scholarly journals Etiopathogenesis of internal and external genital endometriosis (evolution of views)

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-239
Author(s):  
V A Pechenikova ◽  
R A Akopyan
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Therapy ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Invasive Growth ◽  
Retrograde Menstruation ◽  
Primary Dysfunction ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Mesenchymal Transformation ◽  
Derivatives Of

The etiology and pathogenesis of endometriosis and adenomyosis, as well as their interrelations, are not fully understood and are the subject of discussions and research. The question remains whether the endometriosis and adenomyosis are different diseases, or they represent different phenotypes of the same pathology. Considerations are given about the etiopathogenesis of these diseases, which existed in different years. It is now recognized that endometrioid heterotopias in adenomyosis and endometriosis are derivatives of the basal layer of the endometrium - endometrial stem cell. There are three possible ways of spreading the stem cells of the basal layer of the endometrium, leading to the formation of foci of endometriosis and adenomyosis: retrograde cast into the abdominal cavity with menstrual blood, invasive growth in myometrium due to the mechanism of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and disruption of the endometrium and myometrium connection zone, and neonatal bleeding. Thus, the mechanisms of the appearance of foci of endometriosis in various organs and tissues are quite diverse and are associated with the primary dysfunction of the endometrium itself, retrograde menstruation, pathological regeneration accompanied by epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, as well as pathological changes in the endometrium and myometrium connection zone, neonatal bleeding. The severity of the clinical course of endometriosis, the frequency of relapse after surgical treatment, the effectiveness of conservative therapy, and the overcoming of infertility are probably due to the mechanism of development of this pathology in each specific case.

Racjonalne przesłanki do wyłączenia nerwiakowłókniakowatości z rodziny RASopatii i fakomatoz – podstawy projektu zarządzania chorobą w ramach koordynowanej opieki medycznej

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek W. Karwacki
Keyword(s):  
Rare Diseases ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Monogenic Disorders ◽  
Café Au Lait Spots ◽  
Legius Syndrome ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy ◽  
The Subject

Term neurofibromatoses (NF) comprises three distinct medical entities of different clinical course with overlapping symptomatology and different molecular pathology. NF-1 and its allelic and mosaic forms is one of the most frequent monogenic disorders and together with Legius syndrome belongs to RASopathies. Remaining two, NF-2 and schwannomatosis (NF-3), are ultra-rare diseases and do not belong to RASopathies. Symptomatology, diagnostic and therapeutic requirements as well as complications of NF course are so different from those observed in other RASopathies and phacomatoses, that neurofibromatoses should constitute a separate classification group with distinct program of care. The crucial argument behind this thesis is that NFs are primary neoplasia syndromes, as benign tumors arise in all patients lifelong and a risk of malignancy significantly exceed populational risk in NF patients. Primary diagnostic problems, especially in small children with multiple cafè-au-lait spots required differentiation among almost 80 clinical entities, divers tumors and potential malignancies, varied multiorgan oncological and non-oncological complications of disease course, warrant not only complex multi-specialty consultations and comprehensive supervision, but the coordinated medical care in general. Proofs confirming title’s thesis are the subject of this article.

scholarly journals Echinococcal fluid toxicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1074-1074
Author(s):  
I. Tsimkhes
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Derivatives Of

To determine the toxicity of the constituent parts of this liquid, A.S. Brodsky (Tr. I Congress of Khir. North Caucasus. Territory) performed a number of experiments on guinea pigs, injecting them into the abdominal cavity, in an amount of 30 to Art., Solutions of amber acid, filtered echinococcal fluid, whole liquid and suspension from the fruit layer of echinococcus. The author was convinced that the toxicity of the echinococcal fluid is generally insignificant and depends on the derivatives of the fruit layer of the parasite in the liquid, with the living fruit layer and its derivatives being the most toxic.

scholarly journals Peritoneal endometriosis and infertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-72
Author(s):  
Е. K. Ailamazyan ◽  
G. A. Savitsky ◽  
D. А. Niauri ◽  
S. M. Gorbushin
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Ovarian Failure ◽  
Endometrial Receptivity ◽  
Proliferative Potential ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Retrograde Menstruation ◽  
Peritoneal Endometriosis ◽  
Uterine Infertility

Peritoneal endometriosis and infertility in most of patients (in 80%) are pathogenetically conjugated. Both peritoneal endometriosis and infertility are based in ovarian failure. These women have a low endometrial receptivity for blastocysts implantation (retardation development of glands, vessels, and stroma; changes in the microrelief of the epithelium). Even at the beginning of the menstruation patients with peritoneal endometriosis and infertility have cells with a great adhesive and proliferative potential in the endometrium. This kind of cells have an ability for long autonomous existence. Ovarian failure in these women is a promotion factor for development of the retrograde menstruation. In these conditions the endometrial cells with adhesive potential are frequently bringing in the abdominal cavity. Active endometrium heterotopias support the ovarian failure and create conditions for uterine infertility (implantation disorders).

scholarly journals Specific features of the adhesion process of the abdominal cavity in children with different degrees of connective tissue dysplasia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-389
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Minaev ◽  
Sergey I. Timofeev ◽  
Alina N. Grigorova ◽  
Oksana V. Vladimirova ◽  
Elena I. Pashneva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Type Iii Collagen ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim. To assess adhesions of the abdominal cavity in children with varying degrees of connective tissue dysplasia (CTD) severity. Methods. A total of 91 children with average age of 10.6 1.4 years were observed from 2005 to 2019. Composed of 53 boys (58.2%) and 38 girls (41.8%). Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (69 children without CTD) and group 2 (22 children with CTD). Clinical data and screening cards were used to diagnose DST. All patients underwent an assessment for the clinical course, a macroscopic visual assessment adhesive process severity in the abdominal cavity according to three different scales (Nair, F. Coccolini, N.I. Ayushinova). Immunohistochemistry was performed against collagen I, III, IV type, Laminin 1, angiogenesis factors, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-), and Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 (FGFR1). A semi-quantitative counting method was used to record the relative number of immunopositive structures. Statistical analysis was carried out by methods of variation statistics using the Chi-square test and MannWhitney U-tests, as well as the Spearman rank correlation method for the reliability of differences between groups. Results. In the adhesive process visualization, the N.I. Ayushinov scale was revealed to be the most informative, showing the average score of 7 0.8 points in group 2 and 14 1.2 in group 1 (rs 0.35; p 0.05). In group 2, the adhesive material showed no (56%) or chaotic fragments (44%) of type I collagen, and the ratio of type I to type III collagen is 2.7: 5.1. In group 1, the ratio of type I to type III collagen is 5.9:1.8. The ratio of collagen IV to type I is 6.5: 2.9. Both groups have a moderate (++) amount of TGF-. TGF- is positive with macrophages. FGFR1 was found in the control group (++++). A positive response was seen in fibroblasts and macrophages (U = 79.00; p = 0.006). Statistically significant analyzes of vascular endothelial growth factor in compared groups (rs = 0.632, p 0.001) had a positive correlation.. Conclusion. Thus, the study showed features of clinical course and morphological changes during the development of adhesions in the abdominal cavity in children with varying degrees of severity of CTD. Data obtained dictate the need for an individual approach in predicting adhesive disease, as well as targeted preventive care.

scholarly journals The Point-Rating Scale for Determining Treatment Tactics in Patients With Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-308
Author(s):  
B. V. Sigua ◽  
V. P. Zemlyanoy ◽  
B. P. Filenko ◽  
P. A. Kotkov ◽  
D. Kh. Kalandarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Conservative Therapy ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Point Rating Scale ◽  
Adhesive Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Therapy Success

Relevance. The most practiced method of treating patients with acute intestinal obstruction - urgent surgical intervention - does not guarantee remission, contributing to the progression of morphological changes in the abdominal cavity. From this perspective, a shift in emphasis towards the planned surgical treatment of patients with adhesive disease with the use of the existing anti-adhesive methods after conservative resolution of the intestinal passage disorders looks like a promising direction.Aim of the study. Improving the results of patients with acute adhesive intestinal obstruction treatment by developing a point-rating scale that allows to highlight groups of patients who are prone to conservative resolution of intestinal passage disorders episode, and, thereby, reduces the proportion of urgent interventions.Material and methods. The analysis of the 125 patients treatment results (retrospective group) admitted with symptoms of acute adhesive intestinal obstruction was carried out. On this basis, the point-rating scale was developed including a number of factors that have certain value in terms of predicting the probability of conservative therapy success. Subsequently the developed scale was applied in 170 patients (prospective group) as part of treatment tactics implementation aimed at maximally conservative resolution of adhesive intestinal obstruction without negative effect on the immediate results of patients operated in later periods.Results. The developed point-rating scale made it possible to reduce the frequency of urgent interventions among patients with signs of acute adhesive intestinal obstruction (from 79.2% to 57.6%) due to longer conservative measures — 18.1±17.2 and 11,2±8.7 hours in prospective and retrospective groups, respectively). There was no negative impact on the frequency of resection interventions (12.2 and 16.1% in the prospective and retrospective groups) as well as postoperative complications and overall mortality.Conclusions. The developed point-assessment scale made it possible to stratify patients in accordance with the probability of conservative therapy success and to justify its continuation for more than 12 hours in low-risk patients. The obtained results allow us to recommend the proposed scale for use in clinical practice. 

Strangulation in Childhood: Epidemiology and Clinical Course

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1079-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth W. Feldman ◽  
Roy J. Simms
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Course ◽  
Product Safety ◽  
Cerebral Injury ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Patient Counseling ◽  
Consumer Product Safety Commission ◽  
Neurologic Recovery ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Design Defects ◽  
Patterns Of Injury

A review of 233 cases of childhood strangulation was made to determine injury epidemiology. Consistent patterns of injury were observed. Crib and playground equipment strangulations are already the subject of Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) preventative regulations. High chair-, playpen mesh-, pacifier cord-, and clothing-related injuries would be amenable to prevention by improved product safety regulation. The CPSC has been petitioned to remedy the first two of these hazards. Many crib and rope strangulations can only be prevented by direct patient counseling. Although Congress empowered and required the CPSC to recognize and correct unsafe products, its surveillance systems may obscure the very design defects that cause injury. Likewise, political considerations may slow enactment of new design regulations. Physicians who treat childhood accident victims are in a position to recognize hazardous products and lobby for their improvement. Of the 233 cases 38 were further evaluated to delineate the clinical course of childhood strangulation. Victims who fail to resume normal cardiopulmonary function by the time of hospitalization have a poor prognosis for neurologic recovery with current modes of therapy. Improved treatment of hypoxic and ischemic cerebral injury might prevent some of the deaths and handicaps resulting from strangulation.

scholarly journals The trypanocidal action of some derivatives of anil and styryl quinoline

1929 ◽  
Vol 105 (735) ◽  
pp. 99-111 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Therapeutic Action ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Similar Treatment ◽  
Loss Of Weight ◽  
Experimentelle Therapie ◽  
Therapeutic Results ◽  
The Subject ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Derivatives Of

The powerful antiseptic action of certain basic derivatives of anil and styryl quinoline formed the subject of previous communications. The present communication is concerned with the action of a number of these substances on trypanosome infections. They constitute new types of trypanocidal agents, and in the case of certain members of the styryl series a high degree of effectiveness is attained. Biological Section . Method of Testing Therapeutic Action.—Mice infected with T. brucei were used for this purpose. They were inoculated with a suspension in saline of the blood of an infected mouse containing abundant parasites. The course of the infection was regular; on the day following inoculation the blood showed scanty trypanosomes which increased in numbers progressively, and death of the animal occurred as a rule about 72 hours was observed only very rarely. In the course of the investigation three strains of T. brucei were used, viz., Prowazek's strain obtained from the Institut für Experimentelle Therapie, Frankfurt a. Main, and two strains furnished at different times by Prof. Mesnil, Institut Pasteur, Paris, and designated Ehrlich's ferox . Care was taken to ascertain, as far as possible, by the use of standard therapeutic agents, such as arsacetin tryparosan, trypaflavin, trypanblue, and Bayer 205, that the therapeutic, results obtained with the respective strains were closely similar. Treatment was as a rule instituted on the day following inoculation, when scanty parasites were present in the blood, and consisted of a subcutaneous injection of the concentration stated in the table, in the proportion of 1 c. c. per 20 grams of body weight. To begin with a dose was chosen which approximated to the largest amount borne in uninfected animals without producing toxic effects, e. g ., loss of weight, and when only one dose is shown in the table it is this which is indicated. The blood was then examined daily for a month and at intervals afterwards for at lease 2 to 3 months before cure was recorded. The most effective substance were also tested in the chronic trypanosomiasis produced by T. brucei in rabbits.

Pancreatic Fistulae after Urologic Surgery - A Single Centre Experience

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Nestler ◽  
Andreas Neisius ◽  
Frederik Roos ◽  
Christian Hampel ◽  
Peter Rubenwolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Fistula ◽  
Urothelial Cancer ◽  
Conservative Therapy ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Urologic Surgery ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Single Centre Experience ◽  
Choice Of Treatment ◽  
Recurrent Malignancy

Introduction: To evaluate incidence, symptoms and management of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) after urologic surgery based on our experience. Material and Methods: Database was searched for clinically evident POPF after urologic surgery between 1998 and 2014. Fistulae were graded using the POPF classification. Clinical course of every POPF patient was evaluated. Results: During this time, 3,200 surgeries for renal, adrenal and retroperitoneal pathologies were performed. Twelve POPF occurred postoperatively in this series. Eight fistulae were POPF grade A, 3 POPF grade B and one POPF grade C. POPF became clinically evident after a median of 3 days (IQR 2-3). In all POPF grade A/B patients, secretion from the pancreatic fistula completely subsided under conservative therapy. In one POPF grade C patient with positive surgical margins of urothelial cancer, conservative treatment failed and the patient died due to POPF-related sepsis. Conclusions: POPF is a rare complication after urologic surgery. Conservative therapy is the first choice of treatment and will be successful in the majority of cases. Pancreatic fistula after surgery of recurrent malignancy may have a poor outcome.

scholarly journals II. On the interchange of the variables in certain linear differential operators

1890 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 19-51
Keyword(s):  
Differential Operators ◽  
The Self ◽  
Differential Invariants ◽  
Linear Differential Operators ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Functional Differential ◽  
Linear Differential ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Single Relation

The operators to be considered, include or involve all those which have presented themselves as annihilators and generators in recent theories of functional differential invariants, reciprocants, cyclicants, &c. The general form of the binary operators, operators whose arguments are the derivatives of one dependent with regard to one independent variable, which I propose first to consider, is adopted in accordance with that used in two remarkable papers by Major MacMahon. They are his operators in four elements. The analogous ternary operators to which I subsequently devote attention, are distinct from his operators of six elements. Their arguments are the partial derivatives of one of three variables, supposed connected by a single relation, with regard to the two others. The only'previous contribution, of which I am aware, to the subject of the reversion of MacMahon operators, is a paper by Professor L. J. Rogers, in which he obtains the operator reciprocal to { μ, v ; 1, 1}, and alludes to the self reciprocal property of V which is expressed with more precision in (38) below.

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