scholarly journals The development and experimental assessment of medical devices protecting eviscerated abdominal organs using the eventration model

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-176
Author(s):  
Valeriy N. Adamenko ◽  
Konstantin P. Golovko ◽  
Tatiana N. Suborova ◽  
Yana G. Toropova ◽  
Denis A. Zaichikov
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Large Animals ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Similar Stage

On an experimental model of eventration in small and large animals (94 rats and 12 pigs), the safety and effectiveness of samples of aseptic protective dressings made of nanomaterials with impregnations used to prevent the development of complications from abdominal organs and tissues in comparison with control ones gauze medical sterile ones were evaluated. After 3 hours, 3 and 7 days after surgery, the viability of the intestinal wall and the presence of complications were assessed on the basis of laboratory, experimental, instrumental and morphological techniques. The assessment of microcirculation (perfusion) of the intestine was carried out using the apparatus LAKK-02. It was found that according to the complex of clinical and laboratory, microbiological, morphological, microcirculatory data and expert assessment, the safest and most effective for the protection of abdominal organs was an aseptic bandage made of non-woven material spunbond impregnated with vinylin + silicone. The initial values of microcirculation parameters in the pig groups were: 18.4 [17.1; 19] perfusion units in the experimental group and 15.6 [6.8; 17.7] perfusion units in the control group. After applying the bandage in the experimental group, the level of microcirculation did not significantly change. In the control group, after 3-hour exposure to the bandage, a decrease in the level of microcirculation was observed to 6.5 [5.1; 8] perfusion units (p 0.05 compared to the initial and similar stage in the experimental group). Thus, an aseptic bandage made of spunbond nanomaterial impregnated with vinylin + silicone retains the necessary moisture and protects the eventrated abdominal organs, demonstrates safe adhesive properties and prevents the development of local and general complications in the early postoperative period.

scholarly journals Self-Regulation and Rubrics Assessment in Structural Engineering Subjects

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Consuelo Sáiz Manzanares ◽  
Miguel Ángel Sánchez Báez ◽  
Vanesa Ortega-López ◽  
Juan M. Manso Villalaín
Keyword(s):  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Procedural Knowledge ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Perceptions Of Students ◽  
University Systems ◽  
Experimental Group

Present-day university systems need to educate graduates who are confident and highly independent, attributes that are especially relevant to engineering. We need to develop active methods that can analyze the prior knowledge of students and that impart teaching based on self-regulation and self-assessment by the student. In this study, we work with a sample of 116 students of architecture following a Structural Engineering subject module (61 in the experimental group and 55 in the control group). The objectives of the investigation are (1) to test whether significant differences exist in the knowledge of students after a training program in self-regulation and (2) to test whether the use of rubrics will improve the perceptions of students with regard to their own knowledge. We found that students trained in self-regulation methodologies improved their procedural knowledge in the field of structural engineering. Likewise, student self-perceptions of their own knowledge increased in relation to the design and expert assessment of structural elements and the graphic representation of constructive elements.

How to Program Positive Medical Device User Experience Using Narratives, Storytelling and Priming

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Thomas Koester ◽  
Hanne Salling Kierkegaard ◽  
Jeanette Juul Jakobsen ◽  
Nils Toft ◽  
Christian Bang
Keyword(s):  
Medical Device ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Control Experiment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychological Outcome ◽  
User Experiences ◽  
Device User ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Narratives And Storytelling

This study investigates how narratives and storytelling in relation to the delivery of a medical device to a patient influence the psychological effect of the device on the patient. The effect was investigated in a pilot study designed as a randomized control experiment in which an experimental group was exposed to positive narratives and storytelling in delivery of cosmetic breast enhancing surgery. The control group went through the same surgical procedures but without hearing these positive stories. Results show that the experimental group reported significantly more positive user experiences than the patients who were not exposed to the stories. It is concluded that narratives and storytelling enhance a positive psychological outcome and that more research in this area could help design the delivery of medical devices to patients.

scholarly journals Reinforcement of Colonic Anastomosis with Improved Ultrafine Nanofibrous Patch: Experiment on Pig

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Jachym Rosendorf ◽  
Marketa Klicova ◽  
Lenka Cervenkova ◽  
Jana Horakova ◽  
Andrea Klapstova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anastomotic Leakage ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Major Complication ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Postoperative Changes ◽  
Experimental Group

Anastomotic leakage is a dreadful complication in colorectal surgery. It has a negative impact on postoperative mortality, long term life quality and oncological results. Nanofibrous polycaprolactone materials have shown pro-healing properties in various applications before. Our team developed several versions of these for healing support of colorectal anastomoses with promising results in previous years. In this study, we developed highly porous biocompatible polycaprolactone nanofibrous patches. We constructed a defective anastomosis on the large intestine of 16 pigs, covered the anastomoses with the patch in 8 animals (Experimental group) and left the rest uncovered (Control group). After 21 days of observation we evaluated postoperative changes, signs of leakage and other complications. The samples were assessed histologically according to standardized protocols. The material was easy to work with. All animals survived with no major complication. There were no differences in intestinal wall integrity between the groups and there were no signs of anastomotic leakage in any animal. The levels of collagen were significantly higher in the Experimental group, which we consider to be an indirect sign of higher mechanical strength. The material shall be further perfected in the future and possibly combined with active molecules to specifically influence the healing process.

scholarly journals Influence of propolis biologically active substances on blood biochemical parameters and morphometric indicators of intestines of store pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
N.V. Gaponov ◽  
G.L. Yagovenko ◽  
A.N. Stepanova ◽  
O.P Neverova ◽  
O.V. Gorelik
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Water Alcohol

The results of research in some cases allow to judge the change in the functional activity of the studied organs after the use of the preparation. The obtained factual material significantly supplements the information about the biological properties of the propolis water-alcohol emulsion. In practical veterinary medicine, the results of research can be taken into account when prescribing propolis for therapeutic and preventive purposes. Thus, as a result of the study, it was found that the most characteristic histological changes in the structural components of the intestinal wall are observed in the ileum of young pigs and pigs of the experimental groups. The height of this intestine villi in young pigs of the experimental group is 280.97 ± 3.37 microns, and in the control group - 193.89 ± 2.66 microns (p< 0.001). In pigs treated with the preparation, the villi also have a higher height - 256.89 ± 1.62 microns compared to 163.96 ± 0.61 microns in the control group. In young pigs and pigs of the control groups, the shape of the ileum villi is finger-shaped or bottle-shaped, and in animals of the experimental groups their forms are more differentiated - bottle-shaped, leaf-shaped and dome-shaped. This will allow store pigs receiving propolis preparation to better absorb the nutrients of the diet and gain weight faster. The research results are of interest to researchers developing propolis preparations for oral use.

scholarly journals Infusion Therapy Optimization in Selective Abdominal Surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 4-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Smeshnoi ◽  
I. N. Pasechnik ◽  
E. I. Skobelev ◽  
D. A. Timashkov ◽  
М. A. Onegin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Infusion Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Abdominal Interventions ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Key Parameter

Purpose. Evaluation of the influence of intra-operative targeted infusion therapy managed by the monitoring of stroke volume variability on post-operative results of major surgeries of gastrointestinal organs.Materials and Methods. The prospective study included 80 patients subjected to selective operative interventions of abdominal organs involving entero-enteroanastomosis. In the experimental group (n=39), the infusion therapy was conducted according to the developed targeted therapy protocol, of which the key parameter was stroke volume variability. In the control group (n=41), infusion therapy was conducted based on routine hemodynamic monitoring (average arterial pressure, heart rate, blood loss level with regard to intra-operative situation). In both groups, operative intervention was carried out in identical conditions (combined anesthesia, identical drugs to induce and maintain anesthesia); the only differences included infusion therapy.Results. In the experimental group versus the control group the intra-operative infusion volume was smaller, the number of patients with complications and the total number of complications were reliably lower, and the gastrointestinal tract functional recovery occurred earlier. Conclusion. A targeted infusion therapy based on a stroke volume variability monitoring as the key parameter allows optimizing the infusion load and facilitates reduction of the number of patients with complications and earlier recovery of gastrointestinal tract functions after major operative abdominal interventions.

Technical and tactical training of freestyle wrestlers on the basis of individual manner introduction to the fight

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
A. E. Antoniuk
Keyword(s):  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fair Play ◽  
Point System ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Tactical Training ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Comparison Data

The article considers the issue of individual manner of conducting freestyle wrestling. Research methods: analysis of scientific and methodical literature, questionnaires of trainers, observation of fights, video recordings, expert assessment. The observational stage of the experiment was completed in the study. Based on the analysis of scientific and methodological literature and questionnaires of coaches, the most widely used technical and tactical actions of freestyle wrestlers have been established. The individual manner of conducting the fight was studied and the distribution of wrestlers according to these characteristics was carried out. A 120-point system for assessing the dynamics of changes in technical and tactical readiness has been formed. The system includes a set of special modules. These modules will be used in further work. Two groups of wrestlers were formed for further research - a control group and an experimental group The initial data of indicators of technical and tactical combinations of freestyle wrestlers of both groups are received. The article presents comparison data between the two groups before the main experiment. Modern wrestling is aimed at developing strength and endurance, agility, the ability to make quick decisions in difficult conditions, the desire for fair play and victory. Wrestlers are required to actively improve themselves, constantly expand the system of acquired knowledge, practical skills and master new applied competencies.

Morphometric analysis of peroxisomes in hepatocytes of alcohol-fed rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 1100-1101
Author(s):  
D.C. Dominguez ◽  
J.T. Ellzey
Keyword(s):  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Numerical Density ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer ◽  
Paired Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Liver Peroxisomes ◽  
Single Lesion

Peroxisomes which participate in 1ipid metabolism have been shown to be altered in several metabolic disorders and toxic conditions. In alcoholic liver disease, the single lesion most frequently found is lipid accumu1ation in hepatocytes. However, the mechanisms for this 1ipid accumu1ation are not clear. The occurrence of modifications of liver peroxisomes due to excess alcohol consumption has not been subjected to a controlled study. We utilized a combination of cytochemica1 and morphometrictechniques to study the size and number of liver peroxisomes in rats fed an alcohol-supplemented diet compared to those of matched-paired control animals.Male Sprague-Daw1ey rats (400-500 g) received a liquid diet. The experimental group (N = 5/group) was fed a diet containing 30% ethanol-derived calories (EDC) and the control group was fed an isocaloric diet to 30% EDC. A pair feeding procedure was employed to control for caloric intake. Small pieces of liver randomly selected, were fixed in 2.3% -glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer, pH 7.2, incubated in a DAB medium and postfixed with. 2% aqueous osmium tetroxide. EM photographs were taken from sections of 3 tissue blocks from each sample (7,200X) with a Zeiss EM10-A (60 kV). With the use of a point counting method and a digital planimeter the volume density (Vv) and numerical density (Nv) were determined.

Values and intergroup perceptions of East Germans and West Germans in 1998 1This research was supported by a grant from the German Research Society (We 1106/3-1).

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-272
Author(s):  
Jörg Doll ◽  
Michael Dick
Keyword(s):  
Research Society ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perceived Similarity ◽  
The West ◽  
Need For Uniqueness ◽  
German Research ◽  
East German ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
East West

The studies reported here focus on similarities and dissimilarities between the terminal value hierarchies ( Rokeach, 1973 ) ascribed to different groups ( Schwartz & Struch, 1990 ). In Study 1, n = 65 East Germans and n = 110 West Germans mutually assess the respective ingroup and outgroup. In this intra-German comparison the West Germans, with a mean intraindividual correlation of rho = 0.609, perceive a significantly greater East-West similarity between the group-related value hierarchies than the East Germans, with a mean rho = 0.400. Study 2 gives East German subjects either a Swiss (n = 58) or Polish (n = 59) frame of reference in the comparison between the categories German and East German. Whereas the Swiss frame of reference should arouse a need for uniqueness, the Polish frame of reference should arouse a need for similarity. In accordance with expectations, the Swiss frame of reference significantly reduces the correlative similarity between German and East German from a mean rho = 0.703 in a control group (n = 59) to a mean rho = 0.518 in the experimental group. Contrary to expectations, the Polish frame of reference does not lead to an increase in perceived similarity (mean rho = 0.712).

Rorschach Characteristics in Adolescents with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Santoantonio ◽  
L. Yazigi ◽  
E. I. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Control Study

The purpose of this study was to investigate the personality characteristics in adolescents with SLE. The research design is a case-control study by means of the Rorschach Method and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale. Study group: 30 female adolescents with lupus, 12–17 years of age. The SLE Disease Activity Index was administered during the period of psychological evaluation. Control group: 32 nonpatient adolescents were matched for age, sex, and socioeconomic level. In the Wechsler Intelligence Scale the mean IQ of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (77 and 98, respectively, p < .001). In the Rorschach, the lupus patients showed greater difficulty in interpersonal interactions, although they displayed the resources to process affect and to cope with stressful situations. A positive moderate correlation (p = .069) between the activity index of the disease and the affect constriction proportion of the Rorschach was observed: the higher the SLEDAI score, the lower the capacity to process affect. There is a negative correlation between the activity index of the disease and the IQ (p = .001): with a higher activity index of the disease, less intellectual resources are available.

In a Working Mood?

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Reinecke ◽  
Sabine Trepte
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Computer Game ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mood Management ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Personal Media ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Subsequent Task

Abstract. This quasi-experimental study examined the effects of exposure to a computer game on arousal and subsequent task performance. After inducing a state of low arousal, participants were assigned to experimental or control conditions via self-selection. Members of the experimental group played a computer game for five minutes; subjects in the control group spent the same amount of time awaiting further instructions. Participants who were exposed to the computer game showed significantly higher levels of arousal and performed significantly better on a subsequent cognitive task. The pattern of results was not influenced by the participants' prior experience with the game. The findings indicate that mood-management processes associated with personal media use at the workplace go beyond the alteration of arousal and affect subsequent cognitive performance.

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