THE QUALITY OF DOCTORAL STUDIES: CHALLENGES AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES

SOCIETY INTEGRATION EDUCATION Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference ◽

10.17770/sie2020vol2.4839 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 204

Author(s):

Karina Palkova

Keyword(s):

Educational System ◽

Future Perspectives ◽

Doctoral Studies ◽

Doctoral Study ◽

Doctoral Thesis ◽

Research Techniques ◽

Key Issues ◽

Study Process ◽

Doctoral Programmes

The doctorate studies are one of the highest degrees given by a university. Doctoral studies provide students with training in research techniques. The doctoral studies involves the presentation and preparation of the most value activity named as doctoral thesis. There are a lot of doctoral programmes whose specific objectives are to train researchers to successfully address the challenges of new researched science ECT. Nevertheless the global tendency shows that doctoral studies must be transformed to promote innovative and comprehensive research degree and the particular system of the doctoral study process. The aim of the study is to research the key issues of the quality of doctoral studies from the perspective of innovation and digitalization era in educational system in Europe as a whole and in Latvia.

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Development of Doctoral Programmes in the Field of Agricultural Economics at the University Of Maribor

MARDS Workshop Proceedings ◽

10.18690/978-961-286-409-5.4 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 31-38

Author(s):

Črtomir Rozman ◽

Karmen Pažek ◽

Jernej Turk

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Economics ◽

Doctoral Studies ◽

Doctoral Study ◽

Post Graduate ◽

Bologna Reform ◽

Doctoral Programmes ◽

The University

In this Chapter we present the development of post graduate Doctoral Study Programmes in the field of Agricultural Economics at the University of Maribor. The first part of the Chapter describes the development before implementation of the Bologna reform. Then we describe development after the Bologna reform, and after the last reform of Doctoral Studies at the University of Maribor in 2018.

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Supervisor Roles for the Doctoral Student’s Development into Independent Researcher

Pedagogika ◽

10.15823/p.2017.01 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 125 (1) ◽

pp. 5-20

Author(s):

Giedrė Tamoliūnė ◽

Margarita Teresevičienė

Keyword(s):

Doctoral Students ◽

Doctoral Student ◽

Research Field ◽

Doctoral Studies ◽

Doctoral Study ◽

Research Results ◽

New Ideas ◽

Study Process ◽

The University ◽

Depth Interviews

Doctoral education is one of the primary resources for the development and implementation of new knowledge and innovation across the Europe. Therefore, the implementation of doctoral studies and preparation and training of junior academics and researchers are seen as one of the main aims and missions of the University. Doctoral studies differ from other study levels in principle as they accentuate students’ distinguished autonomy and independency when the scientific supervisor is mentor and assistant more than a knowledge provider and student is taking more responsibility to become an independent researcher. This article presents short theoretical overview of different roles of scientific supervisor and results of in-depth interviews with doctoral students that reveal experiences of collaboration with supervisors as well as their roles that appear during the doctoral study process. Research results revealed that when collaborating with doctoral students, supervisors get involved mainly in activities that are directly related to preparation of doctoral thesis, i.e. provide consultations on research topic development, encourage students to be critical about their own work and search for new insights or perspectives, and generate new ideas together with doctoral student. However, according to the research results, supervisor’s roles in other organisational issues are less relevant, especially when talking about enculturation, where supervisor is expected to help doctoral student to integrate into local and public academic society, join international associations or research groups or have consultations with experts from the research field.

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Doctoral Studies in Psychology in Spain

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027//1016-9040.8.1.28 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 28-33

Author(s):

Yolanda García Rodríguez

Keyword(s):

Doctoral Programs ◽

Legal Reform ◽

The State ◽

Teaching Program ◽

Doctoral Studies ◽

Public And Private ◽

Teaching And Research ◽

Doctoral Thesis ◽

Critical Phase ◽

The Individual

In Spain doctoral studies underwent a major legal reform in 1998. The new legislation has brought together the criteria, norms, rules, and study certificates in universities throughout the country, both public and private. A brief description is presented here of the planning and structuring of doctoral programs, which have two clearly differentiated periods: teaching and research. At the end of the 2-year teaching program, the individual and personal phase of preparing one's doctoral thesis commences. However, despite efforts by the state to regulate these studies and to achieve greater efficiency, critical judgment is in order as to whether the envisioned aims are being achieved, namely, that students successfully complete their doctoral studies. After this analysis, we make proposals for the future aimed mainly at the individual period during which the thesis is written, a critical phase in obtaining the doctor's degree. Not enough attention has been given to this in the existing legislation.

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Model Kajian Pesantren: Studi Kritis terhadap Buku Dinamika Sistem Pendidikan Pesantren karya Mastuhu

INSANIA Jurnal Pemikiran Alternatif Kependidikan ◽

10.24090/insania.v11i3.209 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 408-421

Author(s):

Fauzi Fauzi

Keyword(s):

Educational System ◽

Education System ◽

Human Life ◽

Great Contribution ◽

Basic Study ◽

Work Content ◽

Study Approach ◽

Cultural Aspect ◽

Religious Aspect

As typical Indonesian education institute, pesantren with all its component, tradition, culture, and uniqueness have drawn attention many expert and researchers. Pesantren existence has given great contribution to enhancement of the quality of human life. Many role have been played by pesantren; in social, political, economics, cultural aspect; and of course religious aspect which its basic study. These realities in turn have invited the attention of many circles to continuously examine, checking, or studying dynamics, growth, and also existence of pesantren. Among the study result is Mastuhu’s research: Dynamics of System of Education Pesantren, a Study about Element and Value of Pesantren Educational System. With this masterpiece, Mastuhu trying to promote the form of study pesantren which do not merely touching manifest (visible) aspect, but trying to find the values which is consisted inside that manifest; so can found positive, negative, and plus-minus items from pesantren’s education which need and needn’t to be developed in national’s education system. Through this article, the writer will express the work content from a perspective of its study approach.

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Preschool teachers and caregivers’ lack of repositioning in response to changed responsibilities in policy documents

Journal of Early Childhood Research ◽

10.1177/1476718x20969742 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1476718X2096974

Author(s):

Sara Cervantes ◽

Anna Öqvist

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Educational Reform ◽

Educational System ◽

Professional Competence ◽

Preschool Teachers ◽

Division Of Labour ◽

Study Data ◽

Working Relationship ◽

Policy Documents

Preschool teachers and caregivers have a close working relationship as part of a working team to benefit the children in Swedish preschools. In 2011, a new educational reform was introduced according to which preschools became a school form in their own right within the overall educational system in Sweden. The objective of the policy was to strengthen the profession of preschool teachers by affording them clearer responsibility over the quality of educational practices and curriculum work. It also entailed a division of labour between the preschool teachers and caregivers in the working team. The current study explored how Swedish preschool teachers and caregivers positioned themselves in response to these changes in responsibility. In this qualitative study, data were collected from 17 preschool teachers and caregivers via an open-ended questionnaire. Preschool teachers and caregivers viewed themselves as having equal responsibility in the working team. Specifically, preschool teachers upgraded the competence and position of caregivers while downgrading their own professional competence and position. Caregivers downgraded the profession and position of preschool teachers and upgraded their own competence and position to be equal to that of preschool teachers.

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How can we ensure the success of specialised palliative home-care? A qualitative study (ELSAH) identifying key issues from the perspective of patients, relatives and health professionals

Palliative Medicine ◽

10.1177/02692163211026516 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 026921632110265

Author(s):

Hannah Seipp ◽

Jörg Haasenritter ◽

Michaela Hach ◽

Dorothée Becker ◽

Lisa-R Ulrich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Home Care ◽

Focus Groups ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Care Delivery ◽

Death And Dying ◽

Theory Approach ◽

Palliative Home Care ◽

Palliative Care Teams ◽

Key Issues

Background: Specialised palliative home-care supports patients with life-limiting diseases in their familiar surroundings. The number of palliative care teams and patients being cared for is increasing worldwide. To assess and improve quality, it is needed to understand, how specialised palliative home-care can be provided successfully. For this purpose we examined the views of all involved stakeholders. Aim: To identify the issues that patients, their relatives and involved health professionals view as important in ensuring the success of specialised palliative home-care. Design: We used a qualitative design based on participant observations, interviews and focus groups following the principles of a Grounded Theory approach. Setting/participants: All specialised palliative home-care teams ( n = 22) caring for adults in Hesse, Germany, participated. We conducted participant observations ( n = 5), and interviewed patients ( n = 14), relatives ( n = 14) and health professionals working in or collaborating with specialised palliative home-care ( n = 30). We also conducted focus groups ( n = 4) with health professionals including a member check. Results: Successful specialised palliative home-care needs to treat complex symptoms, and provide comprehensive care including organisation of care, involving relatives and addressing issues of death and dying. Sense of security for patients and relatives is key to enable care at home. Care delivery preferences include a focus on the quality of relationships, respect for individuality and the facilitation of self-determination. Conclusions: Consideration of the identified key issues can help to ensure successful specialised palliative home-care. Knowledge of these should also be considered when researching and assessing quality of care. Trial registration: German Clinical Trials Register DRKS-ID: DRKS00012421; http://www.germanctr.de .

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Locked Out

Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics ◽

10.1017/s0963180117000081 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 555-576 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

VERONICA JOHANSSON ◽

SURJO R. SOEKADAR ◽

JENS CLAUSEN

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Moral Responsibility ◽

Medical Condition ◽

Persons With Disabilities ◽

Social Barriers ◽

Computer Interfaces ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Viable Solution ◽

Key Issues

Abstract:Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) can enable communication for persons in severe paralysis including locked-in syndrome (LIS); that is, being unable to move or speak while aware. In cases of complete loss of muscle control, termed “complete locked-in syndrome,” a BCI may be the only viable solution to restore communication. However, a widespread ignorance regarding quality of life in LIS, current BCIs, and their potential as an assistive technology for persons in LIS, needlessly causes a harmful situation for this cohort. In addition to their medical condition, these persons also face social barriers often perceived as more impairing than their physical condition. Through social exclusion, stigmatization, and frequently being underestimated in their abilities, these persons are being locked out in addition to being locked-in. In this article, we (1) show how persons in LIS are being locked out, including how key issues addressed in the existing literature on ethics, LIS, and BCIs for communication, such as autonomy, quality of life, and advance directives, may reinforce these confinements; (2) show how these practices violate the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, and suggest that we have a moral responsibility to prevent and stop this exclusion; and (3) discuss the role of BCIs for communication as one means to this end and suggest that a novel approach to BCI research is necessary to acknowledge the moral responsibility toward the end users and avoid violating the human rights of persons in LIS.

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A Survey of the Present State of Friction Modelling in the Analytical and Numerical Investigation of Brake Noise Generation

Volume 7B: 17th Biennial Conference on Mechanical Vibration and Noise ◽

10.1115/detc99/vib-8357 ◽

1999 ◽

Author(s):

Jörg Wallaschek ◽

Karl-Heinz Hach ◽

Ulrich Stolz ◽

Parimal Mody

Keyword(s):

Friction And Wear ◽

Numerical Models ◽

Engineering Practice ◽

Noise Generation ◽

Noise And Vibration ◽

Levels Of Detail ◽

Key Issues ◽

Brake Noise ◽

Automotive Brake

Abstract Noise and vibration have become key issues in the design of automotive braking systems. Efforts to improve present day braking systems must take noise and vibration behaviour into account. Good knowledge of the mechanisms involved in the generation of brake noise has thus become an important competitive factor in the design of automotive brake systems. The present paper summarizes some facts and hypotheses concerning the generation of brake noise. First the different brake noise phenomena are classified. Then several approaches, including models of various levels of detail which have been suggested to explain the root causes of brake noise generation are discussed in detail. It will be pointed out that friction and wear processes at the interface of brake pad and rotor play an important role in the understanding of brake noise generation. Unfortunately, our present day knowledge on these processes is quite limited. Further research of basic processes is still needed to improve the quality of analytical and numerical models of friction and wear processes, before reliable predictions of brake noise generation become possible. Based on a discussion of simple models frequently used in engineering practice, guidelines for further research in tribological modelling of the interface processes in pad/rotor interaction will be formulated.

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