scholarly journals Role Of WOX And KNOX Transcription Factors In Plant Development And Tumor Formation

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Maria A Osipova ◽  
Elena A Dolgikh ◽  
Ludmila A Lutova
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Plant Hormones ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Animal Tumor ◽  
The Common ◽  
Meristem Maintenance

Homeodomain-containing transcription factors are the important regulators of multicellular organism's development. Plant transcription factors WOX and KNOX play the key role in meristem maintenance, controlling cell proliferation and preventing differentiation. The precise mechanism of WOX and KNOX action hasn't been well studied, however these transcription factors were shown to play the important role in plant hormones homeostasis, cytokinins in particular. Plant transcription factors of KNOX group demonstrate the similarities in structure and are supposed have the common origin with animal transcription factors of MEIS group. This review describes WOX and KNOX transcription factor families, their interaction with plant hormones. The role of homeodomain-containing transcription factors in plant and animal tumor formation is discussed.

scholarly journals HbxB Is a Key Regulator for Stress Response and β-Glucan Biogenesis in Aspergillus nidulans

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Sung-Hun Son ◽  
Mi-Kyung Lee ◽  
Ye-Eun Son ◽  
Hee-Soo Park
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Deletion Mutant ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Spore Viability ◽  
Fungal Development ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Trehalose Biosynthesis

Homeobox transcription factors are conserved in eukaryotes and act as multi-functional transcription factors in filamentous fungi. Previously, it was demonstrated that HbxB governs fungal development and spore viability in Aspergillus nidulans. Here, the role of HbxB in A. nidulans was further characterized. RNA-sequencing revealed that HbxB affects the transcriptomic levels of genes associated with trehalose biosynthesis and response to thermal, oxidative, and radiation stresses in asexual spores called conidia. A phenotypic analysis found that hbxB deletion mutant conidia were more sensitive to ultraviolet stress. The loss of hbxB increased the mRNA expression of genes associated with β-glucan degradation and decreased the amount of β-glucan in conidia. In addition, hbxB deletion affected the expression of the sterigmatocystin gene cluster and the amount of sterigmatocystin. Overall, these results indicated that HbxB is a key transcription factor regulating trehalose biosynthesis, stress tolerance, β-glucan degradation, and sterigmatocystin production in A.nidulans conidia.

scholarly journals BRN2 is a non-canonical melanoma tumor-suppressor

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hamm ◽  
Pierre Sohier ◽  
Valérie Petit ◽  
Jérémy H. Raymond ◽  
Véronique Delmas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pi3k Signaling ◽  
Melanoma Tumor ◽  
Temporal Regulation ◽  
Metastatic Colonization ◽  
Pou Domain

AbstractWhile the major drivers of melanoma initiation, including activation of NRAS/BRAF and loss of PTEN or CDKN2A, have been identified, the role of key transcription factors that impose altered transcriptional states in response to deregulated signaling is not well understood. The POU domain transcription factor BRN2 is a key regulator of melanoma invasion, yet its role in melanoma initiation remains unknown. Here, in a BrafV600EPtenF/+ context, we show that BRN2 haplo-insufficiency promotes melanoma initiation and metastasis. However, metastatic colonization is less efficient in the absence of Brn2. Mechanistically, BRN2 directly induces PTEN expression and in consequence represses PI3K signaling. Moreover, MITF, a BRN2 target, represses PTEN transcription. Collectively, our results suggest that on a PTEN heterozygous background somatic deletion of one BRN2 allele and temporal regulation of the other allele elicits melanoma initiation and progression.

scholarly journals Aβ-Induced Repressor Element 1-Silencing Transcription Factor (REST) Gene Delivery Suppresses Activation of Microglia-Like BV-2 Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongya Yu ◽  
Hui Quan ◽  
Yuzhen Xu ◽  
Yunxiao Dou ◽  
Feihong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Type I ◽  
Hairpin Rna ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Repressor Element

Compelling evidence from basic molecular biology has demonstrated the crucial role of microglia in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Microglia were believed to play a dual role in both promoting and inhibiting Alzheimer’s disease progression. It is of great significance to regulate the function of microglia and make them develop in a favorable way. In the present study, we investigated the function of repressor element 1-silencing transcription factor (REST) in Aβ1-42-induced BV-2 cell dysfunction. We concluded that Aβ1-42 could promote type I activation of BV-2 cells and induce cell proliferation, migration, and proinflammation cytokine TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 expression. Meanwhile, REST was upregulated, and nuclear translocalization took place due to Aβ1-42 stimulation. When REST was knocked down by a specific short hairpin RNA (sh-RNA), BV-2 cell proliferation, migration, and proinflammation cytokine expression and secretion induced by Aβ1-42 were increased, demonstrating that REST may act as a repressor of microglia-like BV-2 cell activation.

scholarly journals How cancer cells remodel lipid metabolism: strategies targeting transcription factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Do-Won Jeong ◽  
Seulbee Lee ◽  
Yang-Sook Chun
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
Related Enzyme ◽  
Potential Strategy

AbstractReprogramming of lipid metabolism has received increasing recognition as a hallmark of cancer cells because lipid dysregulation and the alteration of related enzyme profiles are closely correlated with oncogenic signals and malignant phenotypes, such as metastasis and therapeutic resistance. In this review, we describe recent findings that support the importance of lipids, as well as the transcription factors involved in cancer lipid metabolism. With recent advances in transcription factor analysis, including computer-modeling techniques, transcription factors are emerging as central players in cancer biology. Considering the limited number and the crucial role of transcription factors associated with lipid rewiring in cancers, transcription factor targeting is a promising potential strategy for cancer therapy.

scholarly journals The Role of Cavin3 in the Progression of Lung Cancer and Its Mechanism

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Gaozhong Sun ◽  
Kewei Ni
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Promote Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cancer Tissues

Objective. The purpose of this study was to describe the role of Cavin3 in the progression of lung cancer and its underlying mechanism. Methods. Totally, 200 cases of lung cancer tissues and corresponding paracancer tissues were collected. Cavin3 expression in samples was determined by qRT-PCR, and the correlation with lung cancer stages as well as prognosis was statistically analyzed combined with matched clinical information. To investigate the mechanism of Cavin3 in lung cancer progression, firstly, Cavin3 was detected in lung cancer cell lines A549, PC9, and H520. Then, cells with stable Cavin3 overexpression and Cavin3 knockout were established to determine the effect of Cavin3 overexpression on the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. Subsequently, cells were harvested for cell proliferation, migration, and invasion assays in vitro, as well as nude mouse transplantation tumor experiment in vivo. Results. Cavin3 was seen to be highly expressed in cancer tissues. Statistical analysis with matched clinical data showed that Cavin3 as a prognostic indicator of lung cancer had important clinical value. In addition, it could be found that high expression of Cavin3 was able to promote cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and also potentiate tumor formation in vivo. Conclusion. Cavin3 was highly expressed in lung cancer, and it was capable to promote cell proliferation, invasion, and migration.

scholarly journals Is the Secret of VDAC Isoforms in Their Gene Regulation? Characterization of Human VDAC Genes Expression Profile, Promoter Activity, and Transcriptional Regulators

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 7388
Author(s):  
Federica Zinghirino ◽  
Xena Giada Pappalardo ◽  
Angela Messina ◽  
Francesca Guarino ◽  
Vito De Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Promoter Activity ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Transcriptional Regulators ◽  
General Role ◽  
Nuclear Respiratory Factor ◽  
Nuclear Respiratory Factor 1

VDACs (voltage-dependent anion-selective channels) are pore-forming proteins of the outer mitochondrial membrane, whose permeability is primarily due to VDACs’ presence. In higher eukaryotes, three isoforms are raised during the evolution: they have the same exon–intron organization, and the proteins show the same channel-forming activity. We provide a comprehensive analysis of the three human VDAC genes (VDAC1–3), their expression profiles, promoter activity, and potential transcriptional regulators. VDAC isoforms are broadly but also specifically expressed in various human tissues at different levels, with a predominance of VDAC1 and VDAC2 over VDAC3. However, an RNA-seq cap analysis gene expression (CAGE) approach revealed a higher level of transcription activation of VDAC3 gene. We experimentally confirmed this information by reporter assay of VDACs promoter activity. Transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) distribution in the promoters were investigated. The main regulators common to the three VDAC genes were identified as E2F-myc activator/cell cycle (E2FF), Nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1), Krueppel-like transcription factors (KLFS), E-box binding factors (EBOX) transcription factor family members. All of them are involved in cell cycle and growth, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and metabolism. More transcription factors specific for each VDAC gene isoform were identified, supporting the results in the literature, indicating a general role of VDAC1, as an actor of apoptosis for VDAC2, and the involvement in sex determination and development of VDAC3. For the first time, we propose a comparative analysis of human VDAC promoters to investigate their specific biological functions. Bioinformatics and experimental results confirm the essential role of the VDAC protein family in mitochondrial functionality. Moreover, insights about a specialized function and different regulation mechanisms arise for the three isoform gene.

scholarly journals AP1 Transcription Factors in Epidermal Differentiation and Skin Cancer

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Eckert ◽  
Gautam Adhikary ◽  
Christina A. Young ◽  
Ralph Jans ◽  
James F. Crish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Epidermal Differentiation ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Multiple Cells ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Factor Function

AP1 (jun/fos) transcription factors (c-jun, junB, junD, c-fos, FosB, Fra-1, and Fra-2) are key regulators of epidermal keratinocyte survival and differentiation and important drivers of cancer development. Understanding the role of these factors in epidermis is complicated by the fact that each protein is expressed, at different levels, in multiple cells layers in differentiating epidermis, and because AP1 transcription factors regulate competing processes (i.e., proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation). Variousin vivogenetic approaches have been used to study these proteins including targeted and conditional knockdown, overexpression, and expression of dominant-negative inactivating AP1 transcription factors in epidermis. Taken together, these studies suggest that individual AP1 transcription factors have different functions in the epidermis and in cancer development and that altering AP1 transcription factor function in the basal versus suprabasal layers differentially influences the epidermal differentiation response and disease and cancer development.

scholarly journals Deep evolutionary origin of gamete-directed zygote activation by KNOX/BELL transcription factors in green plants

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Hisanaga ◽  
Shota Fujimoto ◽  
Yihui Cui ◽  
Katsutoshi Sato ◽  
Ryosuke Sano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Land Plants ◽  
Marchantia Polymorpha ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
Meristem Maintenance

KNOX and BELL transcription factors regulate distinct steps of diploid development in plants. In the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, KNOX and BELL proteins are inherited by gametes of the opposite mating types and heterodimerize in zygotes to activate diploid development. By contrast, in land plants such as Physcomitrium patens and Arabidopsis thaliana, KNOX and BELL proteins function in meristem maintenance and organogenesis during the later stages of diploid development. However, whether the contrasting functions of KNOX and BELL were acquired independently in algae and land plants is currently unknown. Here, we show that in the basal land plant species Marchantia polymorpha, gamete-expressed KNOX and BELL are required to initiate zygotic development by promoting nuclear fusion in a manner strikingly similar to that in C. reinhardtii. Our results indicate that zygote activation is the ancestral role of KNOX/BELL transcription factors, which shifted toward meristem maintenance as land plants evolved.

scholarly journals Effect of lncRNA PVT1/miR186/KLF5 Axis on the Occurrence and Progression of Cholangiocarcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Qiang Sun ◽  
Xueyi Gong ◽  
Jianlong Wu ◽  
Zhipeng Hu ◽  
Qiao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Invasion Assay ◽  
Transwell Invasion Assay

This study primarily focused on the effect of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) PVT1/miR186/KLF5 axis on the occurrence and progression of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). miR186 was found both in the lncRNA PVT1 targeting miRNAs and KLF5 targeting miRNAs using bioinformatic analysis. The expression of lncRNA PVT1 and KLF5 in the TFK-1, QBC939, and HuCCT1 cell lines and normal biliary epithelial HIBEpiC cells was detected by RT-qPCR. The significance of lncRNA PVT1 and KLF5 on cell proliferation was analyzed using the MTT assay and clone formation assay in lncRNA PVT1 and KLF5 silencing HuCCT1 cell lines and lncRNA PVT1and KLF5 overexpressing TFK-1 and QBC939 cell lines, respectively. The potential role of lncRNA PVT1 and KLF5 in cell migration was detected using the transwell invasion assay in CCA cell lines and tumor formation assay. Additionally, lncRNA PVT1 and KLF5 were proved to be highly expressed in CCA tissues and cell lines. Silencing and overexpressing of lncRNA PVT1 or KLF5 markedly inhibited or increased the cell proliferation and cell invasion in CCA cell lines, respectively. Silencing and overexpressing of lncRNA PVT1 significantly inhibited and increased the expression of KLF5 in CCA cell lines, respectively. Silencing of lncRNA PVT1 increased the expression of miR186, and silencing of miR186 increased the expression of KLF5 in CCA cell lines. Cotransfection of lncRNA PVT1 and miR186 increased the expression of KLF5 compared with controls. Overall, these results demonstrated that the lncRNA PVT1/miR186/KLF5 axis might exert a key role in the occurrence and progression of CCA, and this axis might provide a new target for treating CCA.

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