scholarly journals Ultrasound evaluation of fetal adrenal gland volume. The role of fetal adrenal glands in the pathogenesis of preterm labor

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Krzyżanowski ◽  
Katarzyna Karwasik-Kajszczarek ◽  
Izabela Dymanowska-Dyjak ◽  
Adrianna Kondracka ◽  
Anna Kwaśniewska
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Gland Volume ◽  
Ultrasound Evaluation ◽  
Adrenal Gland Volume

scholarly journals Predictive Accuracy of Three Dimensional Ultrasound Measurement of Fetal Adrenal Gland Volume in Preterm Labor Cases

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
W H A Eltantawy ◽  
M M N Mohyieldin ◽  
A H Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Cervical Length ◽  
Fetal Fibronectin ◽  
Gland Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Threatened Preterm Labor ◽  
Adrenal Gland Volume

Abstract Background Preterm birth is one of the major clinical problems in obstetrics and neonatology as it is associated with perinatal mortality, serious neonatal morbidity and in some cases childhood disability. It is reported that more than 80% of all neonatal mortality and morbidity is due to preterm birth. Objective In this study fetal adrenal gland volume and fetal zone measurement were used as a predictors for occurrence of labor in singleton pregnancies complicated by threatened preterm labor in comparison to cervical length and cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin. Methodology The study was carried out at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital. The current study include 88 pregnant women who presented with symptoms or signs of threatened preterm labor (PTL). All women were subjected to full history taking, full general, abdominal, pelvic examination, in addition to ultrasound fetal biometry, measurement of cervical length, measurement of fetal fibronectin, fetal adrenal gland volume AGV and fetal zone acquisitions. Results Our results showed high statistically significant difference between the two groups of women regarding CL measurement, FZE and cAGV with P values < 0.001 suggesting that ultrasound examination of fetal adrenal gland and assessment of FZE at time of evaluation for symptoms of PTL may be clinically beneficial in predicting the occurrence of labor in pregnant women at risk of preterm labor. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that in women presenting with threatened preterm labor, cAGV and FZE measured by 3-dimensional ultrasound seem to be significant predictors of delivery within 7 days, when compared to CL and cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin.

FETAL ADRENAL GLAND BIOMETRY: A POTENTIAL PREDICTOR OF PRETERM BIRTH

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshi Jain ◽  
Megha Agrawal ◽  
Anju Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Gland Volume ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Obstetric Ultrasonography ◽  
Adrenal Gland Volume

Background: Preterm birth is an important challenge in obstetrics and contemporary perinatology in India. Timely recognition, intervention and appropriate management is integral in curbing the upsurge in its incidence and consequent poor perinatal outcome. This study was conducted taking into account the potential mechanism of preterm labor: premature activation of the placental-adrenal endocrine axis wherein elevation of maternal cortisol leads to an increased production of placental corticotrophin releasing hormone which causes an increase in dehydroepiandrosterone produced by the fetal zone of the adrenal gland and its enlargement. This activates a cascade leading to early loss of uterine quiescence, consequently causing cervical modelling, ripening and preterm birth. Aim and Objectives: To assess fetal adrenal gland volume and fetal zone enlargement on ultrasound and evaluate its efficacy in the prediction of preterm birth.  Methods: This was a hospital based prospective study in which pregnant women with an uncomplicated live singleton pregnancy between 28 to 34 weeks of gestation were subjected to obstetric ultrasonography wherein fetal adrenal gland volume and fetal zone enlargement was measured. They were then followed up until their delivery, whether term or preterm and its correlation with fetal adrenal gland parameters was assessed.   Result: Corrected fetal adrenal gland volume showed the highest sensitivity of 90.0% and a specificity of 96.7% with a cut off value of 632.50 mm3/kg while fetal zone enlargement showed a sensitivity and specificity of 72.7% and 60.9% respectively.  Conclusion: This study concludes that fetal adrenal gland biometry can be used as a noninvasive, cost effective and potential new marker for the prediction of preterm birth.

scholarly journals ULTRASOUND ASSESSMENT OF FETALADRENAL GLAND VOLUME (FAGV) AND ADRENAL FETAL ZONE ENLARGEMENT(AFZE):VIABLE AND SUPERIOR ALTERNATIVES TO CERVICAL LENGTH (CL) IN ACCURATE PREDICTION OF PRETERM BIRTHS.

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Jatin Venugopal Kutnikar ◽  
Saravanan Kannan ◽  
Prabhakaran Maduraimuthu
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Cervical Length ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Zone Length ◽  
Gland Volume ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Adrenal Gland Volume

BACKGROUND: Owing to associated neonatal death, morbidity and impairment in later life, preterm birth is a major public health issue. Pregnant ladies presenting to the antenatal clinic were recruited in order to predict spontaneous preterm births bythe novel method of assessing the Fetal Adrenal Gland Volume (FAGV) and Adrenal Fetal ZoneEnlargement(AFZE) and comparing it with Cervical length. MATERIAL AND METHODS:This was a prospective observational study done at a tertiary hospital in Chennai.The formulae,AFZE=Gland length/Central fetal zone length and FAGV=0.523 x length x width x depth. cFAGV=fetal adrenal gland volume/estimated fetal weight =FAGV/EFW, were employed for the purpose of this study.𝛘2 or Fisher’s exact tests,Mann-Whitney or student-t test were calculated for appropriate variables. Pregnant women with uncomplicated pregnancy with gestational age between 21-34 weeks were recruited for this study. RESULTS:70 pregnant women were studied from May2019 to August 2020 and had an average age of 25 years and mean age of gestation being 27.1 weeks.26(37.1%) of these had a preterm delivery of ≤7 days.AFZE emerged as the best predictor among the three metrics with sensitivity of 100% and specificity of ~90 %.cFAGV showed ~80%/~89% sensitivity and specificity.This was in contrast to cervical length of ≤16 mm having just 55% and 60% sensitivity and specificity respectively. SUMMARY:USG estimation of AFZE and cFAGV are more reliable and accurate indicators than CL for spontaneous preterm delivery and can be used in the routine scanning of patients with early symptoms of preterm labour to plan the management more effectively.

scholarly journals MON-161 Body Weight Reduction Not Always Reduced Adrenal Gland Volume in Obese Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Gland Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adrenal Gland Volume

Abstract Recent studies have shown that obesity is a major risk factor for idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA). IHA patients have greater AGV than normal controls. However, it is unclear whether such changes are caused by obesity and whether losing weight could reverse the morphological and functional abnormalities of the adrenal gland. This study was to investigate the association of obesity with adrenal gland volume (AGV) and the effects of weight loss on AGV. This study recruited obese patients (N=25) who underwent sleeve gastrectomy and age- and sex-matched normal-weight (N=25) and overweight healthy volunteers (HV) (N=21). Thin-slice computed tomography was used to evaluate adrenal morphological changes. AGV was measured semiautomatically based on the digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) image. The effects of weight loss on AGV were evaluated in patients for one year or more after sleeve gastrectomy. The results showed that left, right and total AGV were larger in obese patients than those in overweight and normal- weight HVs (6.77±0.36, 5.76±0.31, and 12.53±0.64 cm3 vs. 3.88±0.14, 3.09± 0.13 and 6.97± 0.24 cm3 vs. 3.38±0.23, 2.67±0.15 and 6.04±0.36 cm3). No statistically significant difference was identified between overweight and normal-weight HVs. Sleeve gastrectomy significantly reduced body weight (-27.1±2.5 kg), left AGV (-0.80±0.26 cm3), and right AGV (-0.88±0.20 cm2). However, the adrenal volume in five patients was not reduced, despite significant weight loss postsurgery. In brief, obesity leads to increased AGV, and in some cases, this effect seems to be irreversible. We speculate that obesity causes permanently adrenal morphological changes (increased volume or hyperplasia), and under certain circumstances, it results in excessive aldosterone secretion via altered adipokines (leptin, CTRP1, etc.).

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of 2-D Versus 3-D Ultrasound Estimation of the Fetal Adrenal Gland Volume and Prediction of Preterm Birth

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (09) ◽  
pp. 673-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozhan Turan ◽  
Sifa Turan ◽  
Irina Buhimschi ◽  
Edmund Funai ◽  
Katherine Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Gland Volume ◽  
Adrenal Gland Volume

Role of the adrenal in hastening blood coagulation after exposure to stress

1959 ◽  
Vol 197 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meyer Friedman ◽  
Herman N. Uhley
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Cholesterol Content

The possible role of the adrenal gland in the hastening of blood coagulation in rats exposed to a particular form of stress was investigated. It was observed that there was a marked fall in adrenal cholesterol content during the period of stress. However, the hastening in blood coagulation after exposure to the stress was not altered by removal of the adrenal glands. It, therefore, was concluded that the coagulation phenomenon observed was independent o adrenal activity.

Prognostic value of adrenal gland volume after cardiac arrest: Association of CT-scan evaluation with shock and mortality

Resuscitation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Mongardon ◽  
Guillaume Savary ◽  
Guillaume Geri ◽  
Marie-Rose El Bejjani ◽  
Stéphane Silvera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Gland Volume ◽  
Adrenal Gland Volume

Obesity Might Persistently Increase Adrenal Gland Volume: a Preliminary Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 3503-3507
Author(s):  
Fengjiao Liu ◽  
Yi Chen ◽  
Wei Xie ◽  
Chengxin Liu ◽  
Yuchun Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Gland Volume ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Adrenal Gland Volume
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