scholarly journals CHINESE CULTURAL VALUES AS A PART OF "BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE" PROJECT

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 376
Author(s):  
Fei Xie ◽  
Nataliia Kalashnyk ◽  
Zhenxuan Fan ◽  
Oksana Mkrtichan ◽  
Valeriia Hryhorenko
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Modern China ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Belt And Road

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a global development strategy adopted by the Chinese government in 2013. Some experts believe that this project is an attempt to spread Chinese dominance in the region and adjacent territories through the economical initiative. But together with the economic purposes, the BRI aims spreading the Chinese cultural and citizenship values over the local cultures of the countries involved by forming a common cultural space. This article aims to show how the Chinese government uses the BRI Project to demonstrate the achievements of Chinese society in social and cultural life, introduce the modern China to the world, level stereotypes about the Chinese worldview and lifestyle, which were formed in the world due to a certain isolation of China, lack of reliable information about China in the world and some other reasons. At the article the following methods, typical for theoretical research, were used: observation, analysis, synthesis, analogy, comparing, narration, conclusion making etc. The result of the research is the summation of implicit information and the confirmation of the hypothesis that this project is of great cultural importance (to familiarize the world with modern China and its socio-cultural achievements more than in the opposite direction) and uses a wide range of tools to achieve goals.  

scholarly journals ANALYZING AMERICAN VALUES IN BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE (BRI)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (15) ◽  
pp. 1439-1447
Author(s):  
Siti Nurhasanah ◽  
Marthen Napang ◽  
Syaiful Rohman
Keyword(s):  
Manifest Destiny ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Investment Bank ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Silk Route ◽  
The 19Th Century

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) was initiated by Xi Jinping after being elected as the president of China in 2012. BRI connects Asia, Africa, and Europe based on shared-destiny to created trade routes integrates main centers of economic vitality. This project gave benefit for all participating countries, such as providing help for poorer regions. Even China created a financial system that supports this project, called The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and The New Development Bank (NDB). China's efforts to expand its influence in the world are similar to US efforts in the 19th century, known as Manifest Destiny. Americans believed that the US is destined to expand the territories westward approaching Pacific Ocean and spreading democracy. This effort is also highly related to their belief that the US is a City upon a Hill. There was some belief that the US becomes a great country that leads other nations in the world. The focus of this paper is two American beliefs in the context of China's effort to increasing its economic and military power in the world by reactivating the Silk route. The author uses the concept of Tianxia as City upon a Hill and Manifest Destiny in Chinese version in analyzing China's measures to increase its strength on an international level. The author will further analyze how these beliefs being adopted by Chinese government in realizing its dream of regaining the glory of managing silk-road, making it the new silk-road. Keywords: Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), New Silk Route, Manifest Destiny, City upon a Hill, Tianxia

scholarly journals Europe and Central Asia in China’s Belt and Road’ Initiative: A Multidimensional Analysis of Trade Intensiveness

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Vivien Kitty Molnár ◽  
Dechun Huang ◽  
Md. Ekram Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Multidimensional Analysis ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Trade Intensity ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
New Economic Policy ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
Belt And Road

From the middle of 90’s, the bilateral trade between China and Europe and Central Asia (EU-CA) has become more important in the world trade. In 2013, the Chinese government introduced its new economic policy, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), which opened a new are of the world trade’s history. This paper is attempt to measure strength and nature of bilateral trading relationship between China and EU-CA. Furthermore, we are looking for the answer how the BRI is affecting on the studied countries’ economies. Many statistical indices can be used to measure international trade relations. This paper has used one such index such as trade intensity. Trade intensity indices have been calculated for the period from 1997 to 2017. Described intensity indices of bilateral trade relations, both countries will help determine how intensively countries that trade with each other. Thus, this study found that intensity between two countries is high and the BRI did not increase the trade intensiveness between China and EU-CA as we were expecting.

scholarly journals “BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE”: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR CHINA AND FOR THE WORLD

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno De Conti ◽  
Petr Mozias
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
The World ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽  
Indirect Impacts ◽  
The Belt And Road

The “Belt and Road Initiative” (BRI) is quite impressive in the amount of resources and the number of countries involved, but also in the diversity of intentions it reveals. In one hand, it is a demonstration of strength for China in the international arena; in the other hand, it is an effort of the Chinese government to face important economic problems. Nevertheless, it may not be studied only from the point of view of China, since it has direct and indirect impacts over the whole globe. This paper aims therefore to analyze BRI under the framework of associated opportunities and challenges for China and for the rest of the world.

The Belt and Road Initiative: Goals and Challenges

2020 ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Adnan Khalaf i Hammed Al-Badrani ◽  
Hind Ziyad Nafeih
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Ancient Silk Road ◽  
Main Engine ◽  
The Belt And Road

The Belt and Road Initiative is an initiative to revive the ancient Silk Road, through networks of land and sea roads, oil and gas pipelines, electric power lines, the Internet and airports, to create a model of regional and international cooperation.       It is essentially a long-term development strategy, launched by the Chinese president in 2013 to become the main engine of Chinese domestic policy and foreign diplomacy and within the framework of the soft power strategy, to enhance its position and influence in the world as a peaceful and responsible country.   The study includes identifying the initiative and setting goals for China, as well as the challenges and difficulties that hinder the initiative.

Demystifying the Belt and Road Initiative: China’s domestic and non-strategic policy?

2021 ◽  
pp. 205789112110388
Author(s):  
Yuan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Global Strategy ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Strategic Policy ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Belt And Road

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a central policy of the Chinese government. The initiative is directly associated with President Xi Jinping, who first put forward the BRI in Kazakhstan and Indonesia in 2013, initially as One Belt One Road. Different from repetitive literature that concludes the BRI as China's global strategy, this article makes a contribution to argue that the BRI is China's domestic and non-strategic policy. To justify this argument, this article analyses how the BRI has been embedded into aspects of Chinese domestic policy by revealing its nexuses with Chinese domestic economy, politics and ideology. To deepen the understanding of the BRI's connection with the Chinese economy, this article explores the link between the BRI and China's supply-side structural reform. Meanwhile, this research demystifies the BRI as a global strategy and the difference between joining and rejecting the BRI to prove the BRI's non-strategic essence. In the end, this article discusses the BRI's far-reaching geopolitical influence.

We Should Push Countries along “Belt and Road Initiative” to Build Green Supply Chain

2018 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850006
Author(s):  
Jingyan Fu
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Green Supply Chain ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Ecological Benefits ◽  
The People ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

Building a green supply chain in the countries along the “Belt and Road Initiative” (BRI) route will not only generate huge economic and ecological benefits, it will also profit people in these countries and encourage the people in these countries to identify with the BRI as well as advance the development of this Initiative. Therefore, this research suggests the Chinese government taking the lead in jointly building a green supply chain with countries along BRI after the “Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation” in July 2017.

scholarly journals Belt and Road Initiative: Interim Results and Challenges During Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
N. Pyzhikov ◽  
E. Gushchin
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Foreign Debt ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Chinese Investment ◽  
The World ◽  
Belt And Road

The article analyses the current status of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), its key achievements and challenges, including those related to the COVID 19 pandemic. In the 2010s China has become one of world’s largest investors and BRI is one of the most important tools of Chinese investment policy. Due to its flexible structure, BRI has been able to adjust and develop in the context of the U.S. – China trade war and the growing anti-Chinese sentiment in the world that included the concerns over so called China’s debt diplomacy. But this lack of rigidity is also a challenge to those who study BRI because there is no official list of projects (estimations vary between 118 and 374) and countries participating in BRI (up to 138). China’s key BRI partner is Pakistan. The total value of projects implemented by China in Pakistan as part of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor was initially estimated at $46 billion but now exceeds $70 billion (new projects were signed even during the pandemic). BRI is increasing the number of its participants. In March 2019 Italy became the first G7 country to sign a BRI MoU with China. While implementing BRI China has faced such challenges as rising concerns of “China’s debt trap”, as well as ecological and political issues. In 2020 BRI is facing a new challenge with the COVID-19 pandemic. Some BRI projects were postponed because of the pandemic, but in some cases they were unaffected. There are 64 out of 138 countries participating in BRI that come from low and lower-middle income groups according to the World Bank classification. Their average ratio of foreign debt to GDP was 54% in 2018–2019. It is most likely that these countries will be hit hard by the coronacrisis. Thus the pandemic will encourage China to tighten the selection process for BRI projects with a focus on the most strategically important and cost effective ones. From the point of view of China’s BRI partners, the effect can be two-fold: the most unstable economies will increase their dependence on China, while with the economically strong countries China will be more willing to make concessions and offer more favorable conditions for cooperation.

scholarly journals The Belt and Road Initiative – Shared Development or a Threat for the World Economy?

2021 ◽  
Vol XXIV (Issue 1) ◽  
pp. 364-381
Author(s):  
Robert Ciborowski ◽  
Ewa Oziewicz ◽  
Sylwia Pangsy-Kania
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
The World ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

Impact of Belt and Road Initiative on India-south Asia Regional Trade Integration

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Mst. Sahiba Mahbub
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Free Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Trade Integration ◽  
Regional Trade ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Integration Strategies

Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a standout amongst the latest and remarkable regional economic integration strategies of Chinese government. This initiative incorporates South Asia which is a piece of Asian territory. From past researches we came to know that regional trade intensity among south Asian nations is low. The majority of the analysts finished up by computing the general list at beneath 0.5. Notwithstanding various multilateral and reciprocal Free Trade Agreements (FTA) exchange coordination did not increment attractively. India has reciprocal FTAs with every south Asian nation. Also this sub region is among the significant exchange accomplices of India. There are double suppositions of India about Chinese BRI initiative. In this research we found an answer of an inquiry that, regardless of whether BRI has sway on trade coordination among India and south Asian nations. We utilized a blended gravity model equation from Hayakawa et.al (2015) and Weerehewa (2009) inquire about papers to assess the aftereffects of variables.

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