records using a questionnaire. Results Physician’s laboratory test orders from the women included the following: ferritin was 18.4%, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) was 99.7%, folic acid was 10.2%, vitamin D was 6.3%, vitamin B12 was 17.2% and calcium was 20.4%. All of the women’s hemoglobin levels had been examined. A total of 58.8% of the women were recommended to take folic acid, 32.7% iron, 25.7% iodine, 18.8% calcium, 17.2% vitamin A, 21.1% vitamin B12, 17.4% vitamin C, 31.6% vitamin D and 17.5% vitamin E supplements. Conclusion It was determined that ferritin, vitamins B12 and D, calcium, folic acid, iron and iodine levels were not examined routinely in this study. Folic acid and iron supplementation were the most commonly suggested nutrient supplements in the first trimester.

scholarly journals Survei Asupan Asam Folat dan Seng pada Ibu Hamil di Jawa Barat

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Sri Rahayu ◽  
Lani Gumilang ◽  
Sri Astuti ◽  
Sefita Aryuti Nirmala ◽  
R. Tina Dewi Judistiani
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Folic Acid Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Considerable Impact

Background: The lack of folic acid and zinc intake has considerable impact on both mother and fetus, and based on this research, the intake of folic acid and zinc among pregnant women in West Java is still quite low.Objective: The purpose of this research was to know the intake and average of folic acid and zinc among pregnant women in West Java.Methods: The method of this research was descriptive using cross sectional research design, and the sample was selected by using total sampling method from research of Academic Leadership Grant (ALG) on all first trimester pregnant women as many as 176 respondents who lived in the city of Sukabumi, Cirebon, Bandung and Cimahi recruited in the period of July 2016 - February 2017. Data source was the secondary data from food diary. The analysis used univariate data.Results: Most of the respondents with the folic acid intake not fulfilled were 97,2% and most of them with the zinc intake not fulfilled were 96%, with the average of folic acid intake 163 μg/day and the average of zinc intake 5,1 mg/day.Conclusion: Most of the respondents are categorized in the not fulfilled folic acid and zinc intake with the average under the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for pregnant women.

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE OF WOMEN

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (07) ◽  
pp. 828-834
Author(s):  
Anum Fatima ◽  
Nadia Saif ◽  
Mansoor Ghani ◽  
Sardar Ali
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Objectives: Around 50 to 70% of the neural tube defects can be prevented if awoman consumes sufficient folic acid daily before conception and throughout first trimester ofher pregnancy. Therefore, the women should be well aware about the apt supplementation offolic acid to mitigate those miseries that can be resulted from its deficiency. Study Design: Adescriptive survey design. Setting: Obstetrical OPDs of Lahore General Hospital, Lady AitchisonHospital, Jinnah Hospital Lahore, DHQ Hospital Multan, DHQ Hospital Faisalabad, and DHQHospital Rawalpindi. Methodology: A total of 300 pregnant women were studied to assess thelevel of knowledge and practices among women regarding use of folic acid before and duringpregnancy. Non probability convenient sampling technique was used for the purpose. Data wascollected by a self administered questionnaire and was analysed by SPSS version 20. A p-valueof ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The results signified that a majorfraction of pregnant women 227 (76%) were having poor level of knowledge as they scoredless than 50% on knowledge based questions in the questionnaire. Only 4% were distinguishedwith excellent knowledge according to arbitrary scale, which were made-up to be a very lowpercentage. Conclusion: Findings of the study suggested that the knowledge of the womenregarding folic acid supplementation is insufficient that may in response lead to increase risk forthe incidences of neural tube defect.

scholarly journals Individualized precision targeting of dorsal attention and default mode networks with rTMS in traumatic brain injury-associated depression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan H. Siddiqi ◽  
Sridhar Kandala ◽  
Carl D. Hacker ◽  
Nicholas T. Trapp ◽  
Eric C. Leuthardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Antidepressant Efficacy ◽  
Personalized Approach ◽  
The Individual

AbstractBackgroundAt the group level, antidepressant efficacy of rTMS targets is inversely related to their normative connectivity with subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC). Individualized connectivity may yield better targets, particularly in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders who may have aberrant connectivity. However, sgACC connectivity shows poor test-retest reliability at the individual level. Individualized resting-state network mapping (RSNM) can reliably map inter-individual variability in brain network organization.ObjectiveTo identify individualized RSNM-based rTMS targets that reliably target the sgACC connectivity profile.MethodsWe used RSNM to identify network-based rTMS targets in 10 healthy controls and 13 individuals with traumatic brain injury-associated depression (TBI-D). These “RSNM targets” were compared with consensus structural targets and targets based on individualized anti-correlation with a group-mean-derived sgACC region (“anti-group-mean sgACC targets”). The TBI-D cohort was randomized to receive active (n=9) or sham (n=4) rTMS to RSNM targets.ResultsThe group-mean sgACC connectivity profile was reliably estimated by individualized correlation with default mode network (DMN) and anti-correlation with dorsal attention network (DAN). Individualized RSNM targets were then identified based on DAN anti-correlation and DMN correlation. Counterintuitively, anti-correlation with the group-mean sgACC connectivity profile was stronger and more reliable for RSNM-derived targets than for “anti-group-mean sgACC targets”. Improvement in depression after RSNM-targeted rTMS was predicted by target anti-correlation with the portions of sgACC. Active treatment led to increased connectivity within and between several relevant regions.ConclusionsRSNM may enable reliable individualized rTMS targeting, although further research is needed to determine whether this personalized approach can improve clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals Assessment of Occupational Health Hazards Among four Different Areas: A Case study of Upstream Workers in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Longinos SN
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Health Hazards ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Coefficient Of Concordance ◽  
The Individual

The growing oil and gas industry is projected to prominently impact the lives and economies of modern communities around the world. Safety at work must be an implementation rather than a goal directed conduct. Accidents that arise from occupational health hazards have human, economic and social costs. This must not be a concern at only the individual level but also at the national and international level. This questionnaire examined the awareness of health hazards, the cognition of occupational casualties and disorders and actions taken to protect and/or audit dangers connected to these perils. Data from the questionnaire was analyzed by using descriptive statistics. In order to measure the agreement amongst responses for each question, Kendall’s Coefficient of Concordance (W) was used. To estimate different health hazards and risks that normally occur in upstream activities, responses from participants of the questionnaire were used.

Comparison between Data Obtained through Questionnaires and Interviews: Life-Style Habits of Pregnant Women

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørn Olsen ◽  
Grethe Frische
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Short Interval ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Drinking Habits ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
Data Collections

A random sample of pregnant women in the cities of Odense and Aalborg, Denmark, was taken as a part of a quasi-experimental study. The time period of the study was from October 1984 to March 1985. Out of 175 randomly selected pregnant women, 146 filled out the questionnaire in the 36th week of their pregnancy. The questionnaire was concerned with eating, smoking, and drinking habits before and during their pregnancy. These 146 pregnant women participated in an interview 3 weeks later where some of the same questions on the questionnaire were asked by the interviewer. In spite of the rather short interval between the two data collections, there were some differences in the answers given at the individual level. This is especially true for eating habits and estimated average drinking habits during pregnancy. No tendency was observed for a more frequent recalling of “less socially acceptable norms” in the questionnaire method of obtaining information. Lack of knowledge of the “true” classification is probably the main reason for the lack of stability in the answers given. This leads to some unavoidable misclassification in studies on self-reporting life style habits among pregnant women.

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