scholarly journals Research on Technology and Application of Buried Faults Identification in Urban Underground Space

CONVERTER ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 848-860
Author(s):  
Hongzhao Li Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Earthquake Risk ◽  
Underground Space ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Seismic Prospecting ◽  
Shallow Seismic ◽  
Migration Imaging ◽  
Depth Relationship ◽  
Buried Faults

With theurbanization rate's rising and three-dimensional expansion and development of urban, the identification of underground buried faults has become the key factor of earthquake risk in urban underground space and surface area. As a typical method of detecting blind faults in underground space, shallow seismic prospecting technology plays an important role in judging and avoiding potential risks such as underground faults in the process of urban expansion and site selection. In this paper, shallow seismic prospecting technology is adopted, and optimized processing technologies such as parameter test, tomographic correction, pre-stack denoising, fidelity and consistency processing, correction iteration, migration imaging, and time-depth relationship deduction are adopted. Underground faults are identified and interpreted in the studied urban area, and fault risk assessment is carried out based on fault characteristics, scale, distribution and overlying strata, thus providing suggestions for regional pattern and construction of urban planning.

scholarly journals Long Short-Term Memory Networks for Pattern Recognition of Synthetical Complete Earthquake Catalog

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4905
Author(s):  
Chen Cao ◽  
Xiangbin Wu ◽  
Lizhi Yang ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Xianying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Earthquake Risk ◽  
Earthquake Activity ◽  
Earthquake Catalog ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Earthquake Migration ◽  
Long Short Term Memory

Exploring the spatiotemporal distribution of earthquake activity, especially earthquake migration of fault systems, can greatly to understand the basic mechanics of earthquakes and the assessment of earthquake risk. By establishing a three-dimensional strike-slip fault model, to derive the stress response and fault slip along the fault under regional stress conditions. Our study helps to create a long-term, complete earthquake catalog. We modelled Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks for pattern recognition of the synthetical earthquake catalog. The performance of the models was compared using the mean-square error (MSE). Our results showed clearly the application of LSTM showed a meaningful result of 0.08% in the MSE values. Our best model can predict the time and magnitude of the earthquakes with a magnitude greater than Mw = 6.5 with a similar clustering period. These results showed conclusively that applying LSTM in a spatiotemporal series prediction provides a potential application in the study of earthquake mechanics and forecasting of major earthquake events.

Three-Dimensional Engineering Geology Data Warehouse Constructed by Power Designer

2013 ◽  
Vol 753-755 ◽  
pp. 3112-3115
Author(s):  
Jing Li Huang ◽  
Qing Wang ◽  
Qiu Ling Lang
Keyword(s):  
Data Base ◽  
Data Warehouse ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Engineering Geology ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Soil Mass ◽  
Design Model ◽  
Underground Space ◽  
Geological Data ◽  
Rock And Soil

The Three-dimensional engineering geology data warehouse is constructed by Power Desinger16.1, with the theme as the rock and mass availability in urban underground space, and with the source data as the borehole data of engineering Investigation. Use the Model-driven Architecture method, reverse engineer the Access data base, extract existed data model, combine research theme to construct the Star data structure model. And check the SQL script in SQL Server2005, to ensure normal operation. 0 Forewords The traditional transaction-oriented designed engineering geology data base has the function to storage original data from work, to draw of geological section and to provide simple check and analysis, but without the decision support function in view of a subject. The purpose of construction a 3D engineering geological data warehouse is to build a decision support system in view of availability of rock and soil mass in urban underground space. Based on the data extraction, data integration, data cleaning and data transformation, the 3D engineering geological data warehouse could achieve the integrated management of massive geological data and to provide reliable data source for the rock and soil mass utilization system in urban underground space. The main feature of 3D engineering geological data base is subject-oriented, integrated, time-varying, relatively stable, and is magnanimous collection of engineering geological spatial data and attribute data. According to the design pattern of traditional data base, the construction of 3D engineering geological data warehouse can be divided into three stages: concept design model, logic design model and physical design model. But the 3D engineering geological data warehouse exist iterative in the construction process. Currently, there are many CASE tools to help developers quickly achieving the data base design, such as Rational Rose by Rational company, Erwin and Bpwin by CA company, Power Designer by Sybase company, Office Visio by Microsoft company, and Oracle Designer by Oracle company. The paper uses the Powerdesigner16.1 to achieve the logical data model (LDM) and physical data model (PDM).

scholarly journals STEREO VISION METHOD APPLICATION TO ROAD INSPECTION

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Staniek
Keyword(s):  
Stereo Vision ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Corner Detection ◽  
Stereo Images ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Road Inspection ◽  
Set Of Points

The paper presents the stereo vision method for the mapping of road pavement. The mapped road is a set of points in three-dimensional space. The proposed method of measurement and its implementation make it possible to generate a precise mapping of a road surface with a resolution of 1 mm in transverse, longitudinal and vertical dimensions. Such accurate mapping of the road is the effect of application of stereo images based on image processing technologies. The use of matching measure CoVar, at the stage of images matching, help eliminate corner detection and filter stereo images, maintaining the effectiveness of the algorithm mapping. The proper analysis of image-based data and application of mathematical transformations enable to determine many types of distresses such as potholes, patches, bleedings, cracks, ruts and roughness. The paper also aims at comparing the results of proposed solution and reference test-bench. The statistical analysis of the differences permits the judgment of error types.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Regularized Focusing Migration: A Case Study from the Yucheng Mining Area, Shandong, China

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 471
Author(s):  
Yidan Ding ◽  
Guoqing Ma ◽  
Shengqing Xiong ◽  
Haoran Wang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Gravity Data ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Step Size ◽  
Migration Direction ◽  
Migration Imaging ◽  
Imaging Results

Gravity migration is a fast imaging technique based on the migration concept to obtain subsurface density distribution. For higher resolution of migration imaging results, we propose a 3D regularized focusing migration method that implements migration imaging of an entire gravity survey with a focusing stabilizer based on regularization theory. When determining the model parameters, the iterative direction is chosen as the conjugate migration direction, and the step size is selected on the basis of the Wolfe–Powell conditions. The model tests demonstrate that the proposed method can improve the resolution and precision of imaging results, especially for blocky structures. At the same time, the method has high computational efficiency, which allows rapid imaging for large-scale gravity data. It also has high stability in noisy conditions. The developed novel method is applied to interpret gravity data collected from the skarn-type iron deposits in Yucheng, Shandong province. Migration results show that the depth of the buried iron ore in this area is 750–1500 m, which is consistent with the drilling data. We also provide recommendations for further mineral exploration in the survey area. This method can be used to complete rapid global imaging of large mining areas and it provides important technical support for exploration of deep, concealed deposits.

Integration of a Quantitative Feedback Theory (QFT)-Based Active Noise Canceller and 3D Audio Processor to Headsets

2007 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingsian R. Bai ◽  
Jianliang Lin
Keyword(s):  
Digital Signal Processor ◽  
Active Noise Control ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Quantitative Feedback Theory ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
3D Audio ◽  
Active Noise ◽  
Spatial Sound Reproduction

This paper seeks to enhance the quality of spatial sound reproduction by integrating two advanced signal processing technologies, active noise control (ANC) and three-dimensional (3D) audio, to a headset. The ANC module of the headset is designed based on the quantitative feedback theory (QFT), which is a unified theory that emphasizes the use of feedback for achieving the desired system performance tolerances in the face of plant uncertainties and plant disturbances. Performance, stability, and robustness of the closed-loop system have been taken into account in the loop-shaping procedure within a general framework of the QFT. On the other hand, 3D audio processing algorithms including the head-related-transfer-function and the reverberator are realized on the platform of a fixed-point digital signal processor. Listening tests were conducted to evaluate the proposed system in terms of various subjective performance indices. The experimental results revealed that the 3D headset is capable of delivering superior rendering quality of localization and spaciousness, with the aid of the ANC module.

Origins and engineering hazards of Swedish glaciomarine and marine clays

1991 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Stevens ◽  
M. S. Rosenbaum ◽  
L. G. Hellgren
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Land Uplift ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Depositional Settings ◽  
Late Weichselian ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

AbstractThis paper relates the Engineering features of fine-grained clays in the Göteborg area to their glacial sources, depositional settings and postdepositional changes. These deposits occupy valley and coastal areas where urban expansion has been concentrated, despite the considerable problems with settlement and quick-clay behaviour. Both mineralogical and permeability trends are largely determined by the textural characteristics of the deposits. The depositional environments, which have largely controlled the textural trends, are known to have evolved during late Weichselian times due to glacial retreat, isostatic land uplift and climatic changes. A generalized lithostratigraphical model has been produced and this is used here to help understand and predict the variability of the geotechnical properties. The stratigraphical trends in texture, mineralogy and structure are considered within four broad genetic categories: 1) coarse-grained glacial deposits, 2) glaciomarine deposits, 3) very distal glaciomarine deposits, and 4) shallow-marine deposits. These divisions can often be recognized within the logs of geotechnical reports, which suggested that they could provide the basis for development of three-dimensional models which have both geological and geotechnical predictive power within the vicinity of Göteborg. They could also act as a guide for the development of similar models in urban areas elsewhere.

scholarly journals The Visualization Representation of Space-Time-Path in The Space-Time-Cube

2021 ◽  
Vol 906 (1) ◽  
pp. 012030
Author(s):  
Bingbing Song ◽  
Yanlin Wang ◽  
Fang Li
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Temporal Data ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Spatial Object ◽  
Time Path ◽  
Visual Clutter ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Map is a traditional visualization tool to represent distribution and interaction of spatial objects or spatial phenomenon. However, with the continuous development of acquisition and processing technologies for spatio-temporal data, traditional map can hardly meet the visualization requirement for this type of data. In other words, the dynamic information about spatial object or phenomenon cannot be expressed fully by traditional map. The Space-Time-Cube (STC), as a three-dimensional visualization environment, whose base represents the two-dimensional geographical space and whose height represents the temporal dimension, can simultaneously represent the spatial distribution as well as the temporal changes of spatio-temporal data. For some spatial object or phenomenon, its moving trajectory can be visualized in STC as a Space-Time-Path (STP), by which the speed and state of motion can be clearly reflected. Noticeably, the problem of visual clutter about STP is inevitably due to the complexity of three-dimensional visualization. In order to reduce the impact of visual clutter, this paper discusses different aspects about visualization representation of STP in the STC. The multiple scales representation and the multiple views display can promote interactive experience of users, and the application of different visual variables can help to represent different kinds of attribute information of STP. With the visualization of STP, spatio-temporal changes and attributive characters of spatial object or phenomenon can be represented and analysed.

scholarly journals Legal Framework of Urban Underground Space in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8297
Author(s):  
Zhi Zhang ◽  
Jenny Paulsson ◽  
Jian Gong ◽  
Ji’e Huan
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Underground Space ◽  
Master Planning ◽  
Space Utilization ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Basic Law ◽  
Laws And Regulations

The booming of three-dimensional (3D) land use brings a change of the connotation of land rights, which will expand “flat” 2D land legislation with 3D land legislation. The legal issues of urban underground space for 3D objects in large cities around the world have been attracting more and more attention. A supportive legal framework is crucial for underground space utilization in a country. This paper analyzes the present 173 representative laws and regulations of urban underground space utilization and management of China from 1998 to 2018, and attempts to interpret the current laws and regulations of underground space from four aspects; by quantity, spatial distribution, legislative force and content. The result shows that poor legal framework of urban underground space in China, including low-level of legislative force, disunity of local legislation standard and absence of special statutes and regulations, are the main reasons causing ownership disputation, registration chaos, as well as no unanimous judicial practice. To address these issues, the paper refers to a case study for underground space legal framework in Japan and aims to form a set of top-down unified legal framework, including basic law, special statutes and regulations, as well as supplementary policies and documents of urban underground space, and proposes that the underground space planning should be incorporated as one essential portion of the master planning in China. By studying the legal system of underground space in Japan and China, this study may offer better insight for those conducting UUS legal framework research as well as serve as reference for countries with similar legal issues.

scholarly journals USES OF 3D MODELING TECHNIQUES IN THE DIGITAL ARTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (88) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Games ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Real Life ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Digital Art ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Modeling Techniques

With the rapid advances in visual perception and processing technologies, it has become easier to create 3D models (three dimensional visuals that have width height and depth data) of objects by processing 2D (two dimensional images that have width and height data like photography) images obtained from real life with the help of certain algorithms. These systems, which convert from two-dimensional painting to three-dimensional model format, now describe and translate most objects correctly. Like photogrametry and laser scanning, is used to quickly transfer large areas to 3D media, especially with coating materials. 3D images obtained by scanning 2D images show differences in terms of the obtained model quality and polygon density. This system, which serves to obtain very fast 3D models, is frequently used in computer games development, digital art and production / cinema studies, painting, sculpting, ceramic and photography to obtain a spesific result. In the research, image-based 3D model creation technologies were mentioned. The types of this technology and its usage purposes, methods and problems are the topics of this article Also problems faced while engaging the models accured from this methods to other platforms are included in the article. In this context, the aim of the study is to recognize the new scanning modeling processes and algorithms supported by artificial intelligence and to determine the usage areas of these modeling techniques in art. Keywords: Art, 3D Model, A.I., LIDAR, Photogrametry, Digital Art

scholarly journals THREE-DIMENSIONAL DATA MODELLING FOR UNDERGROUND UTILITY NETWORK MAPPING

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-4 ◽  
pp. 711-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Yan ◽  
S. W. Jaw ◽  
R. V. Son ◽  
K. H. Soon ◽  
G. Schrotter
Keyword(s):  
Data Model ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Underground Space ◽  
Geospatial Information ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Utility Network ◽  
City State

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Cities around the world face an increasing need for land as density in urban areas increases rapidly. The pressure to expand a city’s space is especially acute for a city-state like Singapore. How to make better use of underground space? This issue becomes much more emergent in the urban development. In the big data era, a data-driven approach of underground spaces is necessary for the sustainable development of a city along with rapid urbanization. A reliable three dimensional (3D) digital map of utility networks is crucial for urban planners to understand one of the most impactful aspects of the underground space planning. The mapping underground utility networks is a challenging task, especially for cities with limited land resources, congested underground spaces, and a lack of uniform existing practices. This paper proposes a framework to organise the workflow from an underground utility data survey to data use. This framework includes two core parts: A 3D utility network data model that aims to convert utility survey data to 3D geospatial information, and a 3D utility cadastral data model that supports utility ownership management. It is expected that reliable and accurate information on underground utility networks can lead to a better understanding and management of underground space, which eventually contributes to better city planning, making the unseen structures visible.</p>

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