Demographic Challenges in Central and Eastern Europe in 21st Century

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 333
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Durasiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Demographic Challenges ◽  
Desk Research ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Research Analysis

<p><em>Due to the fact that the least favorable situation in terms of population is in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the article presents the demographic position of these countries, the challenges and risks associated with the demographic crisis, the existing policy guidelines for families and points to the long-term perspective to the next 60 years (graying society). The aim of this article is to present the scale of the demographic crisis but also describe the consequences associated with it, and the challenges faced by each country in the future in the relation to the aging population. The research methods used in this work is desk research, analysis and interpretation of available statistical data and descriptive method based on the available literature.</em><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p> </p>

scholarly journals THE DETERMINATION OF FINANCIAL STRUCTURE IN AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHING INDUSTRY IN SELECTED COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-78
Author(s):  
Petra Růčková ◽  
Nicole Škuláňová
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Financial Structure ◽  
Fishing Industry ◽  
Inflation Rates

Every economic sector, every single industry, every economy, and even every firm has its specific financial structure. Given that it is not possible to examine thousands of individual companies for scientific purposes, it is necessary to at least examine the differences between individual sectors, industries and countries. At the same time, the formation and optimization of the financial structure is influenced by a myriad of diverse factors that financial managers should take into account in their decisions. Thanks to these facts, more and more researches had been created for over half a century. This research expands knowledge in seven selected countries of Central and Eastern Europe – the Visegrád Group, Bulgaria, Slovenia and Romania. The aim of the research is to evaluate, based on the Generalized Method of Moments, the relationship between the six selected factors and the indebtedness level in companies belonging to the agricultural, forestry and fishing industry. The subject of the research is medium, large and very large companies during the years 2009 to 2016. The research deals with the influence of profitability, liquidity, asset structure, economic development, inflation and interest rates on the total, long-term and short-term indebtedness of companies. The main finding of the research is that companies are influenced by both internal and external determinants. However, even though the industry should be neutral, external determinants – GDP growth rates, inflation rates and interest rates – have a more significant impact on the debt level. The results of this research will not only extend current knowledge in the field of corporate finance, but at the same time, the results may be stimulating in setting support rules for public administration and even European institutions, as the selected industry is strongly linked to subsidy policies.

Transformationsprozesse aus Sicht der evolutorischen Ökonomik

2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Michael Wrobel
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Path Dependency ◽  
Borderline Case ◽  
Evolutionary Approach ◽  
Institutional Evolution ◽  
Mainstream Economics ◽  
Institutional Competition ◽  
Political Entrepreneurs

AbstractThe transformation of former socialist economies in Central and Eastern Europe is a still continuing long-term process. Since explanations and political recommendations by mainstream economics have not been sufficient, research on methodology and theory of transformation is necessary still today. In this paper an evolutionary approach will be introduced to explain the phenomenon of “transformation” as borderline case of long-term institutional evolution. In concrete it will be described as adaptive-imitative step within institutional competition caused by “exit” and “voice” in the Hirschman sense, initiated by political entrepreneurs, channelled by cultural restriction and path dependency and - as consequence of the evolutionary approach - independent of scientific valuation.

scholarly journals Glaciochemistry of Cave Ice: Paradana and Snežna Caves, Slovenia

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Anne Carey ◽  
Matija Zorn ◽  
Jure Tičar ◽  
Matej Lipar ◽  
Blaž Komac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Major Ion ◽  
Isotope Data ◽  
Lake Waters ◽  
Stable Isotope Data

Cave ice samples collected within karstic terrain have major ion and nutrient concentrations showing that the ice originates from local precipitation modified by the addition of Ca2+ and HCO3− from the dissolution of the local bedrock. Isotopic profiles of Paradana Cave ice are similar to those described in other ice caves in central and eastern Europe, where the profiles are developed through the freezing of cave pool or “lake” waters from the top downward during the onset of the cold portion of the year. Stable isotope data suggest future studies may yield a long-term paleo-environmental record for this location.

Introduction: Politics and Current Challenges of Demography in Central and Eastern Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 879-892
Author(s):  
Tsveta Petrova ◽  
Tomasz Inglot
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Demographic Challenges ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Europe Today

This article belongs to the special cluster, “Politics and Current Demographic Challenges in Central and Eastern Europe,” guest-edited by Tsveta Petrova and Tomasz Inglot. In this article, we introduce a multidisciplinary and multimethod, special section on the intersection of politics, policy, and the current challenges of demography in Hungary and Poland. We argue that aging, declining fertility, and migration as well as their politicization all deserve urgent attention as some of the most pressing concerns for most of Central and Eastern Europe today. Accordingly, we first use European Commission data to paint a comparative picture of the demographic challenges that the region faces. We then introduce the article contributions in the special section that examine aging, declining fertility, and migration. Next we turn to the question of the politicization of these demographic challenges. We discuss how the proposed special section speaks to two important but previously rarely linked debates taking place within the social sciences today: (1) the voluminous literature on the demographic changes and policies in Central and Eastern Europe, including their ethnic and cultural dimensions, and (2) the expanding scholarship on the rise of nationalist populism and decline in the quality of liberal democracy in the region. Lastly, we summarize the arguments of the contributing authors, who pay closer attention to policy responses to and the politicization of the demographic challenges faced by Central and Eastern Europe.

scholarly journals Towards the Rise of Eurasia. Competing Geopolitical Narratives and Responses

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
The United States ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Regional Studies ◽  
Wide Audience ◽  
Comprehensive Picture

At the beginning of the 21st century, the unity of Europe and Asia took on a new meaning, leading to an appreciation of Eurasian thinking - which has a long tradition in geopolitics -, allowing different narratives to be born in different countries. The aim of this volume is to present in detail the interconnected geopolitical narratives that are emerging in various countries. As a similar book that examines the image of Eurasia through narratives has not yet been published in the region, this publication can be seen as a ground-breaking step. This work contains studies by experts in geopolitics - both foreign and domestic specialists - that undoubtedly contribute to the development of geopolitical research in Central and Eastern Europe. With their help, the reader can get a comprehensive picture of how the great powers and smaller countries on the supercontinent (as well as in the United States) interpret Eurasia, what the main features are of each narrative, and which factors and processes are helping and hindering their implementation. The publisher of the volume, the lnstitute of lnternational, Political and Regional Studies at Corvinus University, is strongly committed to exploring current developments in geopolitics, thereby contributing to their better understanding. The latest volume in the series 'Corvinus Geographia, Geopolitica, Geooeconomia' may be of interest to a wide audience. As well as being relevant to those interested in geopolitics, it will appeal to those who seek to understand the changing landscape of international relations of the 21st century.

An alarming absence of data on attitudes towards biobanking in the Central and Eastern Europe

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matus Adamkovic ◽  
Ivana Piterová ◽  
Denisa Fedáková
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Psychological Correlates

In recent years, biobanking infrastructure has been gradually built in Central and Eastern Europe. The long-term success of biobanking, however, depends on the public’s engagement in the process. The available evidence indicates low informedness and hesitancy towards biobanking in CEE. Understanding of driving forces and barriers in laypeople’s participation in biobanking is thus a key challenge. The present paper aims to (1) summarize the available evidence, especially from the CEE countries, on public awareness and willingness to participate in biobanking, (2) provide the results of a systematic review on psychological correlates of engagement in biobanking in CEE, and (3) highlight the most pressing issues regarding the available evidence. In general, public awareness, biobanks’ communication and cooperation, ethical and legal regulations, and institutional/governmental trust seem to determine public engagement in biobanking the most. However, cultural specifics are likely to play a major role. Unfortunately, there is a dearth of behavioral data on this topic for the CEE countries. General recommendations on how to increase laypeople’s participation in biobanking are discussed. For the field to progress, future in-depth research on this topic conducted in the CEE countries is needed.

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