Cultural Issues Related to ICD-11 Mental, Behavioural and Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Pratap Sharan; Gagan Hans

doi:10.17816/cp67

Cultural Issues Related to ICD-11 Mental, Behavioural and Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Consortium Psychiatricum ◽

10.17816/cp67 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 7-15

Author(s):

Pratap Sharan ◽

Gagan Hans

Keyword(s):

Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽

Cultural Issues ◽

Cultural Variations ◽

Cultural Challenges ◽

Global Classification ◽

Specific Disorders ◽

Successive Generations ◽

Classificatory System

The challenge of producing a classificatory system that is truly representative of different regions and cultural variations is difficult. This can be conceptualized as an ongoing process, achievable by constant commitment in this regard from various stakeholders over successive generations of the classificatory systems. The objective of this article is to conduct a qualitative review of the process and outcome of the efforts that resulted in the ICD-11 classification of mental, behavioural and neurodevelopmental disorders becoming a global classification. The ICD-11 represents an important, albeit iterative, advance in the classification of mental, behavioural and neurodevelopmental disorders. Significant changes have been incorporated in this regard, such as the introduction of new, culturally-relevant categories, modifications of the diagnostic guidelines, based on culturally informed data and the incorporation of culture-related features for specific disorders. Notwithstanding, there are still certain significant shortcomings and areas for further improvement and research. Some of the key limitations of ICD-11 relate to the paucity of research on the role of culture in the pathogenesis of illnesses. To ensure a classificatory system that is fair, reliable and culturally useful, there is a need to generate empirical evidence on diversity in the form of illnesses, as well as mechanisms that explain these in all the regions of the world. In this review, we try to delineate the various cultural challenges and their influences in the formulation of ICD-11, along with potential shortcomings and areas in need of more improvement and research in this regard.

Download Full-text

Cultural Variations and the Global Organization

10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190241490.003.0007 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Rabi S. Bhagat

Keyword(s):

Cultural Differences ◽

Cultural Sensitivity ◽

Cultural Distance ◽

Careful Analysis ◽

National Scale ◽

Global Organizations ◽

Cultural Variations ◽

Global Organization

Cultural variations present significant challenges for managers, customers, and clients of global organizations. Cultures of the nations are enduring differences that have evolved for centuries and do not change easily. Without adequate consideration of cultural variations, the effective functioning of global organizations is nearly impossible. The classification of cultures on a national scale that is based on careful analysis should provide the context for expanding the operations of global organizations across nations. Some cultures function more effectively by taking into account the role of relationships, whereas others are more governed by rules and regulations that have existed for centuries. Working across these two distinct types of cultures is considerably difficult. This chapter discusses various strategies for dealing with such cultural differences. The topics of cultural intelligence, cultural sensitivity, cultural competence, and cultural distance among nations are presented.

Download Full-text

Discerning culture in e-learning and in the global workplaces

Knowledge Management & E-Learning: An International Journal ◽

10.34105/j.kmel.2009.01.013 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 180-195

Keyword(s):

Learning Systems ◽

Cultural Issues ◽

Cultural Challenges ◽

E Learning ◽

Different Dimensions

This paper explores issues relating to e-learning in the global workplaces and educational contexts. The literature on e-learning often touts the benefits of e-learning as an equalizing or democratizing force in learning and education at the detriment of significant challenges facing its implementation and eventual outcomes for users. Central to the challenges facing e-learning systems is cultural challenges. Therefore the author argues the need to attend to cultural issues in e-learning if e-learning is to be successful. First, the paper addresses the different dimensions of education as described by the learning societies. Second, the paper incorporates the role of culture in e-learning, and finally, implications of culture in e-learning in the global workplaces are addressed.

Download Full-text

Asiana Airlines Flight 214

Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors ◽

10.1027/2192-0923/a000066 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 113-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Stephanie Chow ◽

Stephen Yortsos ◽

Najmedin Meshkati

Keyword(s):

Human Factors ◽

Aviation Safety ◽

Cultural Factors ◽

Vital Role ◽

Cultural Issues ◽

Flight Crew ◽

Pilot Performance ◽

Engineering Designs ◽

Flight Deck

This article focuses on a major human factors–related issue that includes the undeniable role of cultural factors and cockpit automation and their serious impact on flight crew performance, communication, and aviation safety. The report concentrates on the flight crew performance of the Boeing 777–Asiana Airlines Flight 214 accident, by exploring issues concerning mode confusion and autothrottle systems. It also further reviews the vital role of cultural factors in aviation safety and provides a brief overview of past, related accidents. Automation progressions have been created in an attempt to design an error-free flight deck. However, to do that, the pilot must still thoroughly understand every component of the flight deck – most importantly, the automation. Otherwise, if pilots are not completely competent in terms of their automation, the slightest errors can lead to fatal accidents. As seen in the case of Asiana Flight 214, even though engineering designs and pilot training have greatly evolved over the years, there are many cultural, design, and communication factors that affect pilot performance. It is concluded that aviation systems designers, in cooperation with pilots and regulatory bodies, should lead the strategic effort of systematically addressing the serious issues of cockpit automation, human factors, and cultural issues, including their interactions, which will certainly lead to better solutions for safer flights.

Download Full-text

Raiders Activity on the Market for Corporate Control as a Product of Coercive Entrepreneurship Evolution

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2007-8-80-92 ◽

2007 ◽

pp. 80-92

Author(s):

A. Kireev

Keyword(s):

Corporate Control ◽

Role Of Government ◽

Market For Corporate Control ◽

Basic Characteristics

The paper studies the problem of raiders activity on the market for corporate control. This activity is considered as a product of coercive entrepreneurship evolution. Their similarities and sharp distinctions are shown. The article presents the classification of raiders activity, discribes its basic characteristics and tendencies, defines the role of government in the process of its transformation.

Download Full-text

ASPECTS IN BUILDING A COMPANY WEB-SITE AND ITS ROLE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS

International Conference on Technics Technologies and Education ◽

10.15547/ictte.04.001 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 117-124

Author(s):

Petar Halachev ◽

Victoria Radeva ◽

Albena Nikiforova ◽

Miglena Veneva

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Web Site ◽

The Internet ◽

A Company ◽

The Web ◽

Design Construction ◽

Made In ◽

Site Types

This report is dedicated to the role of the web site as an important tool for presenting business on the Internet. Classification of site types has been made in terms of their application in the business and the types of structures in their construction. The Models of the Life Cycle for designing business websites are analyzed and are outlined their strengths and weaknesses. The stages in the design, construction, commissioning, and maintenance of a business website are distinguished and the activities and requirements of each stage are specified.

Download Full-text

Creating with Constraints

The Oxford Handbook of the Creative Process in Music ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190636197.013.17 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Robert Hasegawa

Keyword(s):

Visual Art ◽

Creative Activity ◽

Georges Perec ◽

Gyorgy Ligeti ◽

Raymond Queneau ◽

Art Forms ◽

Musical Creativity ◽

Process Constraints

Musicians have long framed their creative activity within constraints, whether imposed externally or consciously chosen. As noted by Leonard Meyer, any style can be viewed as an ensemble of constraints, requiring the features of the artwork to conform with accepted norms. Such received stylistic constraints may be complemented by additional, voluntary limitations: for example, using only a limited palette of pitches or sounds, setting rules to govern repetition or transformation, controlling the formal layout and proportions of the work, or limiting the variety of operations involved in its creation. This chapter proposes a fourfold classification of the limits most often encountered in music creation into material (absolute and relative), formal, style/genre, and process constraints. The role of constraints as a spur and guide to musical creativity is explored in the domains of composition, improvisation, performance, and even listening, with examples drawn from contemporary composers including György Ligeti, George Aperghis, and James Tenney. Such musical constraints are comparable to self-imposed limitations in other art forms, from film (the Dogme 95 Manifesto) and visual art (Robert Morris’s Blind Time Drawings) to the writings of authors associated with the Oulipo (Ouvroir de littérature potentielle) such as Georges Perec and Raymond Queneau.

Download Full-text

Formation of an Export-Oriented Agricultural Economy and Regional Open Innovations

Journal of Open Innovation Technology Market and Complexity ◽

10.3390/joitmc7010032 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 32

Author(s):

Victor L. Shabanov ◽

Marianna Ya Vasilchenko ◽

Elena A. Derunova ◽

Andrey P. Potapov

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Economy ◽

Institutional Management ◽

Agricultural Exports ◽

Modeling Methodology ◽

Fixed Assets ◽

Analysis Application ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

The aim of the work is to find relevant indicators for assessing the relationship between investments in fixed assets in agriculture, gross output of the industry, and agricultural exports using tools for modeling the impact of innovation and investment development on increasing production and export potential in the context of the formation of an export-oriented agricultural economy. The modeling methodology and the proposed estimating and forecasting tools for diagnosing and monitoring the state of sectoral and regional innovative agricultural systems are used to analyze the relationship between investments in fixed assets in agriculture, gross output of the industry, and agricultural exports based on the construction of the classification of Russian regions by factors that aggregate these features to diagnose incongruence problems and to improve institutional management in regional innovative export-oriented agrosystems. Based on the results of the factor analysis application, an underestimated role of indicators of investment in agriculture, the intensity and efficiency of agricultural production, were established. Based on the results of the cluster analysis, the established five groups of regions were identified, with significant differences in the level of investment in agriculture, the volume of production of the main types of agricultural products, and the export and exported food. The research results are of practical value for use in improving institutional management when planning reforms and transformations of regional innovative agrosystems.

Download Full-text

Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms in the development of congenital heart diseases

World Journal of Pediatric Surgery ◽

10.1136/wjps-2020-000196 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. e000196

Author(s):

Yue Wu ◽

Xiaosi Jin ◽

Yuhao Zhang ◽

Jing Zheng ◽

Rulai Yang

Keyword(s):

Congenital Heart ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Gene Mutations ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Molecular Medicine ◽

Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽

Epigenetic Factors ◽

Near Future

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common of congenital cardiovascular malformations associated with birth defects, and it results in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The classification of CHD is still elusive owing to the complex pathogenesis of CHD. Advances in molecular medicine have revealed the genetic basis of some heart anomalies. Genes associated with CHD might be modulated by various epigenetic factors. Thus, the genetic and epigenetic factors are gradually accepted as important triggers in the pathogenesis of CHD. However, few literatures have comprehensively elaborated the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of CHD. This review focuses on the etiology of CHD from genetics and epigenetics to discuss the role of these factors in the development of CHD. The interactions between genetic and epigenetic in the pathogenesis of CHD are also elaborated. Chromosome abnormalities and gene mutations in genetics, and DNA methylations, histone modifications and on-coding RNAs in epigenetics are summarized in detail. We hope the summative knowledge of these etiologies may be useful for improved diagnosis and further elucidation of CHD so that morbidity and mortality of children with CHD can be reduced in the near future.

Download Full-text