scholarly journals Dyscalculia – one of the Types of Learning Disabilities

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Sarmīte Tūbele
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Learning Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Profile ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Theoretical Justification ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The article is devoted to a theoretical justification of dyscalculia showing a link between characteristics of brain functions and expressions of learning disorders. Although dyscalculia and dyslexia are linked problems, the cognitive profile is different. Significant understanding of dyscalculia deals with origin and manifestations of it that affect learning in school and future quality of life. Development of neuroscience and brain studies performing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), allow accurate descriptions of problem and in addition to search for ways to reduce the negative effects of dyscalculia.

scholarly journals A study of the sensitivity and specificity of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technique used in the diagnosis of endometriosis versus the intraoperative appearance considered the reference standard in the diagnosis of endometriosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Alexandra RADU ◽  
◽  
Elvira BRATILA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
First Line ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Asymptomatic Women ◽  
Bladder Invasion

Endometriosis is a gynecological pathology with chronic symptoms, which negatively affects the patient’s quality of life. The prevalence of endometriosis in asymptomatic women is between 2% and 50%, depending on the populations studied and the method of diagnosis. The severity of the symptoms as well as the probability of diagnosing endometriosis increases with age9. Because endometriosis is a gynecological condition with a nonspecific clinical picture, sometimes even asymptomatic, imaging technology can be considered the first line of diagnosis for this pathology. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) used in the diagnosis of endometriotic lesions depending on their location, and compare the results obtained with the intraoperative appearance considered a reference standard in the diagnosis of endometriosis. Our study revealed the highest specificity for MRI in the case of endometriotic bladder invasion, respectively the highest sensitivity for endometriotic rectal nodules.

scholarly journals CORRELATION OF LUMBAR FORAMINAL STENOSIS DEGREE ON SAGITTAL MRI WITH JOABPEQ (JAPANESE ORTHOPAEDIC ASSOCIATION BACKPAIN QUESTIONNAIRE) AND ODI (OSWESTRY DISABILITY INDEX) ON LUMBAR FORAMINAL STENOSIS L5-S1 PATIENTS

Biomedika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Bagas Widhiarso ◽  
Anggita Tri Yurisworo ◽  
Andhi Prijosedjati ◽  
Pamudji Utomo ◽  
Handry Tri Handojo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Oswestry Disability Index ◽  
Japanese Orthopaedic Association ◽  
Foraminal Stenosis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Lumbar Foraminal Stenosis ◽  
Pain Evaluation ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Lumbar Foraminal Stenosis (LFS) dapat secara signifikan mengurangi fungsi dan kualitas hidup pasien dan Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) adalah alat pendukung yang umum digunakan untuk mengukur beratnya stenosis. Lee score umumnya digunakan untuk mengukur derajat LFS pada MRI sagital. Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOABPEQ) dan Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) digunakan untuk menilai disabilitas dan skor fungsional pada pasien LFS. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara derajat LFS pada MRI sagital dengan kualitas hidup pada pasien dengan LFS. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional yang melibatkan 25 pasien dengan gejala klinis LFS di RS. X Surakarta. Pasien dinilai dengan mengisi kuesioner JOABPEQ dan ODI, kemudian dilakukan evaluasi MRI sagittal lumbar untuk menentukan derajat Lee score, kemudian melakukan uji korelasi pada data yang diperoleh. Penelitian ini menunjukkan korelasi yang signifikan antara Skor Lee dengan JOABPEQ dan ODI. Tingkat LFS berdasarkan Lee Score memiliki korelasi yang signifikan dengan tingkat disabilitas menggunakan JOABPEQ dan ODI. JOABPEQ memiliki korelasi yang lebih signifikan dengan Skor Lee dibandingkan dengan ODI. Kata Kunci : Lumbar Foraminal Stenosis, Lee Score, JOABPEQ, ODI Lumbar Foraminal Stenosis (LFS) can significantly reduce the patient’s function and quality of life and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is commonly used supporting tool to measure the degree of stenosis. Lee Score is commonly used to measure the degree of LFS on sagittal MRI. Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOABPEQ) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) to assess disability and functional scores in LFS patients. This study was conducted to determine the correlation between the degree of LFS on sagittal MRI images with quality of life in patients with LFS.This study is an observational analytics study involving 25 patients with clinical symptoms of LFS in X Hospital Surakarta. Patients were assessed by filling JOABPEQ dan ODI questionnaires, then performed sagittal lumbar MRI evaluation to determine the degree of Lee Score, then performed correlation test on the data obtained.This study shows a significant correlation between Lee Score with JOABPEQ and ODI. The degree of LFS based on Lee Score has a significant correlation with the degree of disability using JOABPEQ and ODI. JOABPEQ has a more significant correlation to Lee Score compared with ODI. Keywords:Lumbar Foraminal Stenosis, Lee Score, JOABPEQ, ODI

Gadolinium In Medicine-An Evaluation and Update

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Blaurock-Busch Eleonore
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Chelating Agents ◽  
The Body ◽  
Imaging Procedures ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Intravenous Drugs ◽  
Gadolinium Retention ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents (GBCA) are intravenous drugs used in diagnostic imaging procedures to enhance the quality of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) or Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA). FDA alerts concerning potential side effects increased patient and medical concerns. More recent FDA information indicate that ionic gadolinium is released from some GBCAs, potentially causing gadolinium toxicity. We checked if gadolinium is excreted renally without intervention after previous administration of GBCAs, and if chelating agents are effective in removing gadolinium that may have remained in the body after GBCA administration. Through the evaluation of our internal database and the studies of others, we concluded that no clear consensus exists at this time. While the DTPAs may be the choice of chelators for the removal of gadolinium from the human body, further studies are needed to prove this. It seems clear, however, that microcyclic GBCAs provide a lesser risk of causing gadolinium retention and gadolinium toxicity symptoms.

scholarly journals Initial experience of using an iron-containing fiducial marker for radiotherapy of prostate cancer: Advantages in the visualization of markers in Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Tanaka ◽  
Takayoshi Iida ◽  
Hisao Komeda ◽  
Masayoshi Tamaki ◽  
Kensaku Seike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Right ◽  
Planning Ct

Abstract Visualization of markers is critical for imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, the size of the marker varies according to the imaging technique. While a large-sized marker is more useful for visualization in MRI, it results in artifacts on CT and causes substantial pain on administration. In contrast, a small-sized marker reduces the artifacts on CT but hampers MRI detection. Herein, we report a new ironcontaining marker and compare its utility with that of non-iron-containing markers. Five patients underwent CT/MRI fusion-based intensity-modulated radiotherapy, and the markers were placed by urologists. A Gold Anchor™ (GA; diameter, 0.28 mm; length, 10 mm) was placed using a 22G needle on the right side of the prostate. A VISICOIL™ (VIS; diameter, 0.35 mm; length, 10 mm) was placed using a 19G needle on the left side. MRI was performed using T2*-weighted imaging. Three observers evaluated and scored the visual qualities of the acquired images. The mean score of visualization was almost identical between the GA and VIS in radiography and cone-beam CT (Novalis Tx). The artifacts in planning CT were slightly larger using the GA than using the VIS. The visualization of the marker on MRI using the GA was superior to that using the VIS. In conclusion, the visualization quality of radiography, conebeam CT, and planning CT was roughly equal between the GA and VIS. However, the GA was more strongly visualized than was the VIS on MRI due to iron containing.

scholarly journals Effect of Metallic Ureteric Stents on Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Implications for Malignant Ureteral Obstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-258
Author(s):  
Mahima Tellambura ◽  
Isaac Thangasamy ◽  
Kwang Chin ◽  
Declan Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ureteric Obstruction ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ureteric Stents ◽  
Diagnostic Certainty ◽  
Malignant Ureteral Obstruction ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Metallic ureteric stents are increasingly used for the management of malignant ureteric obstruction, a commonly encountered complication in urological and other malignancies. However, there has been limited evaluation of complications associated with these stents, including those that might arise from the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). While most devices are deemed nominally “MRI-safe,” their implication on the quality of imaging produced has not been evaluated in clinical trials, and in our practice, significant artefact has been encountered with some ureteric stents—specifically, the Teleflex Rüsch DD tumour stent—compromising image quality and diagnostic certainty.

scholarly journals Review of Russian regulatory documents on the organization and functioning of offices and departments of magnetic resonance imaging.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey V. Smirnov ◽  
Dmitriy S. Semenov ◽  
Ekaterina S. Ahkmad ◽  
Anna N. Khoruzhaya ◽  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Kruchinin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
The Past ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Diagnostic studies carried out using any medical equipment require comprehensive control, which is provided by a number of regulatory documents. Particular attention is paid to X-ray imaging methods, but in the field of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), one can notice both the lack of this attention and the multidirectional efforts to normalize. This is understandable - this diagnostic method is not based on the use of ionizing radiation, and although magnetic fields have some effect on human health, especially on personnel who work in MRI rooms all the time, they are safe for patients who come to the diagnostic procedure from time to time. time and do not have in their body foreign metal (steel implants) or electronic (pacemakers, neurostimulators) objects. However, ignorance and non-compliance with both advisory and mandatory requirements can significantly increase the risk of harm to patients or staff, as well as lead to a decrease in the quality of imaging and diagnostics. A separate feature of the field of MRI regulation is that over the past decades, more than a dozen different standards, sanitary norms, rules, letters and recommendations have been published or revised, a significant part of which complement or duplicate each other, or completely contradict each other. As a result, the need to ensure compliance of the MRI room / department with the requirements of regulatory documents is greatly complicated. This paper provides an overview of the regulatory documentation in force in Russia related to the organization and functioning of an MRI room / department, highlights the aspects that are most important from the point of view of safe and high-quality operation, and formulates the steps necessary to modernize the system, both from the point of view of the quality of diagnostics. and the safety of MRI studies.

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