scholarly journals PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY AND PLACENTOMETRY

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
L A Ivanova ◽  
А V Ророvа ◽  
K P Karpov
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Death ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Integral Index ◽  
Maternity Hospitals ◽  
Group 2

Objective. The aim of the study was to compare the morphometric parameters of echocardiography in a normally occurring pregnancy. Comparison of the obtained data with the data of heart measurement in children perinatally perished, as well as the analysis of the mass indexes of the fetus and placenta in healthy fetuses and fetuses perinatally lost. Materials and methods. We analyzed 94 protocols for the investigation of post-mortem and the protocols for autopsy of fetuses and newborn infants perinatal in various maternity hospitals in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region (group 1). The control group 2 consisted of 12 patients who were registered for pregnancy, were examined according to the usual pattern, later they had urgent deliveries to healthy newborns, the histological structure of the placenta was represented by reactive and compensatory-adaptive changes characteristic of the placenta of the normal structure. Patients of control group 2 underwent evaluation of echocardiograms obtained during the third screening test during pregnancy, performed at the time of 32-34 weeks. Control group 3 included 335 observations of full term pregnancy, which resulted in the birth of a healthy fetus. In this group, an analysis was made of the mass indexes of the fetus, placenta, and the integral index of the placental-fetal ratio. Results of the study. Massometric parameters of the fetus, placenta and integral index of the placental-fetal ratio in the patients of the main and control groups were analyzed. Typical changes in the weight of the placenta and placental-fetal ratio in patients with perinatal fetal death were determined. Opportunities were identified for risk groups for perinatal fetal death according to the analysis of the sonocardiogram. Conclusion. 8 conclusions are presented that represent the possibility of predicting perinatal losses depending on the size of the placenta, placental-fetal ratio, the isolation of risk groups for perinatal fetal death according to the data of sonocardiography

scholarly journals Сlinical features of newborn children in patients with perinatal losses

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Lidiia A. Ivanova ◽  
Elena V. Titkova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Maternity Hospitals ◽  
Newborn Children

The article presents the data of a complex analysis of the course of the early period of the newborn in children born to 456 women who were delivered in the maternity hospitals of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region in 2009-2016. These patients were divided into the main group (99 women who gave birth to live children who died in the first 7 days of life) and a comparison group (357 women who gave birth to live children who survived the first 7 days). Estimated the duration of pregnancy at the time of delivery, clinical features of newborn children in the group of patients with perinatal losses, in comparison with the control group, were analyzed. The article compares the anthropometric data of newborns (weight and height at birth), Apgar scores, and the frequency of fetal hypotrophy. The results of the clinical analysis of the blood of newborn children of the patients of the main and control groups (hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets and venous blood glucose) were also evaluated. A number of significant differences in the main group and comparison group that can be regarded as predictors of perinatal fetal death have been identified. Thus, the risk group for perinatal fetal death includes preterm newborns with hypotrophy, low body weight, smaller body length, a low Apgar score, changes in the clinical analysis of blood (lowering of hemoglobin, erythrocytes and platelets, and an increase in the level of venous blood glucose). The level of leukocytes in peripheral blood in newborns in both groups is not significantly different.

scholarly journals Growth Performance, Histological Structure of Duodenum and Pectoralis Muscle of Kampung Chickens After Administration of Antibiotic Growth Promoter

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendry Trisakti Saragih ◽  
Suci Aulia Ratu Fajrin ◽  
Sovia Nur Janah ◽  
Ria Oktafianti ◽  
Elgio Venanda Ginting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Muscle Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Pectoralis Muscle ◽  
Visceral Organ ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
One Way Anova

This study aimed to know the effect of AGP on growth performance, duodenal histological structure and pectoralis muscle of Kampung chicken. This research was conducted by designing 3 groups with each group consisting of 20-day old chicks (DOC) of Kampung chickens. The control group was given basal feed without AGP bacitracin, group 2 was treated with 0.125 g of bacitracin /kg of basal feed and group 3 was treated with 0.25 g bacitracin/kg of basal feed until 12 days old. The parameters observed were chicken body weight on days posthatch, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 12, morphometry, visceral organ weight, duodenal organ morphology and muscle performance of Pectoralis thoracicus at 12 days old. Data analysis used one way ANOVA test followed by Tukey test with significance of P≤ 0,05. The result showed that the morphology of the doudenum and the myofiber area of group 3 indicated significant differences compared to the control group. The conclusion of this study revealed that administration of AGP bacitracin with 0.25 g/ kg dose of basal feed may increase the growth performance of Kampung chicken.

Ductus venosus velocimetry in acute fetal acidemia and impending fetal death in a sheep model of increased placental vascular resistance

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (4) ◽  
pp. H1229-H1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaarin Mäkikallio ◽  
Ganesh Acharya ◽  
Tiina Erkinaro ◽  
Tomi Kavasmaa ◽  
Mervi Haapsamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Blood Velocity ◽  
Ductus Venosus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Velocity Waveform ◽  
Volume Blood ◽  
Volume Blood Flow ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Waveform Pattern

We investigated whether hypoxemia without acidemia affects ductus venosus (DV) blood velocity waveform pattern in sheep fetuses with intact placenta and whether worsening acidemia and impending fetal death are related to changes in DV velocimetry in fetuses with increased placental vascular resistance. A total of 34 fetuses were instrumented at 115–136/145 days of gestation. Placental embolization was performed in 22 fetuses on the fourth postoperative day, 24 h before the experiment. The control group was comprised of 12 fetuses with intact placenta. The experimental protocol consisted of fetal hypoxemia that was induced by replacing maternal inhaled oxygen with medical air. To further deteriorate fetal oxygenation and blood-gas status, uterine artery volume blood flow was reduced by maternal hypotension. Fetuses that underwent placental embolization were divided into two groups according to fetal outcome. Group 1 consisted of 12 fetuses that completed the experiment, and group 2 comprised 10 fetuses that died during the experiment. DV pulsatility index for veins (PIV) and fetal cardiac outputs (COs) were calculated. Placental volume blood flow, fetal blood pressures, and acid base and lactate values were monitored invasively. On the experimental day, the mean gestational age did not differ significantly between the groups. In groups 1 and 2, the baseline mean DV PIV and fetal COs were not statistically significantly different from the control group. In the control group, the DV PIV values increased significantly with hypoxemia. In groups 1 and 2, the DV PIV values did not change significantly, even with worsening acidemia and imminent fetal death in group 2. During the experiment, the fetal COs remained unchanged. We conclude that fetal hypoxemia increases the pulsatility of DV blood velocity waveform pattern. In fetuses with elevated placental vascular resistance, DV pulsatility does not increase further in the presence of severe and worsening fetal acidemia and impending fetal death.

Injection mixed drug intratumoral to produce ROS and creating a coagulum as cancer therapeutics drug depot.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15635-e15635
Author(s):  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Qiang Fu ◽  
Bian Li ◽  
Yan Han ◽  
Dong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Tumor Imaging ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Scanning Imaging

e15635 Background: To explore the nature of hydrogen peroxide at higher dosage for denature-aggregation of tumor with drugs through aggregation in denatured tumor as a coagulum for drug depot and prolong function of drug. Methods: (1). Preparation for two 5 ml of BLM-I131, one diluted with 0.12 ml NS and 0.2 ml (0.2mCi = 49.67µg BLM) for tumor injection in control group; one diluted with 0.12 ml of H2O2 (0.833 mg/ml) and 0.2 ml (0.2mCi = 49.67µg BLM) for tumor injection in experimental group. (2).Tumor imaging with BLM-I131 analyzed at different time points. (3). Radioactivity in tumor of mice analyzed under SPECT scanning imaging instrument at the 0, 5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 24 h, 48 h, 96 h, 120 h, 144 h and 168 h, activity of isotope I131 is representing the BLM retaining time in tumor. (4). Also, tumor sectioned and observed cellular and extracellular matrix changes of histological structure. Results: It was observed that BLM-I131 with ROS in tumors sustained for 168 hours while BLM-I131 with NS in tumors sustained for 8 hours only. Radioactivity of BLM-I131 in tumors with ROS reach at peak 1.5 hours and second peak at 20 hours by average to extend to 168 hours, while radioactivity of BLM-I131 in tumors with NS reached at peak in 0.5 hour, decreased to 30% in 1.5 hour quickly to background in 8 hours; We observed the extracellular matrix changes in experimental tumor while no changes in control tumor. Conclusions: A water soluble oxidant mixed with free drug can play a biological scissors role to chop tumor matrix, then it resulted in a denature tumor matrix into a coagulation for a drug depot, it showed drug of BLM-I131 sustained in tumor for a long time; while oxidant plays an important role to punch holes on cell membrane and resulted a high permeability for high concentration drug in each cancer cells.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF IMUNOPHAN ON MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS AND HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF PEYER'S PATCHES IN SMALL INTESTINE OF RATS UNDER IMMUNOSUPPRESSION INDUCED BY CYCLOPHOSPHAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
E.N. Morozova ◽  
V.N. Morozov ◽  
A.V. Tverskaya
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
White Male ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Peyer’S Patches ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Intact Rats

The aim of the study is to analyze morphometric parameters and histological structure of Peyer's patches in the small intestine of rats after imunofan administration under immunosuppression caused by cyclophosphan. Materials and Methods. The study was carried out on 36 white male rats (210–250 gramms). The animals were divided into two groups. Rats of Group 1 were injected with cyclophosphamide on the 1st day of the experiment (200 mg/kg). On the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th and 10th days they received imunofan (0.7 μg/kg). Group 2 consisted of intact rats. The animals were withdrawn from the experiment on the 7th, 30th, and 90th days after imunofan administration. The authors measured the length and width of Peyer's patches, and the distance from the ileocecal angle to the first patch. We also examined the height and width of lymph nodes and internodal zones on histological sections. Results. On the 7th and 30th days of our study the length and width of Peyer's patches increased by 18.71 %/16.94 % and 3.56 %/24.22 % respectively in mature animals, compared with the intact rats. At the same time, the distance from the ileocecal angle to the 1st Peyer’s patch decreased by 6.15 % and 19.80 %. The micrography showed that the height and width of the lymph nodes of Peyer's patches in experimental animals increased by 29.79 %/12.73 % (Day 7) and 10.49 %/12.46 % (Day 30) in comparison with the intact rats. The linear sizes of internodal zones increased by 39.35 %/10.33 % (Day 7) and 4.77 %/4.25 % (Day 30). By the 90th day, the macroscopic parameters of Peyer's patches, the height and width of their lymph nodules and internodal zones approxomated those of intact animals. Conclusion. When using imunofan under experimental immunosuppression, macro- and micromorphometric parameters of Peyer's patches of the small intestine of mature rats gradually approximated those in intact rats, which indicated the leveling of cyclophosphan immunosuppressive effect. Key words: rats, small intestine, Peyer's patches, imunofan, cyclophosphan. Цель исследования – изучение морфометрических параметров и гистологического строения пейеровых бляшек тонкой кишки крыс после введения имунофана на фоне иммуносупрессии, вызванной циклофосфаном. Материалы и методы. Исследование проводилось на 36 белых крысах-самцах массой 210–250 г. Животные были разделены на две группы. В I группе крысам в 1-е сут эксперимента вводился циклофосфан в дозе 200 мг/кг, на 2, 4, 6, 8, 10-е сут – имунофан в дозе 0,7 мкг/кг массы тела; II группу составили интактные крысы. Животные выводились из эксперимента на 7, 30, 90-е сут после завершения введения имунофана. Измерялись длина и ширина пейеровых бляшек, а также расстояние от илеоцекального угла до первой из них, а на гистологических срезах – высота и ширина их лимфатических узелков и межузелковых зон. Результаты. У половозрелых животных на 7-е и 30-е сут наблюдения длина и ширина пейеровых бляшек увеличивалась на 18,71 и 16,94 % и 3,56 и 24,22 % соответственно по сравнению с данными интактных крыс, а расстояние от илеоцекального угла до первой из них уменьшалось на 6,15 и 19,80 %. При микроскопическом исследовании высота и ширина лимфатических узелков пейеровых бляшек были больше по сравнению с данными интактных крыс на 29,79 и 12,73 % (7-е сут), 10,49 и 12,46 % (30-е сут), а линейные размеры межузелковых зон – на 39,35 и 10,33 % (7-е сут), 4,77 и 4,25 % (30-е сут). К 90-м сут макроскопические параметры пейеровых бляшек, а также высота и ширина их лимфатических узелков и межузелковых зон приближались к данным интактных животных. Выводы. При использовании имунофана на фоне экспериментальной иммуносупрессии значения исследуемых макро- и микроморфометрических параметров пейеровых бляшек тонкой кишки половозрелых крыс в ходе эксперимента постепенно приближались к аналогичным показателям интактных крыс, что свидетельствует о нивелировании иммуносупрессивного эффекта циклофосфана. Ключевые слова: крысы, тонкая кишка, пейеровы бляшки, имунофан, циклофосфан.

scholarly journals Dapagliflozin Attenuates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Through Erythropoietin Up-Regulation of AKT/JAK/MAPK Pathways in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora El-Sayed ◽  
Yasser M. Mostafa ◽  
Noha M AboGresha ◽  
Amal A.M. Ahmed ◽  
Islam Z. Mahmoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Cardiac Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Mapk Cascades ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Histopathological Studies

Abstract Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the mechanism of Dapagliflozin (Dapa) cardioprotection against diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Structural and functional changes in the heart as well as decrease of Erythropoietin (EPO) levels were reported in DCM. EPO simultaneously activates three pathways: the Janus-activated kinase–signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK2/STAT5), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-Akt (PI3K/Akt), and extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK/MAPK) cascades, that result in proliferation and differentiation of cardiac cells.Methods and Results: DCM was induced by a high fat diet for 10 weeks followed by administration of streptozotocin. After confirmation of diabetes, rats were divided randomly to 5 groups: Group 1; normal control group, Group 2; untreated diabetic group and Groups (3-5); diabetic groups received Dapa daily (0.75 mg, 1.5 or 3 mg /Kg, p.o) respectively for a month. At the end of the experiment, full anaesthesia was induced in all rats using ether inhalation and ECG was recorded. Blood samples were collected then rats were sacrificed and their heart were dissected out and processed for biochemical and histopathological studies. Untreated diabetic rats showed abnormal ECG pattern, elevation of serum cardiac enzymes, decrease EPO levels, downregulation of P-Akt, P-JAK2 and pMAPK pathways, abnormal histological structure of the heart and increase immunostaining intensity of P53 and TNF α in the cardiomyocytes. Dapa in a dose dependent manner attenuated the alterations in the previously mentioned parameters. Conclusion: The cardioprotective effect of Dapa could be mediated by increasing EPO levels and activation of P-Akt, P-JAK2 and pMAPK signalling cascades which in turn decrease apoptosis.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of the construction of the placentary complex and the main causes of perinatal losses

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Lidiia A. Ivanova ◽  
Elena V. Titkova
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Death ◽  
Perinatal Death ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Normal Structure ◽  
Placental Insufficiency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Fetoplacental Complex ◽  
Ascending Infection ◽  
And Control

The article presents the analysis of the massometric parameters of the fetoplacental complex (weight of the placenta of full-term newborns, placental-fetal coefficient (PPC), linear mass of the umbilical cord (LMU). Indicators that alarm the neonatologist doctor as possible markers of perinatal losses are: a decrease in the placenta mass, an increase in PPC, high LMU (a consequence of ascending bacterial infection (funiculitis) and the development of circulatory umbilical edema in acute right ventricular failure, for example, in viral atrial myocarditis). A histological study of newborn children of the main and control group was carried out to identify the main types of histological structure of the placenta: normal structure, ascending infection of the placenta, hematogenous infection of the placenta, chronic placental insufficiency, acute placental insufficiency. revealed a different frequency of occurrence of these conditions in patients of the main and control groups. The main causes of perinatal losses are analyzed. It is determined that more than half of cases of perinatal fetal death is infectious pathology: viral, bacterial and mixed viral-bacterial. About a quarter of cases of perinatal death is caused by acute heart failure with placental abruption and a complex of cardiovascular and respiratory disorders in premature infants. In 18% of cases, congenital malformations of the fetus lead to perinatal death. CRF causes perinatal fetal death in approximately 10% of cases.

scholarly journals HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF PROXIMAL METAPHYSEAL CARTILAGE OF HUMERUS IN RATS AFTER 60-DAY TARTRAZINE ADMINISTRATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 150-157
Author(s):  
V.I. Luzin ◽  
O.N. Fastova ◽  
V.N. Morozov ◽  
E.N. Morozova ◽  
S.V. Zabolotnaya
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Total Width ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of the research is to study the histological structure of proximal metaphysial cartilage of the humerus in adult rats after 60 days of tartrazine administration (750 mg/kg and 1500 mg/kg body weight). Materials and Methods. The study was carried out on 90 white male rats, divided into 3 groups. In Group 1 (control), animals daily intragastrically received 1ml of 0.9 % isotonic sodium chloride solution for 60 days. Rats of Groups 2 and Group 3 received intragastrically 1ml of tartrazine solution (750 mg/kg and 1500 mg/kg body weight respectively) for 60 days. The readaptation period after the last tartrazine administration was 3, 10, 15, 24, or 45 days. The area of the proximal humerus metaphysis underwent treatment according to the standard histological protocol. The obtained sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and subjected to a subsequent histomorphometric study. Results. On the 3rd day of the readaptation period, the total width of the proximal metaphysial cartilage of the humerus in animals of Group 2, was by 8.59 % less than the values of the control group; the width of the indifferent, proliferating and definitive cartilage was by 6.11 %, 8.85 % and 7.15 % less; the width of the destruction zone was by 11.55 % less; and the width of the osteogenesis zone was by 9.92 % less. The content of primary spongiosis in the osteogenesis zone and the number of cells on the trabeculae surface were lower than the values of Group 1 by 8.45 % and 8.42 % respectively. During the readaptation period, the authors observed similar dynamics of changes in the histomorphometric parameters of the metaphysical cartilage of the humerus with levelling by the 45th day of the experiment. In rats of Group 3, during the entire readaptation period, the histomorphometric parameters changed more significantly and their recovery to control values was slower than in animals of Group 2. Conclusion. 60-day tartrazine administration to adult rats is accompanied by inhibition of the bone formation function of the proximal metaphysial cartilage of the humerus. It is confirmed by a decrease in the width of all its zones and components of the osteogenesis zone. More pronounced in amplitude and duration changes in the parameters studied were recorded in animals treated with tartrazine, 1500 mg/kg body weight. Keywords: humerus, metaphysial cartilage, tartrazine, histomorphometry. Цель исследования. Установить, оказывает ли влияние 60-дневное введение тартразина в дозах 750 и 1500 мг/кг массы тела на гистологическое строение проксимального метафизарного хряща плечевой кости у половозрелых крыс. Материалы и методы. Исследование проведено на 90 белых крысах-самцах, распределенных на 3 группы: 1-я – контрольная, в которой животные ежедневно в течение 60 дней получали физиологический раствор через желудочный зонд; 2-ю и 3-ю группы составили крысы, которые на протяжении 60 дней получали внутрижелудочно 1 мл раствора тартразина в дозах 750 и 1500 мг/кг массы тела соответственно. Сроки периода реадаптации после окончания введения тартразина составляли 3, 10, 15, 24, 45 сут. Проксимальный метафиз плечевой кости подвергался обработке по стандартному гистологическому протоколу. Полученные срезы окрашивались гематоксилин-эозином и подвергались последующему гистоморфометрическому исследованию. Результаты. У животных 2-й группы на 3-й день периода реадаптации общая ширина проксимального метафизарного хряща плечевой кости была меньше значений контрольной группы на 8,59 %, ширина зон индифферентного, пролиферирующего и дефинитивного хряща – на 6,11, 8,85 и 7,15 % меньше, ширина зоны деструкции – на 11,55 %, а ширина зоны остеогенеза – на 9,92 %. Содержание первичной спонгиозы в зоне остеогенеза и количество клеток на поверхности трабекул были меньше значений контрольной группы на 8,45 и 8,42 %. В ходе периода реадаптации сходная динамика изменений гистоморфометрических параметров метафизарного хряща плечевой кости сохранялась с тенденцией к сглаживанию к 45-м сут эксперимента. У крыс 3-й группы в ходе всего периода реадаптации изучаемые параметры изменялись более значимо и их восстановление до контрольных величин происходило медленнее, чем во 2-й группе. Выводы. 60-дневное введение тартразина половозрелым крысам сопровождается угнетением костеобразовательной функции проксимального метафизарного хряща плечевой кости, что подтверждается снижением ширины всех его зон и объемных компонентов зоны остеогенеза. Более выраженные по амплитуде и длительности изменения изучаемых параметров зафиксированы у животных, получавших тартразин в дозе 1500 мг/кг массы тела. Ключевые слова: плечевая кость, метафизарный хрящ, тартразин, гистоморфометрия.

scholarly journals The effect of paricalcitol on Hepatitis B immunization in hemodialysis patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 549-553
Author(s):  
Mustafa Demir ◽  
Gamze İçaçan ◽  
Burkay Yakar ◽  
Ayhan Doğukan
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Group 1

Objective: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has high morbidity and mortality. Therefore vaccination for HBV is crucial, especially for risk groups. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of paricalcitol on HBV immunization in maintenance hemodialysis (HD) patients. Methods: Forty-two maintenance HD patients enrolled in the study. Group 1 was the control group who didn't receive paricalcitol treatment (n:28, control group). Group 2 was the paricalcitol treatment group for secondary hyperparathyroidism (n:14, paricalcitol group). Anti-HBs titers were measured with a three-month interval for two times. Results: The mean age of the patients in Group 1 was 58.50(18-80) years, while of the patients in Group 2 was 46.50 (23-81) years. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of age and gender (p = 0.200, p = 0.508, respectively). Baseline anti-HBs titer in the control group was 190.32 IU/L (20.18-1000), and 187.89 IU/L (38.77-1000) in the paricalcitol treated group. After 3 months of follow-up, anti-HBs titers decreased to 114.72 IU/L (13.68-1000) from 190.32 IU/L (20.18-1000) in the control group and to the 175.27 IU/L (14.25-1000) from 187.89 IU/L (38.77-1000) in the paricalcitol group. The decrease in anti-HBs titers was significant in the control group, whereas it was not significant in the paricalcitol group (P = 0.001, 0.209, respectively). Conclusion: The protective effect of paricalcitol on hepatitis B seroconversion in HD patients was observed. We think that paricalcitol may be used as an adjuvant for hepatitis B seroconversion.

Chemotherapy Effects on Natural Killer Cells in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 4326-4326
Author(s):  
Tugce Aksu Uzunhan ◽  
Zeynep Karakas ◽  
Serap Erdem Kuruca ◽  
Sabriye Karadenizli ◽  
Beyza Cetin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maintenance Chemotherapy ◽  
Cranial Radiation ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Nk Cytotoxicity

Abstract Abstract 4326 Intensive treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children has brought an increase of total remissions but also an increase of various complications resulting from toxicity of the treatment itself. One of the side effects of the use of cytostatics is their suppressive effect on the immune system. As an important element of the immune system, NK (Natural Killer) cells have critical roles in many different functions such as infection control, cancer surveillance, fetal implantation and cytokine production that will be affected by the immune suppresion. Dysfunctions of the NK cells by treatment are both of quantitative and qualitative nature. Our aim with this study is to analyze qualitative and quantitative chemotherapy induced changes on NK cells in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Thirty three children aged between 2 and 19 years were included in the patient group. Their immunphenotypes, risk groups, prophylactic cranial radiation status and clinical characteristics were recorded. According to ALL BFM 2000 protocol, patients were classified into three groups: group 1 (patients who finished protocol M), group 2 (patients still on maintenance chemotherapy) and group 3 (patients who finished treatment). Control group (group 4) consisted of eleven healthy children aged between 2 and 13 years. NK cytotoxicity test, flow cytometric analysis of NK subgroups, cytokine analysis were performed in blood samples taken with informed consent from parents of both patients and controls. Clinical characteristics of the patients were evaluated with these results. Analysis was performed with “one way ANOVA” statistical test using SPSS 14.0. In 1:1 E:T ratio, group 2's NK cytotoxicity was significantly higher than any other group (p<0.05) (Figure 1). As the receptor expressions evaluated, group 2 was lower significantly than the control group in CD16+CD56+, CD16+NKG2D+, CD94+NKp46+ subgroups (p<0.05) (Figure 2,3). When the prophylactic cranial radiation status of all cases were considered, irradiated patients' NK cytotoxicity value was significantly higher than non-irradiated cases (p<0.05) (Table 1). As NK cytotoxicity and NK subgroups evaluated according to risk groups and time passed from end of treatment (less than a year or more), no significant differences were found. Only in samples which weren't stimulated by tumor cells, IFNγ and IL-15 was found significantly lower in group 2 and group 3 compared with the control group (p<0.05). NK cells and subgroups in quantity seem to have decreased by the maintenance chemotherapy but not their functions. Group 2's (patients on maintenance therapy) higher NK cytotoxicity value may be due to low dose radiation's augmentation effect on NK cell functions as group 2 mostly consists of patients treated with prophylactic cranial radiation. A better understanding of NK cells changed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy will give us the opportunity of developing treatment that enhance their functions and so will contribute to the life quality of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (This project is sponsored by Istanbul University Research Fund, project number: T-889/02062006). Disclosures: Aksu Uzunhan: Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty: Employment; Istanbul University Research Fund: Research Funding.

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