scholarly journals PROSPECTS OF THE USE "STIMFORTE" IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS B

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
L. V Pogorelskaya ◽  
I. N Khlopova ◽  
S. S Grigoryan ◽  
I. P Tryakina ◽  
N. A Rick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Hbsag ◽  
Viral Hepatitis B

Despite the fact that over the last few years downward trend in the incidence of acute forms of viral hepatitis B continues, the incidence of chronic hepatitis B (CHV) has increased by 2.5 times since 1998. To date, there are a sufficient number of antiviral drugs, but their use is associated with a set of contraindications, as well as the development of resistance. In this study there was performed an evaluation of a new national drug " Stimforte " in patients with chronic viral hepatitis B (CVHB - DNA positive, HBsAg - positive) at the stage of exacerbation. In the study there were included 28 patients with chronic hepatitis B (HBsAg positive), at different grades of activity, at a stage of viral replication. The diagnosis of chronic hepatitis B was made on the presence in a history acute viral hepatitis for more than 1 year, complaints, hepatolienal, astenovegetative, cytolytic syndromes, the presence of DNA-HBV, anti-HBcore IgM, HBsAg. After 1 course of treatment with " Stimforte " the well-being of patients has improved: in 30% of patients asthenic- vegetative syndrome had disappeared, weakness, fatigue and dyspeptic symptoms were decreased. The use of "Stimforte" in chronic hepatitis B with positive HBsAg at the stage of exacerbation contributed to a more rapid normalization of such indices as ALT, AST, compared with those in the control group. Long-term biochemical and virological remission was achieved in 40 %. It is established that during the treatment the viral load was reduced progressively until the undetectable or low level of HBV DNA and anti-HBc IgM disappeared. In only one case an allergic reaction was observed, which has not hindered to perform a complete course of treatment. No other side effects were detected. The inclusion of the drug "Stimforte" in the complex therapy of patients with exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B reduces the time of recovery of immune status and functional activity of IFN system and contributes to reduction of the viral load or elimination of the virus.

scholarly journals Efficacy of a self-management program in patients with chronic viral hepatitis in China

BMC Nursing ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying’ai Cui ◽  
Michiko Moriyama ◽  
Kazuaki Chayama ◽  
Yanhui Liu ◽  
Chunmei Ya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Control Group

Abstract Background Chronic hepatitis, mainly B or C, increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and remains an emerging issue in the globe. China has high rates of liver cancer incidence and mortality in the world. To address such challenges, adequate management of chronic hepatitis is required. Self-management education is one alternative for improving the hepatitis patients’ knowledge of the disease, mental health, and clinical management. This study aimed to examine the quality of life (QOL), psychological effects, and behavioral changes of a self-management program which allows continuity of care for chronic hepatitis B and C patients. Method In a six-month, randomized controlled trial, we invited 73 chronic hepatitis B/C inpatients to receive (i) two face-to-face education sessions provided by a nurse during hospitalization, and monthly telephone counseling at home after discharge; (ii) or usual care treatment (control group). The primary endpoint (patients’ QOL) and secondary outcomes (including self-efficacy, depression symptoms, perceived cognition of illness and behavioral changes) were assessed. In addition, we conducted qualitative data analysis to facilitate the evaluation of the interventions. Results Sixty (82.2%) out of 73 eligible patients with chronic hepatitis B/C (aged 34.9 ± 8.9 years) participated in the study. The intervention group (n = 30) significantly improved on outcomes including QOL, self-efficacy, perceived cognition of illness, and behavioral changes, whereas the control group significantly decreased their healthy behaviors. In terms of behavioral changes, alcohol avoidance, dietary adherence, and stress management also improved in the intervention group. However, there were no significant improvements in symptoms of depression. Most participants (80%) in the intervention group stated that they benefited from the program. Conclusions This program contributed to patients’ acquisition of self-management skills to cope with their illnesses, and significantly improved their QOL. This program serves as a reminder for nurses who care for patients with chronic viral hepatitis to acquire these skills as it would help them address the daily needs of their patients. Trial registration UMIN000025378. Registered December 23, 2016.

scholarly journals THE INCIDENCE OF CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS B AND C IN CHILDREN OF NIZHNY NOVGOROD REGION IN 2000-2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Elena A. Galova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Epidemic Process ◽  
Viral Hepatitis B ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
Nizhny Novgorod Region

The article presents the results of analysis of reported incidence of chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis С in children of Nizhny Novgorod region in 2000-2015. Description of epidemiology of chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis С in children in different age groups is provided. Distinction of the incidence of chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis С in children indicate about different mechanisms of the epidemic process of disease and determine the need to develop age-appropriate approach to their prevention.

scholarly journals Trends for incidence of chronic hepatitis B monoinfection and chronic hepatitis B+D co-infection in the Kyrgyz Republic for the period of 2010-2012

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 921-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
K A Nogoybaeva ◽  
S T Tobokalova ◽  
K T Kasymbekova ◽  
G M Zairova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
Viral Hepatitis B ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Aim. To assess the trends for the epidemiological situation of chronic hepatitis B monoinfection and chronic hepatitis B+D co-infection in the Kyrgyz Republic for the period of 2010-2012 for the development of anti-epidemic measures depending on the intensity of the process. Methods. The analysis of a database of national reporting forms on the treated cases of chronic viral hepatitis B monoinfection and chronic hepatitis B+D co-infection in primary health care units, cumulated by Republican Medical Information Center of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Kyrgyz Republic for the period of 2010-2012 was performed. Results. The incidence of chronic viral hepatitis D is identical to that of chronic viral hepatitis B (23 and 21 per 100 000 of population respectively) in the Kyrgyz Republic. Over the period of 2010-2012 the high level of total chronic hepatitis B incidence was reported in the northern part of the country (the Issyk-Kul region, 71 per 100 000, and chronic hepatitis D - in the southern part of the country (Osh, 62 per 100 000 of population). Statistically significant increase in the incidence of chronic hepatitis B in almost all regions of the country was recorded whereas only an upward trend was revealed in chronic hepatitis D incidence. Conclusion. Separate registration of patients with chronic viral hepatitis B and D in the Kyrgyz Republic starting from 2010 allowed evaluating the trends for the epidemiological situation of these diseases in different areas and developing preventive and anti-epidemic measures in regions of Kyrgyz Republic.

scholarly journals Combined effects of tenofovir and interferon α1b on viral load and levels of peripheral regulatory T cells in chronic hepatitis B subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 863-868
Author(s):  
Wanfeng Wu ◽  
Chengting Jiang ◽  
Cheng Cheng ◽  
Yihang Sun ◽  
Ning Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Control Subjects

Purpose: To study the combined effects of tenofovir and interferon α1b on viral load and peripheral blood regulatory T cell concentrations of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) subjects. Methods: Patients with chronic hepatitis B (86 cases) were randomly assigned to two groups: control group and study group. In control subjects, tenofovir was given orally (300 mg/kg bwt/day). In addition to tenofovir, the study group received interferon α1b injection intramuscularly at a dose of 50 μg/kg thrice a week. Liver function, serum hepatitis B viral (HBV) load, and serum levels of peripheral blood regulatory T-lymphocytes were determined. Clinical effectiveness and adverse reactions in both groups were also assessed. Results: After treatment, total effectiveness was higher in the study group (86.04 %) than in control patients (62.79 %) (p < 0.05). Serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total bilirubin (TBIL) significantly decreased in the study group, relative to control, but HBV DNAnegative, HbeAg-negative and HbsAg-negative cells were markedly higher in patients in the study group (p < 0.05). Moreover, there were higher CD4+ T and CD8+ T counts, and CD4+ T/CD8+ T ratio in study subjects than in control subjects (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of tenofovir with interferon α1b effectively improves liver functions in patients with CHB, reduces viral load, and exerts anti-HBV effect by regulating the levels of peripheral blood T-lymphocytes.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic Analysis of Chronic Hepatitis B and C and Liver Cancer Reveals MicroRNA-Mediated Control of Cholesterol Synthesis Programs

mBio ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara R. Selitsky ◽  
Timothy A. Dinh ◽  
Cynthia L. Toth ◽  
C. Lisa Kurtz ◽  
Masao Honda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Cholesterol Synthesis ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Cholesterol Homeostasis ◽  
Disease States

ABSTRACT Chronic hepatitis B (CHB), chronic hepatitis C (CHC), and associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are characterized by cholesterol imbalance and dyslipidemia; however, the key regulatory drivers of these phenotypes are incompletely understood. Using gene expression microarrays and high-throughput sequencing of small RNAs, we performed integrative analysis of microRNA (miRNA) and gene expression in nonmalignant and matched cancer tissue samples from human subjects with CHB or CHC and HCC. We also carried out follow-up functional studies of specific miRNAs in a cell-based system. These studies led to four major findings. First, pathways affecting cholesterol homeostasis were among the most significantly overrepresented among genes dysregulated in chronic viral hepatitis and especially in tumor tissue. Second, for each disease state, specific miRNA signatures that included miRNAs not previously associated with chronic viral hepatitis, such as miR-1307 in CHC, were identified. Notably, a few miRNAs, including miR-27 and miR-224, were components of the miRNA signatures of all four disease states: CHB, CHC, CHB-associated HCC, and CHC-associated HCC. Third, using a statistical simulation method (miRHub) applied to the gene expression data, we identified candidate master miRNA regulators of pathways controlling cholesterol homeostasis in chronic viral hepatitis and HCC, including miR-21, miR-27, and miR-33. Last, we validated in human hepatoma cells that both miR-21 and miR-27 significantly repress cholesterol synthesis and that miR-27 does so in part through regulation of the gene that codes for the rate-limiting enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (HMGCR). IMPORTANCE Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are phylogenetically unrelated hepatotropic viruses that persistently infect hundreds of millions of people world-wide, often leading to chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Chronic hepatitis B (CHB), chronic hepatitis C (CHC), and associated HCC often lead to cholesterol imbalance and dyslipidemia. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying the dysregulation of lipid pathways in these disease states are incompletely understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical modulators of lipid homeostasis. Here we use a blend of genomic, molecular, and biochemical strategies to identify key miRNAs that drive the lipid phenotypes of chronic viral hepatitis and HCC. These findings provide a panoramic view of the miRNA landscape in chronic viral hepatitis, which could contribute to the development of novel and more-effective miRNA-based therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals LETHALITY OF TB PATIENTS, COMBINED WITH THE VIRAL HEPATITIS AND HIV INFECTION IN SAINT-PETERSBURG

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
A. K. Ivanov ◽  
V. V. Nechaev ◽  
L. N. Pozhidayeva ◽  
V. B. Musatov ◽  
V. S. Belyakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Viral Hepatitis B ◽  
High Level

Сombination of tuberculosis and viral hepatitis have been registered 2525 newly identified patients in Saint-Petersburg for the period 2006–2017. Some of these patients have been infected with HIV. Fatal outcome in 625 (24,7%) was noted. Patients with tuberculosis and chronic viral hepatitis have had a combination of viral hepatitis B and C in 36% of cases. Patients with combination tuberculosis and chronic hepatitis of unknown etiology experienced a more frequent death (60%) than patients with combination tuberculosis and other chronic viral hepatitis. In patients with concurrent tuberculosis, chronic viral hepatitis and HIV infection, patients infected viral hepatitis B and C were 31,6%. In 160 patients with fatal outcomes had a combination of infections (tuberculosis, viral hepatitis and HIV infection), the mortality rate of persons with hepatitis of unknown etiology was the lowest (42%), compared with a group of individuals affected by viral hepatitis B and C simultaneously (83%). Among patients with tuberculosis, chronic hepatitis and HIV infection, the highest incidence of tuberculosis of the intrathoracic lymph nodes and disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis was registered. Lethal outcomes most often occur in individuals with advanced tuberculosis, in whom the secretion of mycobacteria tuberculosis into the external environment has not been established. Given the high level of mortality in patients with simultaneous defeat of tuberculosis, viral hepatitis and HIV infection, it is necessary to establish their centralized registration in order to study the epidemiological patterns and clinical features of co-infections.

Current Issues of Epidemiological Surveillance of Chronic Viral Hepatitis B, C, D and Hepatocellular Carcinoma at the Regional Level

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
EV Khorkova ◽  
LV Lyalina ◽  
OM Mikailova ◽  
AYu Kovelenov ◽  
YuV Ostankova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
Viral Hepatitis B

Introduction. To achieve the goal of eliminating viral hepatitis by 2030, it is necessary to assess the real situation, improve epidemiological surveillance and prevention of these infections. Objectives: To evaluate the results of epidemiological surveillance of chronic viral hepatitis B, C, D and hepatocellular carcinoma in order to optimize the surveillance system at the regional level. Materials and methods: We analyzed the incidence of viral hepatitis B, C and liver cancer in the regions of the Northwestern and Central Federal Districts of the Russian Federation over the past 10 years. We also studied the prevalence of hepatitis B, C, D, and hepatitis C virus genotypes (6,020 cases), and examined 465 case histories of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the Leningrad Region using techniques of epidemiological analysis, ELISA, PCR, and statistical methods. Results: We established a tendency towards a decrease in the incidence of chronic hepatitis B and C in all study areas. In 2020, high rates of hepatitis B (26.2 and 9.1) and hepatitis C (49.2 and 39.2) were registered in St. Petersburg and Moscow per 100,000 population, respectively. The prevalence of hepatitis D in the Leningrad Region was 6.3 per 100,000 population. Hepatitis C virus genotypes 1 and 3 prevailed (48.9 % and 43.9 %, respectively). A high incidence of liver cancer was established in St. Petersburg, the Pskov and Novgorod Regions. Conclusions: Our findings prove the efficiency of the surveillance system and prevention of chronic hepatitis B and C. The main objectives are to further reduce the incidence rate, screen all patients with chronic hepatitis B for hepatitis D, and use the results of molecular genetic studies and cancer registries for epidemiological surveillance purposes.

Association between Hepatic Steatosis and Fibrosis in Chronic Viral Hepatitis B and C Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-401
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Liver Biopsy ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Fibrosis Stage ◽  
Viral Hepatitis B

Background: Chronic viral hepatitis B (CHB) and chronic viral hepatitis C (CHC) are important causes of chronic liver disease and cancer development in patients with progressive fibrosis, which are often associated with hepatic steatosis. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of hepatic steatosis in Thai CHB and CHC patients and its correlation with fibrosis stage. Materials and Methods: The authors examined the liver biopsy findings of CHB and CHC patients diagnosed at Srinagarind Hospital between 2016 and 2018. Routine Hematoxylin and Eosin staining with PAS, and Masson trichrome staining were used to evaluate fibrosis and steatosis histology according to the METAVIR and SAF scoring systems. The association were evaluated by chi-square, Fisher’s exact, and Spearman’s correlation tests with statistical significance defined as p-value less than 0.05. Results: One hundred thirty-eight cases were examined. The mean age of the patients was 45 years. Chronic hepatitis C was detected in 96 patients (69.6%), and CHB was detected in 42 patients (30.4%). Liver biopsies showed steatosis in 73 patients (52.9%; grade 1: 67.1%, grade 2: 19.2%, and grade 3: 13.7%). Steatosis was associated with viral hepatitis profile (OR 2.534, 95% CI 1.087 to 5.904, p=0.031); however, the METAVIR fibrosis stage associated with the age of the patient (OR 1.059, 95% CI 1.012 to 1.109, p=0.014) and METAVIR activity (OR 4.924, 95% CI 2.443 to 9.967, p<0.0001). Conclusion: Hepatic steatosis is commonly present in Thai CHC and CHB patients, and especially in the former. Steatosis was associated with viral hepatitis profile. Hepatic fibrosis is associated only with the age of the patient and METAVIR activity. Keywords: Chronic hepatitis B, Chronic hepatitis C, Steatosis, Fibrosis, METAVIR, SAF score, Liver biopsy

Assessment of awareness about the epidemiology, outcomes, and therapy of chronic hepatitis B and C in adolescents and adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (11) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
S V Baramzina
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Viral Hepatitis B ◽  
Adolescents And Adults

Aim. To estimate the level of knowledge in adults and adolescents about the issues related to viral hepatitis B and C: the transmission modes, course, and outcomes of acute and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and C (CHC), as well as about current measures for their prevention and treatment. Subjects and methods. A total of 850 dwellers of Kirov and the Kirov Region were anomalously surveyed using an original questionnaire in 2013- 2015. The questionnaire included 24 questions on the etiology, epidemiology, outcomes, prevention, and treatment of CHB and CHC and on the sources of information. Persons younger than 16 years, people who had medical specialties, and those who were studying at a higher or secondary medical institution were excluded from the study. Results. Low levels of knowledge about the epidemiology, course, and outcomes of CHB and CHC were found in the adolescents and adults. 76.4% and 73.9% of the respondents had no clear idea as to the modes and factors of transmission of hepatitis B and C, respectively. A lack of knowledge of the issues associated with poor CHB and CHC outcomes (cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma) was revealed in 84.8 and 76.2%, respectively. 81.8% of the respondents were well aware of the existence and necessity of vaccination against hepatitis B. 40.8% of the survey participants misbelieved that hepatitis C vaccine had been designed and used. Conclusion. A significant portion of the adult population is poorly aware of the problem of viral hepatitis B and C and needs to continue health education for the development and strengthening of a negative attitude towards narcotics and promiscuity; to combat false ideas about viral hepatitis; and enhance motivation for the specific and nonspecific prevention of hepatitis B and C.

Role of Both Protein C and Antithrombin III as Predictors of Stage of Liver Disease in Chronic Viral Hepatitis B or C Infected Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amany M. Abo-Elenein ◽  
Maaly M. Mabrouk ◽  
Sabry Abou-Saif ◽  
Ola M. Saeed ◽  
Samy Khodeir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Stages ◽  
Viral Hepatitis B

Background & Aims: Chronic liver disease is characterized by complex hemostatic disorders because the liver is the site where most of the coagulation factors and their inhibitors are synthesized. The aim of this study was the evaluation of protein C and antithrombin III in different stages of chronic hepatitis B and C and to determine their possible role as markers of liver cell damage in different clinical stages. Methods: The study included 60 subjects who were subdivided into 4 groups: (Group I): 15 patients diagnosed as chronic viral hepatitis B or C, (Group II): 15 patients with compensated liver cirrhosis, (Group III): 15 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis, and (Group IV) (control group): 15 healthy individuals. History taking, clinical examination and abdominal ultrasonography were made for all subjects. Investigations were done in the form of liver function tests (ALT, AST, ALP, serum bilirubin, and serum albumin), PT, PTT, CBC. Plasma levels of Antithrombin III & protein C were estimated by automated Stago compact coagulation analyzer. Results: In all patient groups, the mean value of Protein C showed significant decrease when compared to control group, mean value of antithrombin III showed a significant decrease in compensated and decompensated subjects when compared to chronic hepatitis and control groups. Antithrombin III and protein C showed a significant negative correlation with (ALT, AST, PT, PTT, INR). However, this correlation was positive with Albumin. Conclusion: Antithrombin III and protein C are natural anticoagulants and can be considered as markers of different stages of chronic liver disease. This is supported further by the comparison between the levels of these parameters and clinical stages of liver disease. Protein C is more sensitive than ATIII as a marker of hepatocellular damage.

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