scholarly journals Specificity of the symbiotic interaction of bacteria of the genus Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae with plants of the tribe Vicieae

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Sofya A. Khapchaeva ◽  
Svetlana V. Didovich ◽  
Alexey F. Topunov ◽  
Andrey L. Mulyukin ◽  
Vasiliy S. Zotov
Keyword(s):  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Rpob Gene ◽  
Symbiotic Interaction ◽  
Rhizobium Strains ◽  
Industrial Strains ◽  
Nodulation Competitiveness ◽  
Total Dna ◽  
Lathyrus Sativus L ◽  
Microbial Systems ◽  
Selection Of

The estimation of nodulation competitiveness of industrial strains against the native nodule bacteria and also the analyses of distribution of strain’s genotypes which formed nodules on roots of 4 plant species was the purpose of this work. The objects of the research were rhizobium strains which formed nodules on roots of plant (the nodule-forming units – NFU), obtained in field experiment with application of preseeding processing of seeds of pea (Pisum satіvum L.), fava beans (Vicia faba L.), lathyrus (Lathyrus sativus L.) and lentil (Lens culinaris L.). The mixture of the collection strains allocated from nodules of peas and beans, and having various combinations of chromosomal and symbiotic genotypes was used for inoculation of seeds. Identification of NFU was carried out with the use of the analysis of the emitted nodule total DNA on several chromosomal markers: the rpoB gene and the hin-region, and the plasmid marker – nodD gene. It is established that only about 50% of nodules were formed by the strains used at inoculation of seeds. Besides, the combinations of chromosomal and symbiotic genotypes specific for a rhizobium – symbionts of concrete host plants have been established: IA genotype with sym-2 for P. sativum; IB genotype with sym-4 for V. faba. The results of this study create prerequisites for selection of couples: macro- and microsymbiont for the purpose of increasing efficiency of plant-microbial systems, in which the nature of symbiotic interaction defines efficiency of partners.

scholarly journals THE NODULATION COMPETITIVENESS OF TN5-MUTANTS RHIZOBIUM LEGUMINOSARUM BV. VICIAE

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
O.D. Krugova ◽  
N.M. Mandrovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Nodule Number ◽  
Industrial Strains ◽  
Nodulation Competitiveness ◽  
Tn5 Mutants ◽  
Wild Strains ◽  
Competition Ability

There has been studied the nodulation competitiveness of Tn5 mutants of pea rhizobia which were obtained from Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae 263 б and which had high nitrogen fixing activity and promoted the increase of both nodule number and aboveground biomass in comparison with wild strains. It was shown that the competition ability of M1 and М68 mutants did not differ from the competitive ability of strains 263 б and Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae 245 a of industrial strains.

scholarly journals Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Symbiotic Efficiency of Selected Rhizobia Strains Nodulating Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Badreddine Sijilmassi ◽  
Abdelkarim Filali-Maltouf ◽  
Hassan Boulahyaoui ◽  
Aymane Kricha ◽  
Kenza Boubekri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Symbiotic Efficiency ◽  
Rhizobium Strains

A total of 14 Rhizobium strains were isolated from lentil accessions grown at the ICARDA experimental research station at Marchouch in Morocco and used for molecular characterization and symbiotic efficiency assessment. Individual phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rRNA gene, house-keeping genes rpoB, recA, and gyrB, and symbiotic genes nodD and nodA along with Multilocus Sequence Analysis (MLSA) of the concatenated genes (16S rRNA-rpoB-recA-gyrB) was carried out for the identification and clustering of the isolates. The symbiotic efficiency of the strains was assessed on three Moroccan lentil cultivars (Bakria, Chakkouf, and Zaria) based on the number of nodules, plant height, plant dry weight, and total nitrogen content in leaves. The results showed that the individual phylogenetic analysis clustered all the strains into Rhizobium laguerreae and Rhizobium leguminosarum with sequence similarity ranging from 94 to 100%, except one strain which clustered with Mesorhizobium huakuii with sequence similarity of 100%. The MLSA of the concatenated genes and the related percentages of similarity clustered these strains into two groups of Rhizobium species, with one strain as a new genospecies when applying the threshold of 96%. For symbiotic efficiency, the Bakria variety showed the best association with 10 strains compared to its non-inoculated control (p-value ≤ 0.05), followed by Chakkouf and Zaria. The present study concluded that the genetic diversity and the symbiotic efficiency of Rhizobium strains appeared to be mainly under the control of the lentil genotypes.

scholarly journals Easy and Efficient DNA Extraction from Woody Plants for the Detection of Phytoplasmas by Polymerase Chain Reaction

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 482-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret J. Green ◽  
Dan A. Thompson ◽  
Donald J. MacKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Efficient Procedure ◽  
Identical Manner ◽  
Total Dna ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Selection Of

A simple and efficient procedure for the extraction of high-quality DNA from phytoplasma-infected woody and herbaceous plants for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection is described. This procedure does not require phenol, chloroform, or alcohol for the precipitation of nucleic acids. Herbaceous and woody plant material are extracted in an identical manner with no additional purification or enrichment steps required. The method utilizes commercially available microspin-column matrices, and the extraction of total DNA can be achieved in less than 1 h. The method has been used to successfully purify phytoplasma DNA from whole leaves, leaf petioles and midribs, roots, and dormant wood from a diverse selection of plant material. The phytoplasmas detected by PCR include pear decline, western X-disease, peach yellow leaf roll, peach rosette, apple proliferation, Australian grapevine yellows, and Vaccinium witches'-broom.

scholarly journals Amplification Refractory Mutation System – Polymerase Chain Reaction for Rapid Detection of rpoB Gene Mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemanta Kumari Chaudhary ◽  
Mitesh Shrestha ◽  
Prakash Chaudhary ◽  
Bal Hari Poudel
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Rpob Gene ◽  
Amplification Refractory Mutation System ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Arms Pcr ◽  
Mutation System ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Total Dna ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Rifampin Resistance

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has become a serious worldwide threat including in Nepal. MDR-TB refers to the pathological condition whereby Mycobacterium tuberculosis becomes resistant to the first line of drug treatment i.e. rifampin and isoniazid. Resistance to rifampin (RIF) is mainly caused by the mutations in the rpoB gene which codes for the β-subunit of RNA polymerase. In this study, Amplification Refractory Mutation System – Polymerase Chain Reaction (ARMS – PCR) technique has been used to detect mutations in the rpoB gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Total DNA samples of 34 phenotypic MDR-TB were subjected to ARMS – PCR using three different codon specific primers (516, 526 and 531). These three codons occupy large portion of total mutation responsible for rifampin resistance. Out of the total DNA samples, all were bearing mutation in at least one of the three codons mentioned. Of those bearing mutation, the highest number had mutation in codon 531 (97.05 %) followed by codon 516 (17.64 %) and finally in codon 526 (11.76%) respectively. Hence, ARMS – PCR may be used as an alternative diagnostic technique for detection of rifampin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains, especially for a developing country like Nepal.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(1): 81-85

scholarly journals Development of polyvalent toxoid Clostridium perfringens against anaerobic enterotoxaemia in young cattle and small ruminants

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 04009
Author(s):  
F.Kh. Pulotov ◽  
O.D. Nazarova ◽  
N.A. Akhmadov ◽  
A.I. Karimzoda
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Drug Preparation ◽  
Type D ◽  
Industrial Strains ◽  
Type C ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Selection Of

The authors of the article presents the results of the development of a polyvalent toxoid from C.perfringens strains against anaerobic enterotoxaemia of young cattle and small ruminants and an assessment of its effectiveness. It is presented the data on the selection of the recipe composition of the nutrient medium, the cultivation of industrial strains, the process of drug preparation, the selection of the optimal ratio of components and the method of controlling the effectiveness. Sequential cultivation of industrial strains of C.perfringens was carried out by cultivating them in flasks, bottles and bioreactors in the nutrient medium developed by the authors, consisting of: 12.0 g/l - liver extract; 25.0 g/l - casein-peptone; 3.2g/l –K2HPO4; 1.8 g/l – KH2PO4; 0.5 g/l – MgSO4. The development of the drug included the selection of optimal and balanced ratios of C. perfringens type A toxoids - 15 IU/ml, C.perfringens type B - 20 IU/ml, C.perfringens type C - 30 IU/ml, C. perfringens type D - 30 IU/ml, which ensured 100% protection of the immunized animals. Studies on laboratory and farm animals revealed the harmlessness, areactogenicity of the drug, which stimulated the development of immunity and resistance to the toxic effects of all strains of C.perfringens.

Molecular variation in plant cell populations evolving in vitro in different physiological contexts

Genome ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Bogani ◽  
Alessandra Simoni ◽  
Pietro Lio' ◽  
Angela Germinario ◽  
Marcello Buiatti
Keyword(s):  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Noncoding Dna ◽  
Noncoding Regions ◽  
Total Dna ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Hormone Control ◽  
Selection Of

Previous work has shown the fixation of context-specific random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) patterns in tomato cell cultures grown for 2 years in different hormonal contexts. In this work, RAPD sequences were characterised and RAPD-derived molecular markers used for a further study of variation between and within auto- and auxo-trophic tomato cultures grown in different hormonal equilibria. Results were then compared with those obtained using microsatellite markers located in noncoding regions of differentiation- and hormone-related genes and with those obtained with the external transcribed spacer (ETS) from tomato rDNA. Hybridisation of RAPDs on a tomato genomic DNA bank, or on total DNA after enzymatic digestion, suggested that the markers were repetitive in nature. Sequence analysis, however, showed that the homology between different fragments was due mainly to the presence of homo-AT nucleotide stretches. Moreover, a series of computational methods, such as an information-theory algorithm coupled with ΔG estimates, suggested that the RAPD fragments isolated in our experiments are noncoding. The amplification of SSR-containing RAPD-derived markers, and of other SSRs located in noncoding regions of tomato functional genes, consistently showed polymorphism between auxo- and auto-trophic somaclones (the latter being either habituated or transgenic for Agrobacterium tumefaciens oncogenes) but not within these same clones. Differences were also found between auxotrophic clones and the differentiated tissue. These findings were confirmed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis with the REII repetitive element of the ETS from tomato rDNA, which was isolated during this study. The results obtained suggest a possible role for physiological context in the selection of RAPD patterns during the evolution of tomato cells with different endogenous hormonal equilibria. The results are discussed in terms of a possible role for variation in noncoding regions of hormone-related genes in the adaptation to different physiological contexts.Key words: Lycopersicon esculentum, RAPD, SSR, genetic variation, noncoding DNA, hormone control.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document