scholarly journals The diagnostic value of indicators of acid-forming and pepsinoguena functions of the stomach in the detection of precancerous changes of the gastric mucosa in patients with chronic gastritis

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 72-75
Author(s):  
I M Pavlovich ◽  
G A Alper ◽  
A V Gordienko
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Intestinal Metaplasia ◽  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Chronic Gastritis ◽  
Chronic Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Low Activity

It was found that in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis, low gastric secretory functions are present in the localization of atrophy in the mucous membrane of the body of the stomach with a tendency to decrease in indices as the degree of atrophy increases and are not associated with the presence of disregenerative changes in the gastric mucosa (intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia). Reduced levels of pepsin in gastric juice and reduced levels of pepsinogen in the mucous membrane of the body of the stomach reliably reflect the presence of severe atrophy of the mucous membrane of the body of the stomach. However, neither the concentration of pepsinogen in the tissues of the mucous membrane of the body of the stomach nor the level of pepsin in the gastric juice make it possible to differentiate the degree of atrophy of the gastric mucosa. The most profound disregenerative changes in gastric mucosa such as colonic metaplasia or dysplasia were detected, accordingly in 18,4 and 10,5% of patients. The presence of intestinal metaplasia or dysplasia causes a low activity of pepsinogen-pepsin. It worth noting that in case of the presence of intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia there is a significant difference between indicators of the concentration of pepsinogen-pepsin and those at patients with chronic gastritis, but without disregenerative changes of the mucous membrane. Also was found an association between the severity of disregenerative changes in the gastric mucosa and the degree of the reduction of pepsin-forming function.

scholarly journals Statistical analysis of the сhronic gastritis in students

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 360-364
Author(s):  
Aleksandr V. Kharchenko ◽  
Nataliya V. Kharchenko ◽  
Petro M. Makarenko ◽  
Lyudmyla M. Sakharova ◽  
Pavlo V. Khomenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Chronic Gastritis ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
The Body ◽  
Leukocyte Infiltration ◽  
Lesser Curvature

The aim: The aim of the study is a statistical analysis of the mucosa of the stomach affected by Helicobacter pylori in young people studying at the university. Materials and methods: The work contains the results of the study of chronic gastritis of type B in university volunteer students. The study was attended by students of 1-4 courses, aged 17 to 25 years, a total of 50 people. Among them were 28 men and 22 women. Results: Various forms of chronic gastritis were found in the mucosa of the topographic-anatomical sections of the stomach, 90% of which were associated with Helicobacter pylori (HP). In all departments there is a different amount of common forms of chronic gastritis. In the pyloric section only atrophic gastritis was detected – 31.0 ± 8.5. Atrophic gastritis was also dominant on the lesser curvature – 32.3 ± 7.8, but its forms were significantly (p <0.5) less pronounced than in the pyloric section. In the area of the body, the above variants of chronic gastritis were found in 34.3 ± 8.7 cases, and the majority were flat erosive gastritis 51.0 ± 9.3. There is a tendency to reduce the degree of bacterial contamination of the gastric mucosa from its pyloric section and the lesser curvature to the walls of the body. With a decrease in the degree of bacterial contamination of the gastric mucosa, the degree of leukocyte infiltration also decreases. Between the degree of contamination of the mucous membrane of Helicobacter pylori and the degree of leukocyte infiltration of the mucous membrane, the Pearson correlation coefficient is rxy – 0,935, the correlation is very strong, the coefficient of determination is D=rxy^2 – 0,874, the statistically significant dependence on the probability is 0.99. Conclusions: Atrophic or hyperplastic gastritis associated with HP is found in the gastric mucosa, respectively, 90% of cases. The degree of bacterial contamination correlates with the degree of leukocyte infiltration of the gastric mucosa. Atrophic or hyperplastic gastritis Helicobacter pylori-associated is a common disease of people in young and working age.

scholarly journals The stomach as the target organ of celiac disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Valeria P. Novikova ◽  
Natalia S. Shapovalova ◽  
Maria O. Revnova ◽  
Valentina F. Melnikova ◽  
Sergey V. Lapin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Chronic Gastritis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

The aim of this study was to observe the features of chronic gastritis in children with celiac disease (СD). Materials and methods. 176 children with chronic gastritis (CG) aged from 3 to 16 years were examined. Group I consisted 58 child ren with CG and newly diagnosed CD not adherent to the gluten-free diet (GFD), group II consisted 49 children with CG and CD, adherent to the GFD. In the group III of comparisons were 69 children with CG and excluded CD. The exa mination included serological, morphological methods to confirm or exclude CD. The histological examination of the biopsy specimens of the gastric mucosa, the determination of antiparietal antibodies by the method of iIFR and ELISA (antibodies to Castle’s intrinsic factor and Anti-H+/K+ ATPase antibodies) were carried out. Results. Helicobacter pylori infection was diagnosed in vast majority of patients in all groups. Autoantibodies to the gastric mucosa were found in every tenth patient in groups I and III, and did not occur in group II. In group II statistically significant the etiology of gastritis remained not determined. Endoscopically the gastric mucosa in groups I and II often remained intact. Accor ding to the morphological study in groups I and II, the pathological process was more often localized in the body of the stomach, and in group III in the antrum. Autoimmune gastritis is presented in groups without a statistically significant difference. Conclusion. Chronic gastritis is a frequent co-morbid pathology in СD, and it is also not uncommon in these patients. Data of endoscopy in children, regardless of diet, does not reflect the complete picture of CG. All children with CD, regardless of compliance with GFD, are recommended to take biopsy specimens of the gastric mucosa for histological examination in order to exclude CG, and in case of detecting atrophic changes in the gastric mucosa to define the antiparietal antibodies.

Experimental inoculation of day-old ducks with Brachyspira pilosicoli and B. alvinipulli

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ákos Thuma ◽  
Ádám Dán ◽  
Éva Kaszanyitzky ◽  
Béla Fazekas ◽  
Ádám Tóth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Brachyspira Pilosicoli ◽  
Significant Difference

Two groups of one-day-old Peking ducklings (Groups I and II, 12 birds/group) were inoculated orally withBrachyspira pilosicoliand two groups withB. alvinipulli(Groups III and IV, 12 birds/group). T-2 toxin was added to the feed of Groups II and IV in a dose of 1 mg/kg of feed. Groups V and VI served as uninfected control groups (ducks of Group VI received T-2 toxin). The body weight gain of the ducks was measured and clinical signs were monitored continuously. The birds were sacrificed and necropsied on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 post infection (PI). The liver, spleen, kidney, thymus, bursa of Fabricius, ileum, caecum and colon were examined histologically. Culturing ofBrachyspiraspp. and immunohistochemistry were performed from the sampled parts of the intestines as well. No gross pathological or histological lesions that could be associated withB. pilosicoliorB. alvinipulliwere detectable in the intestinal mucous membrane including the colonised intestinal glands. Mortality did not occur during the experimental period. Decrease in body weight gain was significant in the T-2-toxin-treated groups, and it was slight (not significant) in theBrachyspira-infected groups. Crust on the beaks, necrosis, crusting and ulceration in the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and on the skin of the feet, atrophy of the thymus and bursa of Fabricius due to the effect of T-2 toxin, accompanied by lymphocyte depletion, were observed. These lesions were most prominent on days 14 and 21 PI but were seen on day 28 PI as well. Immunohistochemical detection and reisolation ofB. pilosicoliandB. alvinipulliwere successful on days 7, 14, 21 and 28 days from different segments of the intestine of certain birds, but no significant difference was observed in the colonisation rate between the T-2-toxin-treated and the untreated groups.

scholarly journals Chronic gastritis and precancerous diseases of the stomach: Is there a chance of a correct diagnosis?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-102
Author(s):  
Aleksandr V. Tryapitsyn ◽  
Vladimir A. Malkov ◽  
Emil M. Gasanov ◽  
Ilya Belyakov
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Intestinal Metaplasia ◽  
Chronic Gastritis ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Autoimmune Gastritis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Almost All

AIM: The purpose of the study is to investigate the occurrence of the main forms of chronic gastritis, metaplastic and dysplastic changes in the gastric mucosa, the degree of their severity, and to assess their potential risk for the development of gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 2982 patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy with a standard biopsy of the gastric mucosa for morphological assessment and bacterioscopy. If autoimmune gastritis was suspected, an additional serological diagnosis was performed. When detecting intestinal metaplasia of the gastric mucosa as well as neoplastic changes according to the histological report, the description of this report was analyzed in order to identify possible equivalents in the macroscopic description of the mucous membrane. RESULTS: Out of 2982 histological studies of gastric mucosa biopsies, 1273 cases (42.7%) were found to contain H. pylori contamination. In 726 cases (24.3%), intestinal metaplasia. 66 biopsies (2.21%) showed the presence of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia of the mucosa, 2 biopsies showed indeterminate neoplasia and 4 biopsies showed high-grade neoplasia. In 3 out of the total number of the samples, intravascular gastric adenocarcinoma was detected. In 168 cases (5.6%), gastritis was detected with predominant inflammation of the fundal region characteristic of autoimmune gastritis. In 286 biopsies (10.6%), inflammatory and/or atrophic changes and/or metaplastic changes were preserved, which, as a rule, did not have high activity and pronounced inflammation. In the remaining 1279 cases (42.9%), there was no significant inflammation or atrophic changes. The analysis of endoscopic findings showed that the detectability of intestinal metaplasia of the gastric mucosa without a biopsy study was 13.3%. DISCUSSION OF THE RESULTS: According to the results of the conducted research and analysis, it can be stated that at present, the correct diagnosis of chronic gastritis with the establishment of the etiological factor, prognosis and risks of stomach cancer development is practically not feasible within the modern health care system. This not only deprives a doctor of the opportunity to make a correct diagnosis and prescribe adequate treatment to a patient, but also makes almost all cascades of carcinogenesis, including early cancer, invisible.

The fluctuations of melatonin and copeptin levels in blood serum, during surgical stress regarding the pediatric population.

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Dragoumi ◽  
Dimitrios Dragoumis ◽  
Sotirios Karatzoglou ◽  
Ioannis Spiridakis ◽  
Areti Chitoglou-Makedou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Stress ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3

Introduction: Copeptin is known to be associated with heart damage, while melatonin is a regulatory hormone associated with circadian rhythm and represents the levels of inflammation in the body. Methods and patients: The aim of the study was to measure in different surgeries the levels of copeptin and melatonin at different times before and after surgery in 56 patients aged from 5 days to 13.6 years. We measured copeptin in 50-microL serum and plasma samples from patients before surgery, immediately after surgery, and 24 hours after surgery. The measured levels are aligned with the published GC / MS data and the sensitivity of the analysis is such that serum and plasma levels can only be measured by rapid extraction. The measurement was made before surgery, immediately after surgery and 24 hours after surgery. Results: The multifactorial statistical analysis revealed a statistically significant difference between the 24-hour postoperative copeptin values in group 1 (mild-moderate gravity surgery) and group 2 (severe surgery) of the severity of the surgery. Post-hoc tests with Tukey correction for age groups in multiple comparisons of multifactorial analysis revealed a statistically significant difference (p <0.05) between 24-hour postoperative melatonin values in age group 3 (3-6 years) and 5 (6-12 years old). The age group 3 showed significantly (p <0.05) lower 24 hours postoperative melatonin values compared to the age group 5 (6-12 years). Again, these 3-6 year olds were more likely to have inflammation due to the severity of the surgery and the presence of inflammation after the surgery. Discussion: In summary, copeptin is a reliable biomarker for assessing a patient's health both preoperatively and postoperatively. Copeptin and melatonin are two independent agents and are not related to each other, and more studies will be needed with more patients of the same age and with the same underlying disease to assess their diagnostic value. Finally, melatonin could be considered an indicator of inflammation on its own and based on pre- and post-surgery values to assess a patient's health status and take appropriate actions.

Frequency of gene hMLH1 promoter methylation in the stomach antral and body area tissue of chronic atrophic pangastritis patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Kupčinskaitė-Noreikienė ◽  
Dainius Jančiauskas ◽  
Elona Juozaitytė
Keyword(s):  
Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
Cpg Island ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Chronic Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test

Aim. To compare hMLH1 methylation frequency in stomach antral and body area tissue in chronic atrophic pangastritis patients, and to evaluate possible correlation severity of chronic atrophic gastritis markers. Methods. The study population consisted of 24 participants (with histologically confirmed chronic atrophic pangastritis), who underwent upper endoscopy. Biopsy specimens were taken from the gastric antral and body area. The methylation status of the gene hMlH1 was investigated. Results. Methylation of the CpG island of gene hMLH1 was found in the antral stomach area group 9/24, compared with the body area 2/24. There was a significant difference in gene methylation frequencies in the observed stomach parts (Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.04). There was a significant association between gene hMLH1 methylation and the occurrence of severe atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia and the presence of hyperplastic mucosal changes (Fisher’s exact test, p 

Ascorbic acid: a factor concentrated in human gastric juice

1989 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Rathbone ◽  
A. W. Johnson ◽  
Judith I. Wyatt ◽  
J. Kelleher ◽  
R. V. Heatley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Chronic Gastritis ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Gastric Biopsy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Human Gastric Juice ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Inactive Form

1. Concentrations of ascorbic acid (ascorbic and dehydro-ascorbic; A+D; measured by the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine method) of nearly three times those of plasma are present in gastric juice samples from patients with normal gastric histology. 2. A significant reduction in gastric juice ascorbic acid (A+D) was observed in patients with chronic gastritis. This reduction in concentration was independent of the grade of gastritis. 3. Concentrations of ascorbic acid (A+D) in gastric biopsy specimens were consistently higher in the antrum than in the body of the stomach. 4. These data demonstrate that considerable quantities of ascorbic acid (A+D) are normally ‘secreted’ into the stomach. 5. Ascorbic acid (ascorbic only; A; measured by h.p.l.c.) was present predominantly in its biologically active form in the patients with normal gastric histology. However, in patients with gastritis, independent of grade, ascorbic acid was present predominantly in its oxidized, biologically inactive form.

scholarly journals Systemic and local immune responses againstHelicobacter pylori urease in patients with chronic gastritis: distinct IgA and IgG productive sites

Gut ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Futagami ◽  
H Takahashi ◽  
Y Norose ◽  
M Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Chronic Gastritis ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
H Pylori

Background—Helicobacter pylori urease is a major target for immune responses among various bacterial components in H pyloriinfected patients.Aims—To analyse the relation between systemic and local humoral immune responses toH pylori urease and grades of chronic gastritis.Patients—Seventy five patients with chronic gastritis associated with H pyloriinfection were classified into three groups (grade I, superficial gastritis; II, atrophic gastritis, quiescent; or III, atrophic gastritis, active).Methods—Anti-H pylori urease specific antibodies in the serum, gastric juice, and biopsy specimens were determined by ELISA or western blotting analysis. The sites for H pylori urease and its specific antibody producing B lymphocytes were confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis.Results—In the sera of patients with grade I gastritis, weak IgG but relatively strong IgA responses toH pylori urease were observed; dominant strong IgG responses were detected in grade II gastritis. In grade III gastritis, significant IgG and IgA responses were obtained. A similar pattern of IgA and IgG responses was detected in gastric juice and tissue. H pylori urease specific, antibody producing B cells were not found in the gastric mucosa of patients with grade I gastritis despite the presence of such B cells in the duodenal bulb. Specific B cells were observed in the gastric mucosa of patients with grade II and III gastritis with atrophy.Conclusions—PurifiedH pylori urease, together with localisation of its specific antibody producing B cells, are useful for serological testing and histopathological analysis for determining the stage of chronic gastritis and studying the pathogenesis ofH pylori infection.

scholarly journals Histopathological Features of the Gastric Mucosa in Patients with Chronic Gastritis and Helicobacter pylori Infection at Pertamina Central Hospital Jakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Fathi Rahmah Safira ◽  
Sugiarto Sugiarto
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Intestinal Metaplasia ◽  
Chronic Gastritis ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
Epithelial Dysplasia ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Central Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Microscopic Appearance

Background: Chronic gastritis is a chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa, accompanied by changes in mucosal histology with or without Helicobacter pylori infection. Changes in the gastric mucosa include gastric mucosal atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, and epithelial dysplasia. Purposes: This study aims to determine the microscopic appearance of the mucosa in chronic gastritis patients based on standard histopathological criteria, which include gland atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia with or without Helicobacter pylori infection at Pertamina Central Hospital Jakarta period 2018 - 2019. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in a cross-sectional study from March 15 to March 25, 2020. Results: This study reported 303 cases of active chronic gastritis (38.4%) out of 790 total samples that met the inclusion criteria. Microscopic changes of the mucosa were found in the form of atrophy of the mucous glands in 254 cases (32.2%), intestinal metaplasia in 25 cases (3.2%), and epithelial dysplasia cases in 23 cases (2.9%). Conclusion: the proportion of active chronic gastritis patients found in this study was helicobacter pylori infection is more dominantly found in patients with active chronic gastritis than in non-active chronic gastritis. The description of atrophic glands in chronic gastritis patients was more dominant than parameters based on intestinal metaplasia and epithelial dysplasia. It was a finding of intestinal metaplasia compared to all cases showing risk factors that require further clinical observation (follow-up) to detect potential malignancies earlier so that it is necessary to do more preventive action.

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