scholarly journals Algorithm for diagnosing bronchial asthma in citizens of military age.

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Yu N Zakrevskii ◽  
D A Arkhangelskii ◽  
D O Balakhnov ◽  
P N Lemeshko
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
Medical Opinion ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽  
Remission Phase ◽  
Clinically Significant

Despite the presence of various international and Russian documents regulating the diagnosis of bronchial asthma, in everyday practice, doctors are constantey face a significant problem when confirming or excluding this disease in people of military age during their medical examination. This is due to the peculiarity of the natural course of the disease in military age: frequent long-term remissions, the predominance of mild or asymptomatic, normal indicators of respiratory function in the remission phase. It was necessary to revise the algorithm for diagnosing asthma in this category of persons in order to avoid making the wrong expert decisions. It has been taken into account that service in the army, with increased physical and emotional loads, exposure to various adverse environmental conditions can be a factor in both debut and exacerbation of the disease. Attention is drawn to the need for an integrated approach in conducting a survey before making a decision on the final rendering of a medical opinion. At the same time, a specific allergological examination, evaluation of spirographic studies, testing aimed at confirming the preserved bronchial hyperreactivity, and in controversial cases, inhalation tests with a clinically significant allergen are mandatory.

scholarly journals Relationships between reproduction and environment in the Hippopotamus Hippopotamus Amphibius in the Kruger National Park

Koedoe ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L Smuts ◽  
I. J Whyte
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
National Park ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Calf Survival ◽  
Hippopotamus Amphibius ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions

Hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius reproduction in the Kruger National Park, Republic of South Africa, is described and compared with that of other populations in Africa and with captive reared specimens. Information collected during drought and pluvial periods indicates that adult hippo cows react to adverse environmental conditions (reduced shelter in pools, overcrowding and food scarcity) by marked declines in conception rates (from 36,7 @ 5,6). Indirect evidence indicates that when environmental conditions are unfavourable calf survival is improved by extending the period of lactation and by calves suckling more than one cow. During favourable years some calves mature early (S S, 2 years, and 9 9 5 years) but generally sexual maturity is attained at six and 9-10 years for males and females respectively. The calving interval, when environmental conditions are favourable, is about two years and reproductive senescence and sterility are insignificant factors. The population sex ratio is 1:1. Hippos appear to be typical K-selected species. Environmental constraints have caused them to adopt a low reproductive rate and high survival rate and consequently a close adjustment to the long-term carrying capacity of the environment.

Estimating establishment probabilities of Cladocera introduced at low density: an evaluation of the proposed ballast water discharge standards

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Bailey ◽  
Luis Antonio Vélez-Espino ◽  
Ora E. Johannsson ◽  
Marten A. Koops ◽  
Chris J. Wiley
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Propagule Pressure ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Critical Threshold ◽  
Precautionary Approach ◽  
Diapausing Eggs ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽  
Future Technologies

The International Maritime Organization has proposed ballast water discharge standards to reduce densities of taxa transported in ballast water. While reduced propagule pressure will almost certainly lower the risk of species introductions, we ask if the proposed standards will be effective against taxa capable of rapid population growth from small inocula, such as parthenogenetic taxa. We modified a diffusion approximation to calculate establishment probabilities as the probability of reaching a critical threshold density necessary to initiate sexual reproduction (and production of diapausing eggs for long-term persistence) before the onset of adverse environmental conditions. We parameterize our model for six Cladocera using growth rates measured during enclosure experiments conducted under favourable environmental conditions (i.e., using a precautionary approach). We then examine predicted establishment probabilities at different inoculum densities to determine the efficacy of the proposed ballast water discharge standards. Our results indicate that future technologies in compliance with the proposed standards could reduce establishment probabilities for some parthenogenetic zooplankton threefold; however, there is still a risk of establishment for some taxa.

A Preparation based on Bacteria Isolated from Hypersaline Environments to Improve the Functional and Protective Characteristics of Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
N.B. Gradova ◽  
S.P. Sivkov ◽  
E.V. Agalakova ◽  
A.A. Belov ◽  
N.A. Suyasov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Hypersaline Environment ◽  
Cement Stone ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Crack Healing ◽  
Cement Mixture ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽  
Long Term Preservation ◽  
Bacterial Preparations

Improving the strength and stability of cement-based structures in adverse environmental conditions with associated anthropogenic influences is possible through the development and implementation of nature-like and nature-friendly technologies. The ability of urobacteria to precipitate calcium carbonate can be useful in the manufacture of self-healing and reinforced concrete, in the crack healing and the restoration of concrete structures. Hypersaline environment is an ecological niche for search for microorganisms that are resistant to increased alkalinity, changing environmental conditions and stress. Screening of microorganisms allowed us to isolate the most active urobacteria, Lysinibacillus macroides and Bacillus licheniformis, from hypersaline lakes. The introduction of these microorganisms into the cement mixture significantly increased the strength of mortar specimens, reduced their porosity and capillary water absorption, which was associated with ongoing biocalcination. We studied the microstructure of spores of diatomite-immobilized bacteria and showed that this form provided long-term preservation of bacterial activity. A high activity of bacterial preparations in the healing of cement stone cracks was found. biomineralization, biocementation, extreme halophiles, crack healing, cement mortar, microbial concrete, urea hydrolysis. The work was supported by the D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia (Project no. 033-2018).

CREATION OF THE INDUCED APPLE-THREE TETRAPLOIDS

1970 ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
L. V. Tashmatova ◽  
О. V. Mantseva ◽  
N. V. Gorbacheva
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Cytological Analysis ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Apple Breeding ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽  
Diploid Gametes ◽  
Resistance To Diseases

The basic moments of a process of obtaining apple tetraploids as donors of diploid gametes for apple breeding with polyploidy using are demonstrated. In industrial terms, triploids are of the greatest importance. The manifested effect of heterosis leads to the improvement of many characteristics - higher resistance to diseases, pests and adverse environmental conditions, greater autogamy than in diploids, less pronounced periodicity of fruiting, larger fruits and a convenient crown for harvesting. Triploids are developed as a result of crosses 2n × 3n or 2n × 4n. Tetraploids are necessary for more successful apple breeding with polyploidy using. For industry they are not of great importance but they are of interest as donors of diploid non-reduced gametes and allow to make the selection process more directional. One of the methods of experimental polyploidy is the induction of polyploids using mutagenes. The germs were treated with colchicines at concentrations 0.1% - 0.4% during 24 and 48 hours. According to the morphology the obtained plants were divided into five groups. Colchicine concentrations 0.3% and 0.4% during 48 hours of the treatment had a disastrous impact on the development of germs. As a result of the cytological analysis, tetraploids and chimeras were revealed, which were obtained from the seeds from the open pollination of Orlik and Svezhest (treatment variants – 0,1% colchicines solution and 24 and 48 hours of exposition), as well as from the seeds obtained as a result of the Svezhest × Bolotovskoye crossing. Tetraploids had a normal growth but they differed in large leaves, while chimeras were of low size with normal leaves and internodes.

Placental Therapy as Panacea: An Insight to Its Therapeutic Potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed Md Mumtaz ◽  
Madhu Gupta ◽  
Ramesh K. Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Clinical Potential ◽  
Placental Extract

Abstract:: The placenta that maintains and regulates the growth of fetus, consists of various biological treasures nutrients such as cytomedines, vitamins, trace elements, amino acids, peptides, growth factors and other biologically active constituents. Their therapeutic usefulness can well define in the terms of biochemical mechanisms of various components present in it. Biomedical waste derived extract is also a panacea for treatment of various diseases. Placental therapy has been reported specifically to have potent action on recovery of diseases and tissue regeneration. Placental bioactive components and their multi targeting identity prompted us to compile the précised information on placental extract products. However, some findings are needed to be explored by scientific community to prove their clinical potential with clinically significant statistical conclusions. In the light of available information and the usefulness of the placental extract, it is necessary for the development of various formulations for various unmet meet for the treatment as well as access their adverse effects as well as contradictions and precisely evaluated in the short and in the long-term periods.

scholarly journals A New Integrated Approach for Municipal Landfill Siting Based on Urban Physical Growth Prediction: A Case Study Mashhad Metropolis in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 949
Author(s):  
Salman Qureshi ◽  
Saman Nadizadeh Shorabeh ◽  
Najmeh Neysani Samany ◽  
Foad Minaei ◽  
Mehdi Homaee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Markov Chain Method ◽  
Physical Expansion ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
The City

Due to irregular and uncontrolled expansion of cities in developing countries, currently operational landfill sites cannot be used in the long-term, as people will be living in proximity to these sites and be exposed to unhygienic circumstances. Hence, this study aims at proposing an integrated approach for determining suitable locations for landfills while considering their physical expansion. The proposed approach utilizes the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) to weigh the sets of identified landfill location criteria. Furthermore, the weighted linear combination (WLC) approach was applied for the elicitation of the proper primary locations. Finally, the support vector machine (SVM) and cellular automation-based Markov chain method were used to predict urban growth. To demonstrate the applicability of the developed approach, it was applied to a case study, namely the city of Mashhad in Iran, where suitable sites for landfills were identified considering the urban growth in different geographical directions for this city by 2048. The proposed approach could be of use for policymakers, urban planners, and other decision-makers to minimize uncertainty arising from long-term resource allocation.

scholarly journals A Transformation of the Approach to Evaluating a Region’s Investment Attractiveness as a Consequence of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Economies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Dmitriy G. Rodionov ◽  
Evgenii A. Konnikov ◽  
Magomedgusen N. Nasrutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
World Order ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Regional Environment ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status

The global COVID-19 pandemic has caused a transformation of virtually all aspects of the world order today. Due to the introduction of the world quarantine, a considerable share of professional communications has been transformed into a format of distance interaction. As a result, the specific weight of traditional components of the investment attractiveness of a region is steadily going down, because modern business can be built without the need for territorial unity. It should be stated that now the criteria according to which investors decide if they are ready to invest in a region are dynamically transforming. The significance of the following characteristics is increasingly growing: the sustainable development of a region, qualities of the social environment, and consistency of the social infrastructure. Thus, the approaches to evaluating the region’s investment attractiveness must be transformed. Moreover, the investment process at the federal level involves the determination of target areas of regional development. Despite the universal significance of innovative development, the region can develop much more dynamically when a complex external environment is formed that complements its development model. Interregional interaction, as well as an integrated approach to innovative development, taking into account not only the momentary effect, but also the qualitative long-term transformation of the region, will significantly increase the return on investment. At the same time, the currently existing methods for assessing the investment attractiveness of the region are usually heuristic in nature and are not universal. The heuristic nature of the existing methods does not allow to completely abstract from the subjectivity of the researcher. Moreover, the existing methods do not take into account the cyclical properties of the innovative development of the region, which lead to the formation of a long-term effect from the transformation of the regional environment. This study is aimed at forming a comprehensive methodology that can be used to evaluate the investment attractiveness of a certain region and conclude about the lines of business that should be developed in it as well as to find ways to increase the region’s investment attractiveness. According to the results of the study, a comprehensive methodology was formed to evaluate the region’s investment attractiveness. It consists of three key indicators, namely, the level of the region’s investment attractiveness, the projected level of the region’s investment attractiveness, and the development vector of the region’s investment attractiveness. This methodology is based on a set of indicators that consider the status of the economic and social environment of the region, as well as the status of the innovative and ecological environment. The methodology can be used to make multi-dimensional conclusions both about the growth areas responsible for increasing the region’s innovative attractiveness and the lines of business that should be developed in the region.

Long-term Clinical Results of Carpal Tunnel Release Using Ultrasound Guidance

Hand ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 155894472098808
Author(s):  
Braeden M. Leiby ◽  
John P. Beckman ◽  
Anthony E. Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Ultrasound Guidance ◽  
Carpal Tunnel Release ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Satisfaction Score ◽  
Global Satisfaction ◽  
Us Guidance ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the long-term safety and efficacy of carpal tunnel release (CTR) using ultrasound guidance in a group of patients treated by a single physician. Methods: The study group consisted of 76 consecutive CTRs performed on 47 patients between June 2017 and April 2019 for whom 1-year follow-up was available. All procedures were performed by the same operator using a single CTR technique. Outcomes included complications; Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire symptom severity (BCTQ-SSS) and functional status (BCTQ-FSS) scores; Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QDASH) scores; and a 5-point global satisfaction score (4 = satisfied, 5 = very satisfied). Results: The 47 patients included 27 females and 20 males (ages 31-91 years). Twenty-five patients (50 hands) had simultaneous bilateral CTRs, 4 patients (8 hands) had staged bilateral CTRs, and 18 patients had unilateral CTRs. No complications occurred. Statistically and clinically significant reductions in BCTQ-SSS, BCTQ-FSS, and QDASH scores occurred by 1 to 2 weeks post-CTR and persisted at 1-year (mean 1-year changes vs. pre-CTR -2.11, -1.70, and -44.99, respectively; P < .001 for all). The mean global satisfaction score at 1-year was 4.63. Conclusions: CTR using ultrasound (US) guidance is a safe and effective procedure that produces statistically and clinically significant improvements within 1 to 2 weeks postprocedure that persist to 1 year. Furthermore, simultaneous bilateral CTRs using US guidance are feasible and may be advantageous for patients who are candidates for bilateral CTR.

scholarly journals LifePlanning: A Better Retirement Planning Option for Our Times

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 111-112
Author(s):  
Rajiv Nagaich ◽  
Carol Redfield ◽  
Ben Harvill
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Care ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Retirement Planning ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Investment Returns ◽  
The Many ◽  
In The Beginning

Abstract Ten thousand turn 65 daily. Majority look forward to retiring in the beginning and then become afraid of outcomes they often hear about- dealing with institutional care, becoming a burden, or running out of money. This is not because retirees do not plan, but despite of having planned their entire life for retirement. Many employers provide financial retirement planning such as a 401K plan. Individuals have relied on employee benefit plans to ready themselves, yet few are “very confident” about it. Two-thirds of retirees say their most recent employers did “nothing” to help them transition into retirement; 16% are “not sure” what their employers did. Many may be overlooking important factors in their strategies. Among retirees who currently have a retirement strategy, 85% have factored Social Security and Medicare benefits into their strategy. Most have included on-going living expenses (79%), total savings and income needs (57%) into their plan. Fewer than half have considered other critical factors (e.g., investment returns, ongoing healthcare costs, inflation, long-term care needs, tax planning, etc.). Only 9% have contingency plans for retiring sooner than expected and/or savings shortfalls. The truth is that education offered by employers tends to be traditional planning advice, which may not be enough to address the concerns retirees will have in retirement. To this, we introduce a multi-disciplinary LifePlanning Framework which takes a wholistic, integrated approach in addressing the many complex issues of retirement found in health, housing, finance, legal, and family. Our results may impact future practice, research, and policy.

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