scholarly journals Etiological characteristics of acute respiratory diseases in servicemen of the Western military district in 2014-2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
A N Gorenchuk ◽  
P V Kulikov ◽  
S D Zhogolev ◽  
R M Aminev ◽  
A A Kuzin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Acute Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Active Implementation

The species affiliation of respiratory pathogens isolated from patients and carriers in the military units of the Western Military District in 2014-2019 was studied. The analysis of long-term and seasonal dynamics of their circulation is carried out. It was found that S. pneumoniae and adenoviruses are more often detected in acute respiratory diseases in conscripts. The genetic material of adenoviruses was found in 31,9% of samples, influenza viruses in 13,3%, rhinoviruses in 11,2%, respiratory syncytial viruses in 1,7%, metapneumoviruses in 0,9%, parainfluenza viruses 0,7%, bocaviruses0,5%, coronaviruses 0,1%, S. pneumoniae 33,9%, H. influenzae 13%, M. pneumoniae 9%, C. pneumoniae - in 3,3%, N. meningitidis - in 16%. Comparison of the results of work with studies carried out by domestic research groups among the civilian population in the same period showed that the circulation of various respiratory viruses depends on the year, season, and is also influenced by socio-demographic factors. A direct high functional correlation was found between the dynamics of circulation of adenovirus and S. pneumoniae in different years and epidemic seasons. Evidence has been obtained of the active implementation of the process of self-maintenance of the reservoir of infections and the multifactorial nature of the overall environmental sustainability of the system in organized military teams. In the etiological structure of respiratory infections, the proportion of pathogens varies depending on the season in different years, the characteristics of the formation and composition of organized groups, as well as epidemic periods.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Respiratory Pathogens among Elderly Nursing Home Residents with Acute Respiratory Infections in Corsica, France, 2013–2017

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley Masse ◽  
Lisandru Capai ◽  
Alessandra Falchi
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens

Background. The current study aims to describe the demographical and clinical characteristics of elderly nursing home (NH) residents with acute respiratory infections (ARIs) during four winter seasons (2013/2014–2016/2017), as well as the microbiological etiology of these infections. Methods. Seventeen NHs with at least one ARI resident in Corsica, France, were included. An ARI resident was defined as a resident developing a sudden onset of any constitutional symptoms in addition to any respiratory signs. Nasopharyngeal swabs from ARI residents were screened for the presence of 21 respiratory agents, including seasonal influenza viruses. Results. Of the 107 ARI residents enrolled from NHs, 61 (57%) were positive for at least one of the 21 respiratory pathogens. Forty-one (38.3%) of the 107 ARI residents had influenza: 38 (92%) were positive for influenza A (100% A(H3N2)) and three (8%) for influenza B/Victoria. Axillary fever (≥38°C) was significantly more common among patients infected with influenza A(H3N2). Conclusion. The circulation of seasonal respiratory viruses other than influenza A(H3N2) seems to be sporadic among elderly NH residents. Investigating the circulation of respiratory viruses in nonwinter seasons seems to be important in order to understand better the dynamic of their year-round circulation in NHs.

Newer Virus Diseases: Clinical Differentiation of Acute Respiratory Infections

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-44
Author(s):  
DAVID T. KARZON
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Viral Etiology ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Acute Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Basic Concepts

Acute respiratory diseases, especially those of viral etiology, occupy a goodly proportion of the attention of the pediatrician in his daily practice. In this small volume, Dr. Adams attempts to bring together the rapidly appearing information regarding recent discoveries and innovations in virology and correlate them with clinical aspects of respiratory infection. Sections are devoted to introducing basic concepts in virology and to anatomic and physiologic aspects of the respiratory system in relation to infection.

scholarly journals Official statements of the board of experts on the use of topical thiamphenicol in patients with communityacquired respiratory infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-196
Author(s):  
Sergey N. Avdeev ◽  
T.I. Garashchenko ◽  
N.A. Geppe ◽  
I.A. Dronov ◽  
Andrey A. Zaitsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Steady Growth ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Potential Use

Currently, there is a steady growth antimicrobial resistance (AMP) worldwide. This is especially true now when antibiotic use has become uncontrolled due to its use in COVID-19 treatment regimens. Antibiotics do not have antiviral effect, their appointment is justified only with complicated forms of COVID-19. Moreover, such a massive use antibiotics creates the prerequisites for the formation antibiotic resistance, including among the causative agents of community-acquired infections. Due to the relentless the growth of antibiotic resistance of community-acquired pathogens of respiratory diseases, it becomes necessary to revise approaches to antibacterial therapy (ABT) and assessing the potential use of thiamphenicol for the treatment of community-acquired infections caused by respiratory pathogens.

scholarly journals Acute respiratory diseases: progression features, pharmaceutical therapy

2018 ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
N. V. Orlova ◽  
T. G. Suranova
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Intracellular Bacteria ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Pharmaceutical Therapy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Acute Respiratory Diseases ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Acute Respiratory Viral Infection ◽  
Social Importance

Acute respiratory diseases (ARD) are widespread diseases and are of great social importance. Diagnosis of acute respiratory infections implies the damage to the respiratory system caused by a wide range of pathogens. Among the pathogens of acute respiratory infections are viruses of acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI) group, including influenza, as well as fungal and bacterial pathogens, which include intracellular bacteria: mycoplasma and chlamydia. Diseases caused by intracellular pathogens are treated by antibacterial drugs that can easily penetrate the cells and create there high concentrations.

scholarly journals Fenspiride use in acute respiratory infections in children

2019 ◽  
pp. 120-123
Author(s):  
N. G. Kolosova ◽  
M. D. Shakhnazarova
Keyword(s):  
Safety Profile ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Acute Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Acute respiratory infections are the most common pathology in childhood, representing not only a medical but also a socio-economic problem. Numerous studies on the use of anti-inflammatory therapy in ARI have shown high efficacy and safety profile of fenspiride. The combination of anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, and antispasmodic properties ensures the success of fenspiride in the treatment of acute respiratory diseases in children. Fenspiride reduces symptoms of ARI, accelerates recovery, reduces the need for additional prescription of other drugs.

scholarly journals Significance of complex laboratory diagnostics of ARVI for veterinary practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 196 (5) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
A. PORYVAEVA ◽  
O Petrova ◽  
Elena Pechura ◽  
Natalia Bezborodova ◽  
Ya. LYSOVA
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
Acute Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
Diagnostic Technologies

Abstract. This article summarizes the results of laboratory studies of acute respiratory viral infections of cattle in agricultural enterprises of the Ural Federal district and the Udmurt Republic. The purpose of the research was to show the spread of respiratory viral infections in cattle in various regions and the significance of laboratory diagnostics in this pathology. According to research data 815 samples for the period 2018–2020 a variety of combinations of mixed respiratory viruses in animals was detected using biomaterials from different age patients and patients with respiratory diseases of cattle from agricultural enterprises of the Ural Federal district, the Volga Federal District and the Udmurt Republic using polymerase chain reaction, indirect hemagglutination reaction, hemagglutination inhibition reaction, Elisa , and enzyme immunoassay. Scientific novelty. The etiological structure of mixed acute respiratory viral infections in cattle in agricultural enterprises in four regions of the Ural Federal District, the Volga Federal District and the Udmurt Republic in 2018–2020 was studied using modern diagnostic technologies. Results. In the Ural Federal District, the Volga Federal district and the Udmurt Republic, 80 % of cases of acute respiratory diseases were caused by bovine viral infections, mainly representatives of 2 families of viruses whose genome is represented by an RNA molecule (paramixoviruses, togaviruses) and a family of viruses whose genome is represented by a DNA molecule (herpesviruses,). The leading place among acute respiratory infections was occupied by infectious rhinotracheitis of cattle.

scholarly journals Total Infectomes Characterization of Respiratory Infections in pre-COVID-19 Wuhan, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mang Shi ◽  
Su Zhao ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
Wei-Chen Wu ◽  
Yi Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Chlamydia Psittaci ◽  
Atypical Pneumonia ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Comprehensive Overview

At the end of 2019 Wuhan witnessed an outbreak of "atypical pneumonia" that later developed into a global pandemic. Metagenomic sequencing rapidly revealed the causative agent of this outbreak to be a novel coronavirus - SARS-CoV-2. Herein, to provide a snapshot of the pathogens in pneumonia-associated respiratory samples from Wuhan prior to the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, we collected bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples from 408 patients presenting with pneumonia and acute respiratory infections at the Central Hospital of Wuhan between 2016 and 2017. Unbiased total RNA sequencing was performed to reveal their "total infectome", including viruses, bacteria and fungi. Consequently, we identified 37 pathogen species, comprising 15 RNA viruses, 3 DNA viruses, 16 bacteria and 3 fungi, often at high abundance and including multiple co-infections (12.8%). However, SARS-CoV-2 was not present. These data depict a stable core infectome comprising common respiratory pathogens such as rhinoviruses and influenza viruses, an atypical respiratory virus (EV-D68), and a single case of a sporadic zoonotic pathogen - Chlamydia psittaci. Samples from patients experiencing respiratory disease on average had higher pathogen abundance than healthy controls. Phylogenetic analyses of individual pathogens revealed multiple origins and global transmission histories, highlighting the connectedness of the Wuhan population. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the pathogens associated with acute respiratory infections and pneumonia, which were more diverse and complex than obtained using targeted PCR or qPCR approaches. These data also suggest that SARS-CoV-2 or closely related viruses were absent from Wuhan in 2016-2017.

Rehabilitation method of non-drug therapy at the correction of psycho-emotional and cognitive spheres in the children of primary school with acute respiratory diseases

10.12737/7226 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Хегай ◽  
M. Khegay ◽  
Гуртовенко ◽  
I. Gurtovenko ◽  
Кудаева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
Psychological Examination ◽  
Acute Respiratory Diseases ◽  
And Control

The expediency of using recovery non-drug methods in rehabilitation of children of primary school often suffering from acute respiratory infection is justified in this paper. The purpose of the study is to develop a complex recovery measures for children with acute respiratory infections and to evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitation of disorders in emotional state and cognitive sphere. The object of this study was to 350 pupils aged 7-10 years. On the basis of data of the medical examina-tion, all the children were divided into 2 groups: frequently ill and rarely ill. Then both groups were divided into 2 subgroups: the main and control. The children of the main group were treated by means of the recovery non-drug methods developed by the authors. To study higher mental processes activity the authors used psychological examination, sociometry re-search of personality-emotional sphere of the child. Psychological examination showed that violations of the emotional state and the decline of cognitive functions in frequently ill children, were significantly higher than rarely ill children. It is shown that under the influence of rehabilitation by complex non-drug methods decreased morbidity, improved psycho-emotional state and increased levels of cognitive status.

scholarly journals The Virome of Acute Respiratory Diseases in Individuals at Risk of Zoonotic Infections

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 960
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Kha Tu ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thu Hong ◽  
Nguyen Thi Han Ny ◽  
Tran My Phuc ◽  
Pham Thi Thanh Tam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pcr Screening ◽  
Zoonotic Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Syncytial Virus

The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic emphasizes the need to actively study the virome of unexplained respiratory diseases. We performed viral metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) analysis of 91 nasal-throat swabs from individuals working with animals and with acute respiratory diseases. Fifteen virus RT-PCR-positive samples were included as controls, while the other 76 samples were RT-PCR negative for a wide panel of respiratory pathogens. Eukaryotic viruses detected by mNGS were then screened by PCR (using primers based on mNGS-derived contigs) in all samples to compare viral detection by mNGS versus PCR and assess the utility of mNGS in routine diagnostics. mNGS identified expected human rhinoviruses, enteroviruses, influenza A virus, coronavirus OC43, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) A in 13 of 15 (86.7%) positive control samples. Additionally, rotavirus, torque teno virus, human papillomavirus, human betaherpesvirus 7, cyclovirus, vientovirus, gemycircularvirus, and statovirus were identified through mNGS. Notably, complete genomes of novel cyclovirus, gemycircularvirus, and statovirus were genetically characterized. Using PCR screening, the novel cyclovirus was additionally detected in 5 and the novel gemycircularvirus in 12 of the remaining samples included for mNGS analysis. Our studies therefore provide pioneering data of the virome of acute-respiratory diseases from individuals at risk of zoonotic infections. The mNGS protocol/pipeline applied here is sensitive for the detection of a variety of viruses, including novel ones. More frequent detections of the novel viruses by PCR than by mNGS on the same samples suggests that PCR remains the most sensitive diagnostic test for viruses whose genomes are known. The detection of novel viruses expands our understanding of the respiratory virome of animal-exposed humans and warrant further studies.

scholarly journals Native nucleic acid electrophoresis as an efficient alternative for genotyping method of influenza virus.

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Pajak ◽  
Krzysztof Lepek
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Number Of Patients

Influenza viruses are the worldwide major causative agents of human and animal acute respiratory infections. Some of the influenza subtypes have caused epidemics and pandemics among humans. The varieties of methods are available for the rapid isolation and identification of influenza viruses in clinical and environmental samples. Since nucleic acids amplification techniques such as RT-PCR have been adapted, fast and sensitive influenza type and subtype determination is possible. However, in some ambiguous cases other, more detailed assay might be desired. The genetic material of influenza virus is highly unstable and constantly mutates. It is known that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) results in resistance to commercially available anti-viral drugs. The genetic drift of the virus could also result in weakening of immune response to infection. Finally, in a substantial number of patients co-infection with various virus strains or types has been confirmed. Although the detection of co-infection or presence of minor genetic variants within flu-infected patients is not a routine procedure, a rapid and wide spectrum diagnostics of influenza virus infections could reveal an accurate picture of the disease and more importantly, is crucial for choosing the appropriate therapeutics and virus monitoring. Herein we present the evidences that native gel electrophoresis and MSSCP--a method based on multitemperature single strand conformation polymorphism could furnish a useful technique for minor variants, which escape discovery by conventional diagnostic assays.

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