scholarly journals High Prevalence of Iron Acquisition Genes Among Acinetobacter baumannii Strains Isolated From Patients With Urinary Tract Infections in Southeast of Iran

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 30656-30656
Author(s):  
Hossein Ali Abdi ◽  
Bahman Hormozi ◽  
Mohsen Najimi ◽  
Nafiseh Noorzehi
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Iron Acquisition ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii among Urinary Tract Infections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein O.M. Al-Dahmoshi ◽  
Noor S.K. Al-Khafaji ◽  
Farah T. Al-Alaq
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Iron Acquisition ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the opportunistic bacteria firstly related with the hospital acquired infection influencing primarily to weakening the patient in the ICU. It is sometimes transferred to the patient by transient colonization of hands of the workers of healthcare, and persistence on eco-surfaces. Acinetobacter baumannii inhalation aerosolized through endo-tracheal suctioning of the ventilated patient is widespread among ventilator-related pneumonia (VAP). It is infections mainly associated with ventilator-related pneumonia (VAP), community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP), invasive bacterial infections (IBIs) and UTI (urinary tract infection). It is one of the prominent uropathogens problematic with antibiotic resistance especially carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB). Their colonization of urinary tract and establishment of infection may attributed mainly to set of virulence factors like: Acinetobactin-assisted iron acquisition system, Bap (biofilm-related protein), phospholipase D, Ata (Acinetobacter trimeric autotransporter), chaperone-usher type pilus (Csu), OmpA (outer membrane protein A), and Plasminogen-binding protein (CipA). The common drugs used for treatment Acinetobacter baumannii infections involve polymyxins, glycylcyclines, tetracyclines, mono-bactams, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, antipseudomonal carbapenems, antipseudomonal cephalosporins, and sulbactam. The rates of MDR isolation or also comprehensively the resistant Acinetobacter baumannii are significantly increased and so the combination of two or more (colistin, tigecycline, or colistin-rifampicin combination therapy) drugs is sometimes used to treat infections of MDR-AB. As a conclusion the Acinetobacter baumannii engagement in urinary tract infections attributed mainly to their adhesins, invasins and intrinsic antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Prevalence of antibiotic resistance and blaIMP-1 gene among Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from burn and urinary tract infections in Isfahan, central Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naeimeh Sadat Hashemi ◽  
Meysam Mojiri ◽  
Parivash Yazdani Kachouyi ◽  
Shiva Eskandari ◽  
Mehrsa Mohammadian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Tract Infections

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important opportunistic pathogens responsible for various types of hospital infections. High prevalence of antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa strains of human clinical samples cause more severe diseases for a longer period of time. The current research was done in order to study the distribution of blaIMP-1 gene among the imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa strains isolated from burn and urinary tract infections of hospitalized patients. Two-hundred and forty-three P. aeruginosa isolates recovered from the cases of burn and urinary tract infections of inpatients and outpatients were analysis for antibiotic resistance pattern using the disk diffusion method. Then, imipenem-resistant isolates were further analyzed for distribution of blaIMP-1 gene using the PCR. Of 243 P. aeruginosa isolates, 146 strains (60.08%) were taken from outpatients and 97 strains (39.91%) were taken from inpatients. P. aeruginosa isolates harbored the highest levels of resistance against streptomycin (100%), nalidixic acid (100%), aztreonam (100%), cotrimoxazole (95.47%), ciprofloxacin (88.47%), cefotaxime (84.36%) and gentamycin (83.95%). Inpatients had a relatively higher levels of antibiotic resistance. One-hundred and twenty-one out of 126 (96.03%) imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates harbored the blaIMP-1 gene. Inpatients also had a relatively higher prevalence of blaIMP-1 gene. High prevalence of blaIMP-1 gene and also imipenemresistant P. aeruginosa are important public health issue. Clinical laboratories should consider the detection of the blaIMP-1 gene among the P. aeruginosa isolates of clinical samples.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance among Pregnant Women with Urinary Tract Infections Attending Antenatal Clinic at Levy Mwanawasa University Teaching Hospital (LMUTH), Lusaka, Zambia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Kekelwa Inyambo Yeta ◽  
Charles Michelo ◽  
Choolwe Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction. Globally, there is a growing concern over antimicrobial resistance (AMR) which is currently estimated to account for more than 700,000 deaths per year worldwide. AMR undermines the management of infectious diseases in general especially in pregnancy where significant bacteriuria continues to be a serious cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. We therefore aimed to determine the prevalence of AMR and the associated factors among pregnant women with urinary tract infections (UTIs) attending antenatal clinic at a selected hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. Methods. This was a hospital-based, cross-sectional study conducted between November 2018 and May 2019. Interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to assess the sociodemographic characteristics and behavioural characteristics. Laboratory tests were also conducted. Descriptive statistics of study participants were used to describe the characteristics of the respondents. Chi-square was used to assess the association between categorical variables. The logistic regression analysis was carried out to generate the adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval. Results. Overall (n = 203), the prevalence of UTI was 60% (95% CI: 53.3%–66.7%). The most isolated bacteria were E. coli (59%) and Klebsiella (21%). The prevalence of AMR was found to be 53% (95% CI: 46.1%–59.8%). The drugs highly resistant to antimicrobials were nalidixic acid (88.3%), ampicillin (77.8%), and norfloxacin (58.5%), while the least resistant drug was chloramphenicol (20%). There were no important significant predictors to AMR among pregnant women observed in this study. Conclusion. We found high burden of AMR closely linked to observe high prevalence of UTI suggested in this small population. This suggests a need to develop integrated surveillance systems that aim for early and regular screening of pregnant women for UTI as well as concurrent determination of antibiotic susceptibility patterns. This is important to prevent complications that may endanger maternal and fetal health outcomes. Furthermore, further research is needed to explore reasons for this high prevalence of AMR including examining possible attribution to the misuse of drugs so as to inform, enforce, or adjust the prescription-only policies and enforce antimicrobial stewardship programs.

scholarly journals LANNEA BARTERI ENGL. (ANACARDIACEAE) PLANT USED IN THE TREATMENT OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN IVORY COAST: BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL STUDIES OF THE AQUEOUS EXTRACT

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bredou Jean Brice ◽  
Boua Boua Benson ◽  
Konan Kouadio Fernique ◽  
Kabran Guy Roger Mida ◽  
Kouassi Kouadio Christian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Tract Infections

Objective: This research aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity and determine the chemical composition of the aqueous extract of the bark of Lannea barteri Engl. (DA) used in the traditional treatment of urinary tract infections in the Ivory Coast.Methods: The material is composed of DA, the bacterial strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii, isolated from the urine of patients from different hospitals and subsequently stored. The qualitative analysis was performed using color-based detection tests and thin layer chromatography (TLC) reactions and the quantification of total phenols, flavonoids, flavone aglycones and anthocyanins using the method of Folin Ciocalteu. The method of diffusion on Mueller Hinton (MH) agar medium has been used for sensitivity tests. Results: The phytochemical screening of DA has revealed the presence of polyphenols, terpenes, and derivatives, coumarins, tannins, flavonoids, and alkaloids. Furthermore, the quantification of some polyphenols such as flavonoids, flavone aglycones, and anthocyanins was determined. The total polyphenols found was 0.757±0.003 mg/g MS representing respectively; 0.230±0.01 for flavonoids; 0.028±0.02 for flavone aglycones and 0.016±0.02 mg/g MS for anthocyanins. DA is bactericidal against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii, which are mainly responsible for urinary tract infections.Conclusion: The bark of Lannea barteri Engl. (DA) is rich in flavonoids, flavone aglycones, and anthocyanins which are probably responsible for its antibacterial properties on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. This research thereby supports the use of this plant in the treatment of urinary tract infections.

scholarly journals Treatment of lower urinary tract infections in women

2019 ◽  
pp. 184-191
Author(s):  
L. A. Sinyakova ◽  
I. V. Kosova ◽  
Y. I. Nezovibatko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Lower Urinary

Lower urinary tract infections are currently an actual clinical and social problem due to the high prevalence, the need for an interdisciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment, the severity of the combination of disorders of urination and dyspareunia, which leads to the rejection of sexual life, violations of childbearing function. Timely and adequate diagnosis of urinary disorders in women with the identification of risk factors, concomitant diseases, pathogens allow to select a rational, primarily necessary antibacterial therapy that contributes not only to the patient’s getting rid of symptoms of the disease, but also prevents the transition of the disease into a chronic form.

scholarly journals Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections in a Burn Unit: Epidemiological Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Luis Sepúlveda ◽  
Miguel Vaz ◽  
Íris Brito ◽  
Catarina Chaves ◽  
Luís Cabral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction: Besides burn wound infections, burned patients are also more susceptible to other types of nosocomial infections. Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTI) are one of the most common infections in this context, responsible for high morbidity, increased hospital stay and associated costs. The aim of this study was to characterize catheter-associated urinary tract infections in hospitalized burn patients and evaluate the frequency of microbiologic agents responsible for these infections. Material and Methods: Retrospective study, performed in a Burn Center (Coimbra Burns Unit) of a University Hospital (Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Portugal – CHUC), based in the clinical data and urine cultures of burned patients who have performed at least once this exam between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2014. Different variables such as date of infection, general characteristics of the population and the responsible pathogen were analyzed. Infections were further categorized taking into account the existence of previous episodes of CA-UTI, thereby defining primary infection, re- infection, relapse and over-infection. Results: Between January 2010 and December 2014, 213 CA-UTI were diagnosed in 143 patients. The most common uropathogens were E. coli (27.2%), Enterococcus faecalis (20.2%), Pseudomonas spp. (13.1%), Candida spp. (12.1%), Klebsiella spp. (10.8%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (9.9%). The most common microorganisms varied significantly depending on the gender of the patient. The CA-UTI analyzed corresponded to 143 primary infections, 44 reinfections, 17 relapses and nine over-infections. Relapse corresponded to 11% of infections in males and 5.7% in females and was significantly more frequent in infections due to Acinetobacter baumannii. Discussion/Conclusion: Catheter-associated urinary infections are common in intensive care units, particularly at Burn Units. The most common pathogens identified were similar to those reported in the literature. Pathogens responsible for polymicrobial infections were similar to those in monomicrobial infections, probably due to the short-term nature of urinary catheterization. Infections by Acinetobacter baumannii showed high susceptibility to relapse, which is probably related to its multi-drug resistance, common in this pathogen. The high relapse rate detected in males is probably related to the greater frequency of Acinetobacter baumannii infections in this gender. Candiduria was more frequent in the context of reinfection and over-infection, probably due to disruption of bacterial flora secondary to previous systemic antibiotics.

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